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The intensive pulmonary inflammatory response following\n                    <jats:italic>G. parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection is the main cause of lung injury and death in pigs. Vaccination has failed to control the disease due to the lack of extended cross-protection. Accumulating evidence indicates that the heme-binding protein A (HbpA) is a potential virulence determinant and a promising antigen candidate for the development of a broader range of vaccines. However, it is not yet known whether HbpA contributes to\n                    <jats:italic>G. parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence or has any potential immune protective effects against\n                    <jats:italic>G. parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Here, we show that HbpA can induce the transcription and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and MCP-1) in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM, 3D4\/31). The HbpA protein is recognized by Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on 3D4\/21 macrophages, resulting in the activation of MAP kinase and NF-\u03baB signalling cascades and the transcription and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. HbpA contributes to virulence and bacterial pulmonary colonization in C57BL\/6 mice and plays a role in adhesion to host cells and evasion of the bactericidal effect of pulmonary macrophages. In addition, mice immunized with HbpA were partially protected against challenge by\n                    <jats:italic>G. parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    SC1401. The results suggest that HbpA plays an important role in the pathogenesis of disease caused by\n                    <jats:italic>G. parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and lay a foundation for the development of a subunit or chimeric anti-\n                    <jats:italic>G. parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    vaccine.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-024-01344-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T05:05:07Z","timestamp":1722229507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["HbpA from Glaesserella parasuis induces an inflammatory response in 3D4\/21 cells by activating the MAPK and NF-\u03baB signalling pathways and protects mice against G. parasuis when used as an immunogen"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senyan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qigui","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinfeng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3622-5943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiping","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"San-Jie","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1344_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.017","volume":"174","author":"A Olvera","year":"2007","unstructured":"Olvera A, Segal\u00e9s J, Arag\u00f3n V (2007) Update on the diagnosis of Haemophilus parasuis infection in pigs and novel genotyping methods. 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