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In this study, we investigated the influence of <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> infection on the permeability of\u00a0the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) using different models. Our in vivo tests in a mouse model and in vitro tests using human brain microvascular endothelial cell (hBMEC) model showed that <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> infection increased murine BBB permeability in mice and hBMEC monolayer permeability. Furthermore, we observed that <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> infection resulted in decreased expression of tight junctions (ZO1, claudin-5, occludin) and adherens junctions (E-cadherin) between neighboring hBMECs. Subsequent experiments revealed that <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> infection promoted the activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1\u03b1 (HIF-1\u03b1)\/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) signaling and NF-\u03baB signaling, and suppressed the HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGFA significantly remitted the decrease in ZO1\/E-cadherin induced by <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). NF-\u03baB signaling was found to contribute to the production of chemokines such as TNF-1\u03b1, IL-\u03b2, and IL-6. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy revealed that paracellular migration might be the strategy employed by <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> to cross the BBB. This study provides the first evidence of the migration strategy used by <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic> to traverse the mammalian BBB. The data presented herein will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the zoonotic pathogen <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-024-01351-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T14:02:43Z","timestamp":1724940163000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pasteurella multocida infection induces blood\u2013brain barrier disruption by decreasing tight junctions and adherens junctions between neighbored brain microvascular endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haixin","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyao","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingjie","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dajun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengfei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanchun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5249-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1351_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2023.117470","volume":"548","author":"M Yekani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yekani M, Memar MY (2023) Immunologic biomarkers for bacterial meningitis. 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