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However, little is known about the CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell epitope with MHC B2-restricted on subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J). In this study, we explored the ALV-J-induced cellular immune response in B2 haplotype chickens in vivo. We found that ALV-J infection significantly increased the proportion of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells in chickens and up-regulated the expression of cytotoxic genes like <jats:italic>Granzyme A<\/jats:italic> and antiviral genes like <jats:italic>IFIT5<\/jats:italic> at 14 days post-infection (dpi). We selected 32 candidate peptides based on the peptide-binding motif and further identified three MHC B2-restricted CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T epitopes on ALV-J, including Pol<jats:sub>652\u2212660<\/jats:sub>, Gag<jats:sub>374\u2212382,<\/jats:sub> and Gag<jats:sub>403\u2212411<\/jats:sub> which induced significant levels of chicken IFN-\u03b3 production in splenocytes from ALV-J infected chickens using the ELISpot assay. In addition, we also verified that the three identified epitopes stimulated memory splenocytes elevating TNF-\u03b1 and IL-2 protein expression. Importantly, we found that the three positive peptides were highly conserved among ALV-A, ALV-B, ALV-E, ALV-J, and ALV-K. Taken together, we identified three MHC B2-restricted CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell epitopes on ALV-J, providing a foundation for developing effective T cell epitope vaccines targeting conserved internal viral proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-024-01426-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T11:02:29Z","timestamp":1734519749000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Revealing novel and conservative CD8+T-cell epitopes with MHC B2 restriction on ALV-J"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mulin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanyao","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6533-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manman","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1426_CR1","first-page":"2358","volume":"13","author":"S Fandi\u00f1o","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fandi\u00f1o S, Gomez-Lucia E, Ben\u00edtez L, Dom\u00e9nech A (2023) Avian leukosis: will we be able to get rid of it? 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