{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T20:08:31Z","timestamp":1779566911032,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFD1800604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1800604"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32372981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32372981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32302842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302842"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Forestry Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province","award":["2023KJCX028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KJCX028"]}]},{"name":"Specific University Discipline Construction Project","award":["2023B10564003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B10564003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a member of the \u03b3-coronavirus genus within the Coronaviridae family, is a major pathogenic threat to the global poultry industry. Most IBV infections induce severe renal pathological lesions in chickens, yet the renal metabolic perturbations triggered by IBV infection remain largely elusive. Herein, we applied a metabolomic approach to characterize the metabolic profiles of kidney tissues from IBV-infected specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. IBV infection caused profound alterations in the renal metabolome, encompassing amino acids and their derivatives, energy metabolites, and lipid molecules. Most amino acids and their derivatives were significantly downregulated at 7\u00a0days post-infection (dpi), indicating that IBV usurps host amino acid pools to support its own replication in SPF chickens. In addition, the levels of L-glutamine, D-mannose 1-phosphate, and D-galacturonate were markedly elevated post-infection, implying their potential roles in mediating host energy utilization and facilitating viral replication during IBV infection. Subsequently, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)\u2014a key bioactive lipid molecule\u2014was identified as a prominently upregulated metabolite in IBV-infected kidney tissues. Follow-up functional experiments revealed that IBV infection upregulates the S1P-S1PR1 signaling axis, and concomitantly activates the p38\/JNK\/MAPK pathway as well as the NLRP3\/caspase-1 inflammasome. Notably, S1PR1 was found to modulate the p38\/MAPK signaling pathway and NLRP3\/caspase-1 inflammasome, thereby regulating the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18. Collectively, our study delineates the comprehensive renal metabolic landscape of chickens in response to IBV infection and identifies S1PR1 as a pivotal regulatory target of IBV-induced renal inflammation. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic signaling pathways against IBV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-026-01768-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T18:45:07Z","timestamp":1779561907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Avian coronaviruses induce inflammatory responses by activating p38\/MAPK signaling and NLRP3\/caspase-1 inflammasomes through sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1768_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1637\/aviandiseases-D-21-00104","volume":"65","author":"MW Jackwood","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jackwood MW, Jordan BJ (2021) Molecular evolution of infectious bronchitis virus and the emergence of variant viruses circulating in the United States. Avian Dis 65:631\u2013636","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"1768_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.2307\/1591367","volume":"34","author":"AG Ambali","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ambali AG, Jones RC (1990) Early pathogenesis in chicks of infection with an enterotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus. Avian Dis 34:809\u2013817","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"1768_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-016-0354-9","volume":"47","author":"VRAP Reddy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reddy VRAP, Trus I, Desmarets LMB, Li Y, Theuns S, Nauwynck HJ (2016) Productive replication of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus in peripheral blood monocytic cells, a strategy for viral dissemination and kidney infection in chickens. Vet Res 47:70","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1768_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-020-04851-9","volume":"166","author":"L Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen L, Xiang B, Hong Y, Li Q, Du H, Lin Q, Liao M, Ren T, Xu C (2021) Phylogenetic analysis of infectious bronchitis virus circulating in southern China in 2016\u20132017 and evaluation of an attenuated strain as a vaccine candidate. Arch Virol 166:73\u201381","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1768_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.3390\/v15061273","volume":"15","author":"W Yuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuan W, Lv T, Jiang W, Hou Y, Wang Q, Ren J, Fan L, Xiang B, Lin Q, Ding C, Ren T, Chen L (2023) Antigenic characterization of infectious bronchitis virus in the South China during 2021\u20132022. Viruses. 15:1273","journal-title":"Viruses."},{"key":"1768_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105251","volume":"104","author":"Y Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Cai C, Li W, Liu H, Liang L (2025) Epidemiological surveillance of avian coronavirus in China in 2024. Poult Sci 104:105251","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"1768_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252317000044","volume":"18","author":"F Bande","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bande F, Arshad SS, Omar AR, Hair-Bejo M, Mahmuda A, Nair V (2017) Global distributions and strain diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus: a review. Anim Health Res Rev 18:70\u201383","journal-title":"Anim Health Res Rev"},{"key":"1768_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IN9.0000000000000069","volume":"7","author":"S Malla","year":"2025","unstructured":"Malla S, Shahreen N, Saha R (2025) Immunometabolism at the crossroads of infection: mechanistic and systems-level perspectives from host and pathogen. Immunometabolism 7:e69","journal-title":"Immunometabolism"},{"key":"1768_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177675","volume":"12","author":"SA Goldansaz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goldansaz SA, Guo AC, Sajed T, Steele MA, Plastow GS, Wishart DS (2017) Livestock metabolomics and the livestock metabolome: a systematic review. PLoS One 12:e177675","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1768_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-025-01618-5","volume":"56","author":"X Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu X, Zhao J, He S, Fang Y, Liu D, Shen T, Zhi L, Liu Z, Shi L, Hou G, Zhang R, Rong G (2025) Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis identifies host response mechanisms to oncogenic Marek\u2019s disease virus in Wenchang chickens. Vet Res 56:190","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1768_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00985-25","author":"Z Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song Z, Chen Y, Guo H, Zhang G, Gong L, Zheng Z (2025) African swine fever virus hijacks host pyrimidine metabolism to promote viral replication. J Virol 99:e0098525","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2025.2585639","volume":"16","author":"Y Ma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma Y, Yang J, Mei H, Zeng L, Yang G, Wang J, Ming S, Chu B (2025) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus activates the pentose phosphate pathway via the ROS\/HIF-1alpha\/G6PD axis to promote viral replication. Virulence 16:2585639","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"1768_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1540290","volume":"15","author":"AM Kadamthodi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kadamthodi AM, Panwar A, Shrungeswara AH, Vijayakumar P, Prasad TSK, Raut AA, Mishra A (2025) Metabolomic profiling and identification of potential biomarkers of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in chicken. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 15:1540290","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1768_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2025.102683","volume":"88","author":"AJE Martins","year":"2025","unstructured":"Martins AJE, Dos Santos TP, Santos WGS, Triozzi E, Moraes-Vieira PM (2025) Host immunometabolic regulation through viral sensing pathways. Curr Opin Microbiol 88:102683","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"1768_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.628270","volume":"7","author":"J Kuang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuang J, Xu P, Shi Y, Yang Y, Liu P, Chen S, Zhou C, Li G, Zhuang Y, Hu R, Hu G, Guo X (2020) Nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection altered the metabolome profile and immune function of the Bursa of Fabricius in chicken. Front Vet Sci 7:628270","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"1768_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9520616","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9520616","volume":"2023","author":"L Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen L, Jiang W, Wu W, Zhang S, Cai J, Lv T, Xiang B, Lin Q, Liao M, Ding C, Ren T (2023) Insights into the epidemiology, phylodynamics, and evolutionary changes of lineage GI-7 infectious Bronchitis Virus. Transbound Emerg Dis 2023:9520616","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"1768_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.02.027","volume":"144","author":"S Kuo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kuo S, Wang C, Hou M, Huang Y, Kao H, Su H (2010) Evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in Taiwan: characterisation of RNA recombination in the nucleocapsid gene. Vet Microbiol 144:293\u2013302","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"1768_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086-64.2.183","volume":"64","author":"M Ren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren M, Zhang L, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Han Z, Sun J, Liu S (2020) Genetic, antigenic, and pathogenic characteristics of infectious bronchitis virus GI-7\/TW-II in China. Avian Dis 64:183\u2013196","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"1768_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.842179","volume":"9","author":"Z Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu Z, Fang H, Xu Z, Lian J, Xie Z, Wang Z, Qin J, Huang B, Feng K, Zhang X, Lin W, Li H, Chen W, Xie Q (2022) Molecular characterization analysis of prevalent infectious bronchitis virus and pathogenicity assessment of recombination strain in China. Front Vet Sci 9:842179","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"1768_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6317","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01041","volume":"22","author":"D Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang D, Ye P, Hou Y, Wu S, Zhong S, Jin H (2025) Increased fibroblast-like synoviocyte inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis revealed by Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1-targeting PET\/CT imaging. Mol Pharm 22:6317\u20136326","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"1768_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.110455","volume":"301","author":"MV Levesque","year":"2025","unstructured":"Levesque MV, Cartier A, Lin Y, Sah RK, Zhang H, Chaube B, Bhaumik M, Korbelin J, Suarez Y, Fernandez-Hernando C, Hla T (2025) Inflamed endothelial cells express S1PR1 inhibitor CD69 to induce vascular leak. J Biol Chem 301:110455","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1768_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02094-5","volume":"84","author":"K Kitsou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kitsou K, Kokkotis G, Rivera-Nieves J, Bamias G (2024) Targeting the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway: new opportunities in inflammatory bowel disease management. Drugs 84:1179\u20131197","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1768_CR23","volume":"12","author":"H Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang H, Shen S, Yin J, Zhang P, Shi Y (2017) Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) agonist CYM5442 inhibits expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) in endothelial cells infected with influenza A viruses. PLoS One 12:e175188","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1768_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-24233-y","volume":"15","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Zhu M, Zhang X, Zhang D (2025) PTPRK promotes resiniferatoxin-induced postherpetic neuralgia via activating DUSP1\/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in dorsal root ganglia. Sci Rep 15:40630","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1768_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.108171","volume":"210","author":"I Woo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Woo I, Cha S, Lee N, Jang HJ, Paik H (2025) Paraprobiotic Levilactobacillus brevis WB2357 attenuates TNF-alpha\/IFN-gamma-induced inflammation via NF-kappaB\/p38 MAPK, STAT3 and HO-1 signaling pathways. Microb Pathog 210:108171","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"1768_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2025.09.009","volume":"159","author":"L Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang L, Sy LB, Liu J, Chang T, Lin J, Chang C (2025) Lutein reduces cisplatin-induced intestinal inflammation by inhibiting ROS-mediated MAPK\/NF-kappaB pathways. J Pharmacol Sci 159:292\u2013300","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"1768_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157362","volume":"148","author":"R Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li R, Liu Y, Li G, Zhang J, Luo Y, Zhou B, Wang X, Li J (2025) Chebulinic acid from Chebulae fructus alleviates influenza virus-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting IDO1-Kyn axis activation. Phytomedicine 148:157362","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1768_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202501156RR","volume":"39","author":"JC Burton","year":"2025","unstructured":"Burton JC, Fahey DL, Royer FT, Zhu Y, Sakamoto K, Zhang D, Watford WT, Grimsey NJ (2025) Role of atypical MAPK p38 signaling in the progression of influenza A-induced acute lung injury. FASEB J 39:e71075","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"1768_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-07834-5","volume":"15","author":"W Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang W, Zhao Y, Li S, Wu T, Hu K, Liu W, Cheng C, Fu X, Xu G (2025) M464 inhibits activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory response in mice. Sci Rep 15:33878","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1768_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2006055","volume":"38","author":"D Cavanagh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cavanagh D (2007) Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus. Vet Res 38:281\u2013297","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1768_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8757-3_3","volume":"1859","author":"CJ Joshua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Joshua CJ (2019) Metabolomics: a microbial physiology and metabolism perspective. Methods Mol Biol 1859:71\u201394","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"1768_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11100962","author":"P Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu P, Yin Y, Gong Y, Qiu X, Sun Y, Tan L, Song C, Liu W, Liao Y, Meng C, Ding C (2019) In vitro and in vivo metabolomic profiling after infection with virulent Newcastle disease virus. Viruses 11:962","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1768_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.599087","volume":"10","author":"H Gou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gou H, Bian Z, Li Y, Cai R, Jiang Z, Song S, Zhang K, Chu P, Yang D, Li C (2020) Metabolomics exploration of pseudorabies virus reprogramming metabolic profiles of PK-15 cells to enhance viral replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10:599087","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1768_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2019.10.018","volume":"307","author":"J Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin J, Yi X, Zhuang Y (2020) Coupling metabolomics analysis and DOE optimization strategy towards enhanced IBDV production by chicken embryo fibroblast DF-1 cells. J Biotechnol 307:114\u2013124","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"key":"1768_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01919-21","volume":"96","author":"Q Xue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xue Q, Liu H, Zhu Z, Yang F, Song Y, Li Z, Xue Z, Cao W, Liu X, Zheng H (2022) African swine fever virus regulates host energy and amino acid metabolism to promote viral replication. J Virol 96:e191921","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103259","volume":"103","author":"M Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang M, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Wang R, Wei X (2024) Comparative proteomics analysis of kidney in chicken infected by infectious bronchitis virus. Poult Sci 103:103259","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"1768_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2415","volume":"33","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang L, Liu J, Xiao E, Han Q, Wang L (2023) Sphingosine-1-phosphate related signalling pathways manipulating virus replication. Rev Med Virol 33:e2415","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2022.0071","volume":"41","author":"JJ Wolf","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wolf JJ, Saba JD, Hahm B (2022) Analyzing opposing interactions between sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase and influenza A Virus. DNA Cell Biol 41:331\u2013335","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"1768_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01880-24","volume":"99","author":"JK Brockhurst","year":"2025","unstructured":"Brockhurst JK, Salciccioli BE, Griffin DE (2025) Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling mediates shedding of measles virus-infected respiratory epithelial cells. J Virol 99:e188024","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99765-0","volume":"11","author":"D Gowda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gowda D, Ohno M, Gowda BSG, Chiba H, Shingai M, Kida H, Hui S (2021) Defining the kinetic effects of infection with influenza virus A\/PR8\/34 (H1N1) on sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in mice by targeted LC\/MS. Sci Rep 11:20161","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1768_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.08.015","volume":"146","author":"JR Teijaro","year":"2011","unstructured":"Teijaro JR, Walsh KB, Cahalan S, Fremgen DM, Roberts E, Scott F, Martinborough E, Peach R, Oldstone MBA, Rosen H (2011) Endothelial cells are central orchestrators of cytokine amplification during influenza virus infection. Cell 146:980\u2013991","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1768_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6059203","volume":"2017","author":"C Olesch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olesch C, Ringel C, Brune B, Weigert A (2017) Beyond immune cell migration: the emerging role of the Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1PR4 as a modulator of innate immune cell activation. Mediators Inflamm 2017:6059203","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"1768_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/565369","volume":"2014","author":"Y Kong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kong Y, Wang H, Lin T, Wang S (2014) Sphingosine-1-phosphate\/S1P receptors signaling modulates cell migration in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mediators Inflamm 2014:565369","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"1768_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.865283","volume":"12","author":"N Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li N, Huang C, Chen W, Li Z, Hu G, Li G, Liu P, Hu R, Zhuang Y, Luo J, Gao X, Guo X (2022) Nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus mediates kidney injury in chickens via the TLR7\/NF-kappaB signaling axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 12:865283","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1768_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-016-0603-2","volume":"76","author":"H Tsai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsai H, Han MH (2016) Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P signaling pathway: therapeutic targets in autoimmunity and inflammation. Drugs 76:1067\u20131079","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1768_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00096-22","volume":"96","author":"RS Resop","year":"2022","unstructured":"Resop RS, Bosque A (2022) Pharmacological targeting of sphingosine kinases impedes HIV-1 infection of CD4 T cells through SAMHD1 modulation. J Virol 96:e9622","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02485-5","volume":"23","author":"K Choe","year":"2025","unstructured":"Choe K, Ahmad R, Kang MH, Lee HJ, Ahmad S, Park TJ, Kim MO (2025) The novel sphingolipids cP1P and P1P attenuate neuroinflammation and enhance S1PR1\/Akt\/mTOR signaling to mitigate cognitive decline in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse model. Cell Commun Signal 23:482","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"1768_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13535","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S544019","volume":"18","author":"S Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang S, Du Y, Zhang H, Duan X, Li L (2025) Mechanistic insights into Qin Bi Yin for psoriasis treatment using network pharmacology, experimental validation, and molecular docking. J Inflamm Res 18:13535\u201313554","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1768_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-022-01078-1","volume":"53","author":"P Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao P, Zhang S, Zhang X, Xu C, Chen L, Fan L, Ren J, Lin Q, Xiang B, Ren T (2022) S1PR1 regulates NDV-induced IL-1beta expression via NLRP3\/caspase-1 inflammasome. Vet Res 53:58","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1768_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197835","volume":"276","author":"K Graber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Graber K, Khan F, Gluck B, Weigel C, Marzo S, Doshi H, Ehrhardt C, Heller R, Graler M, Henke A (2020) The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in HSV-1-infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Virus Res 276:197835","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"1768_CR51","volume":"96","author":"W Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen W, Huang C, Shi Y, Li N, Wang E, Hu R, Li G, Yang F, Zhuang Y, Liu P, Hu G, Gao X, Guo X (2022) Investigation of the crosstalk between GRP78\/PERK\/ATF-4 signaling pathway and renal apoptosis induced by nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection. J Virol 96:e142921","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01466-25","volume":"99","author":"M Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang M, Liukang C, Liang R, Li Y, Yang R, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Zhang G (2025) Avian coronavirus IBV-induced activation of the NLRP3-Caspase-1-IL-1\u03b2 axis in renal collecting ducts contributes to nephropathogenesis. J Virol 99:e146625","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1768_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.08.105","volume":"336","author":"SG Fang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fang SG, Shen S, Tay FPL, Liu DX (2005) Selection of and recombination between minor variants lead to the adaptation of an avian coronavirus to primate cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 336:417\u2013423","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1768_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105971","volume":"104","author":"H Xiao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xiao H, Yan X, Yu S, Chen J, Lai L, Lin Q, Ren T, Liang Z, Chen L (2025) A strain of avian coronavirus of the GVII lineage capable of infecting African green monkey kidney cell lines (Vero) and chicken embryo fibroblast cell lines (DF-1). Poult Sci 104:105971","journal-title":"Poult Sci"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01768-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01768-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01768-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T20:02:11Z","timestamp":1779566531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01768-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1768"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01768-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1297-9716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1297-9716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"83"}}