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We hypothesized that immunogens prominently recognized by convalescence sera but significantly less so by sera of susceptible piglets are putative protective antigens. Accordingly, we investigated immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a multicomponent vaccine including six main conserved immunogens, namely SSU0934, SSU1869, SSU0757, SSU1950, SSU1664 and SSU0187. Flow cytometry confirmed surface expression of all six immunogens in<jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>serotypes 2, 9 and 14. Although prime-booster vaccination after weaning resulted in significantly higher specific IgG levels against all six immunogens compared to the placebo-treated group, no significant differences between bacterial survival in blood from either vaccinated or control animals were recorded for serotype 2, 9 and 14 strains. Furthermore, vaccinated piglets were not protected against morbidity elicited through intranasal challenge with<jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>serotype 14. As ~50% of animals in both groups did not develop disease, we investigated putative other correlates of protection. Induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in blood granulocytes was not associated with vaccination but correlated with protection as all piglets with\u2009&gt;5% ROS survived the challenge. Based on these findings we discuss that the main immunogens of<jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>might actually not be a priori good candidates for protective antigens. On the contrary, expression of immunogens that evoke antibodies that do not mediate killing of this pathogen might constitute an evolutionary advantage conserved in many different<jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-021-00981-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T13:04:13Z","timestamp":1629896653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a Streptococcus suis vaccine composed of six conserved immunogens"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Wei\u00dfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Dittmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Jak\u00f3bczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Florian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Sch\u00fctze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gottfried","family":"Alber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Klose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Michalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Valentin-Weigand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"V\u00f6lker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9149-1615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph Georg","family":"Baums","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"981_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.069757-0","volume":"63","author":"A Kerdsin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kerdsin A, Akeda Y, Hatrongjit R, Detchawna U, Sekizaki T, Hamada S, Gottschalk M, Oishi K (2014) Streptococcus suis serotyping by a new multiplex PCR. 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The protocols for the animal experiments, from which sera used for characterization of immunogens originate, were either approved by the Committee on Animal Experiments of the Lower Saxonian State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety (Nieders\u00e4chsisches Landesamt f\u00fcr Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, LAVES under the permit number 87A044, 509.6-42502-04\/829; 33.14-42502-04-12\/0965; 33.12-42502-04-16\/2305A) or the Landesdirektion Sachsen (permit no. TVV14\/15; TVV26\/15; N01\/16; TVV11\/16; TVV28\/16; TVV37\/17), which included approval through the registered committee for animal experiments. The collection of blood samples from pigs was approved by the Landesdirektion Sachsen (permit no. TVV40\/18 and A09\/19, respectively). The animal experiment of this study was approved by the Saxony Regional Office (permit no. TVV57\/18), which includes approval through the registered committee for animal experiments.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare the following financial interests\/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Ceva Innovation Center GmbH is a company developing veterinary vaccines. VF and BJ are employees of Ceva Innovation Center GmbH. Furthermore, research of CGB and GA is funded by Ceva Innovation Center GmbH.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"112"}}