{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T04:18:41Z","timestamp":1783397921589,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute for Tropical Health  University of Navarra"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018693","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["REPRODIVAC project under Grant Agreement No. 10106081 through the HORIZON-CL6-2021-FARM2FORK-01-06 Call"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REPRODIVAC project under Grant Agreement No. 10106081 through the HORIZON-CL6-2021-FARM2FORK-01-06 Call"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022434","name":"Walloon excellence in life sciences and biotechnology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001395","name":"Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2023-146797OB-C31 financed by MCIN\/AEI\/10.1303910.13039\/501100011033 and FEDER, UE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-146797OB-C31 financed by MCIN\/AEI\/10.1303910.13039\/501100011033 and FEDER, UE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2023-146797OB-C31 financed by MCIN\/AEI\/10.1303910.13039\/501100011033 and FEDER, UE ,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-146797OB-C31 financed by MCIN\/AEI\/10.1303910.13039\/501100011033 and FEDER, UE ,"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogens responsible for brucellosis, a widespread zoonosis. Among them,\n                    <jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    are the most epidemiologically relevant species, primarily infecting sheep and goats, and cattle, respectively. Upon infection, brucellae multiply within phagocytes and develop placental tropism, particularly targeting trophoblasts. Most studies of\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogenesis and vaccine development have relied on murine or human-derived epithelial and macrophagic cell lines, which may not fully reproduce the natural ruminant host. Here, we investigated whether the intracellular behaviour described for\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    in non-natural-host models also occurs in ruminant trophoblasts (AH-1 and F3 cells) and macrophages (BoMac cells). Using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and bacteriological assays, we observed similar infection rates for\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . By 24\u00a0hours post-infection\u00a0(hpi), both species had transitioned to LAMP1-negative\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -containing vacuoles, with active replication occurring within calnexin-positive compartments. These results confirm that the\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    intracellular trafficking previously described in non-natural-host models is conserved in these ruminant cells. Additionally, we characterised for the first time the intracellular behaviour of the Rev1 vaccine strain. Although its initial rate of infection was comparable to\n                    <jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    16M, Rev1 exhibited a delay in LAMP1-exclusion from the\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -containing vacuole, with most bacteria remaining in LAMP1-positive compartments at 24\u00a0hpi, and showed delayed initiation of replication. These findings, together with slower in vitro growth, suggest that the Rev1 attenuation results from both delayed intracellular trafficking and impaired intracellular fitness. Our results advance the understanding of\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogenesis in natural-host and shed light on Rev1 attenuation, offering key insights to enhance current brucellosis vaccines.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-026-01781-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T04:02:45Z","timestamp":1783396965000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathogenesis of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in bovine and ovine-derived trophoblasts and macrophages and impaired intracellular trafficking of the Rev1 vaccine strain"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Aitor","family":"Elizalde-Bielsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maite","family":"Loperena-Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Pfarrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzana P.","family":"Salcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaia","family":"Z\u00fa\u00f1iga-Ripa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Conde-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1781_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00213","volume":"5","author":"E Moreno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moreno E (2014) Retrospective and prospective perspectives on zoonotic brucellosis. Front Microbiol 5:213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00213","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1134\/S106235901007006X","volume":"37","author":"MM Zheludkov","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zheludkov MM, Tsirelson LE (2010) Reservoirs of Brucella infection in nature. Biol Bull 37:709\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1134\/S106235901007006X","journal-title":"Biol Bull"},{"key":"1781_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blasco, Moreno E, Moriy\u00f3n I (2021) Brucellosis vaccines and vaccine candidates. In: Metwally S, Vilioen GJ, El Idrissi A (eds) Veterinary Vaccines. Principles and Applications, 1st Edition. FAO: Rome, Italy; Wiley & Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA, pp 295\u2013316","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119506287.ch22"},{"key":"1781_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-43-29","volume":"43","author":"MJ Grill\u00f3","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grill\u00f3 MJ, Blasco JM, Gorvel JP, Moriy\u00f3n I, Moreno E (2012) What have we learned from brucellosis in the mouse model? Vet Res 43:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1297-9716-43-29","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1781_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12050866","volume":"12","author":"A Elizalde-Bielsa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elizalde-Bielsa A, Mu\u00f1oz PM, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga-Ripa A, Conde-\u00c1lvarez R (2024) A review on the methodology and use of the pregnant mouse model in the study of Brucella reproductive pathogenesis and its abortifacient effect. Microorganisms 12:866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms12050866","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"1781_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-9571(95)00018-6","volume":"19","author":"LE Samartino","year":"1996","unstructured":"Samartino LE, Enright FM (1996) Brucella abortus differs in the multiplication within bovine chorioallantoic membrane explants from early and late gestation. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 19:55\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0147-9571(95)00018-6","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"1781_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.634458","author":"I Pastor-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pastor-Fern\u00e1ndez I, Collantes-Fern\u00e1ndez E, Jim\u00e9nez-Pelayo L, Ortega-Mora LM, Horcajo P (2021) Modeling the ruminant placenta-pathogen interactions in apicomplexan parasites: current and future perspectives. Front Vet Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.634458","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"1781_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01554-07","volume":"76","author":"AV Carvalho Neta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carvalho Neta AV, Stynen APR, Paix\u00e3o TA, Miranda KL, Silva FL, Roux CM, Tsolis RM, Everts RE, Lewin HA, Adams LG, Carvalho AF, Lage AP, Santos RL (2008) Modulation of the bovine trophoblastic innate immune response by Brucella abortus. Infect Immun 76:1897\u20131907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.01554-07","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdev.2024.203970","volume":"180","author":"B Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu B, Ren S, An H, Liang Y, Sheng X, Qi X, Xiao L, Wang X (2024) Establishment of functional trophoblast organoids from trophoblast cells of bovine placenta. Cells Dev 180:203970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cdev.2024.203970","journal-title":"Cells Dev"},{"key":"1781_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5711","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5711-5724.1998","volume":"66","author":"J Pizarro-Cerd\u00e1","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pizarro-Cerd\u00e1 J, M\u00e9resse S, Parton RG, Van der Goot G, Sola-Landa A, Lopez-Go\u00f1i I, Moreno E, Gorvel J (1998) Brucella abortus transits through the autophagic pathway and replicates in the endoplasmic reticulum of nonprofessional phagocytes. Infect Immun 66:5711\u20135724","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2001.00102.x","volume":"3","author":"DJ Comerci","year":"2001","unstructured":"Comerci DJ, Martinez-Lorenzo MJ, Sieira R, Gorvel JP, Ugalde RA (2001) Essential role of the VirB machinery in the maturation of the Brucella abortus-containing vacuole. Cell Microbiol 3:159\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2001.00102.x","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030088","volume":"198","author":"J Celli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Celli J, de Chastellier C, Franchini DM, Pizarro-Cerd\u00e1 J, Moreno E, Gorvel JP (2003) Brucella evades macrophage killing via VirB-dependent sustained interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum. J Exp Med 198:545\u2013556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20030088","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1781_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2008.00718.x","volume":"9","author":"T Starr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Starr T, Ng TW, Wehrly TD, Knodler LA, Celli J (2008) Brucella intracellular replication requires trafficking through the late endosomal\/lysosomal compartment. Traffic 9:678\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2008.00718.x","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"1781_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2002.00221.x","volume":"4","author":"E Chaves-Olarte","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chaves-Olarte E, Guzm\u00e1n-Verri C, M\u00e9resse S, Desjardins M, Pizarro-Cerd\u00e1 J, Badilla J, Gorvel JP, Moreno E (2002) Activation of Rho and Rab GTPases dissociates Brucella abortus internalization from intracellular trafficking. Cell Microbiol 4:663\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2002.00221.x","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4041","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.8.4041-4047.1999","volume":"67","author":"F Porte","year":"1999","unstructured":"Porte F, Liautard J-P, K\u00f6hler S (1999) Early acidification of phagosomes containing Brucella suis is essential for intracellular survival in murine macrophages. Infect Immun 67:4041\u20134047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.67.8.4041-4047.1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.032514299","volume":"99","author":"ML Boschiroli","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boschiroli ML, Ouahrani-Bettache S, Foulongne V, Michaux-Charachon S, Bourg G, Allardet-Servent A, Cazevieille C, Liautard JP, Ramuz M, O\u2019Callaghan D (2002) The Brucella suis virB operon is induced intracellularly in macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:1544\u20131549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.032514299","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1781_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406873102","volume":"102","author":"J Celli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Celli J, Salcedo SP, Gorvel JP (2005) Brucella coopts the small GTPase Sar1 for intracellular replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:1673\u20131678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0406873102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1781_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.12.002","volume":"11","author":"T Starr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Starr T, Child R, Wehrly TD, Hansen B, Hwang S, L\u00f3pez-Otin C, Virgin HW, Celli J (2012) Selective subversion of autophagy complexes facilitates completion of the Brucella intracellular cycle. Cell Host Microbe 11:33\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2011.12.002","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"1781_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003556","volume":"9","author":"S Myeni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Myeni S, Child R, Ng TW, Kupko JJ, Wehrly TD, Porcella SF, Knodler LA, Celli J (2013) Brucella modulates secretory trafficking via multiple Type IV secretion effector proteins. PLoS Pathog 9:e1003556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003556","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"1781_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03338-22","volume":"14","author":"JM Spera","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spera JM, Guaimas F, Czibener C, Ugalde JE (2023) Brucella egresses from host cells exploiting multivesicular bodies. mBio 14:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.03338-22","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"1781_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2023.2246354","volume":"00","author":"J Verbeke","year":"2023","unstructured":"Verbeke J, De Bolle X, Arnould T (2023) When mitophagy dictates the outcome of cellular infection: the case of Brucella abortus. Autophagy 19:3022-3023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15548627.2023.2246354","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"1781_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.5.2387-2392.1998","volume":"66","author":"J Pizarro-Cerd\u00e1","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pizarro-Cerd\u00e1 J, Moreno E, Sanguedolce V, Mege JL, Gorvel JP (1998) Virulent Brucella abortus prevents lysosome fusion and is distributed within autophagosome-like compartments. Infect Immun 66:2387\u20132392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.66.5.2387-2392.1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000631","volume":"2","author":"E Barquero-Calvo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Barquero-Calvo E, Moreno E, Guzm\u00e1n-Verri C, Moriy\u00f3n I, Rucavado A, Chac\u00f3n-D\u00edaz C, Weiss DS, Chaves-Olarte E (2007) Brucella abortus uses a stealthy strategy to avoid activation of the innate immune system during the onset of infection. PLoS One 2:e631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0000631","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1781_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588602300301","volume":"23","author":"TD Anderson","year":"1986","unstructured":"Anderson TD, Meador VP, Cheville NF (1986) Pathogenesis of placentitis in the goat inoculated with Brucella abortus. I. Gross and histologic lesions. Vet Pathol 23:219\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/030098588602300301","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"1781_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-9571(93)90001-L","volume":"16","author":"LE Samartino","year":"1993","unstructured":"Samartino LE, Enright FM (1993) Pathogenesis of abortion of bovine brucellosis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 16:95\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0147-9571(93)90001-L","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"1781_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(91)90040-H","volume":"11","author":"F Sangari","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sangari F, Ag\u00fcero J (1991) Mutagenesis of Brucella abortus: comparative efficiency of three transposon delivery systems. Microb Pathog 11:443\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0882-4010(91)90040-H","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"1781_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Esquivel M, Ruiz-Villalobos N, Castillo-Zeled\u00f3n A, Jim\u00e9nez-Rojas C, Roop R II, Comerci DJ, Barquero-Calo E, Chac\u00f3n-D\u00edaz C, Caswell CC, Baker KS, Chaves-Olarte E, Thomson NR, Moreno E, Letesson JJ, De Bolle X, Guzm\u00e1n-Berri C (2016) Brucella abortus strain 2308 Wisconsin genome: importance of the definition of reference strains. Front Microbiol 7:1557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01557","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01557"},{"key":"1781_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002760","volume":"3","author":"D Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez D, Grill\u00f3 M-J, De Miguel M-J, Ali T, Arce-Gorvel V, Delrue RM, Conde-\u00c1lvarez R, Mu\u00f1oz P, L\u00f3pez-Go\u00f1i I, Iriarte M, Mar\u00edn CM, Weintraub A, Widmalm G, Zygmunt M, Letesson J-J, Gorvel J-P, Blasco J-M, Moriy\u00f3n I (2008) Brucellosis vaccines: assessment of Brucella melitensis lipopolysaccharide rough mutants defective in core and O-Polysaccharide synthesis and export. PLoS One 3:e2760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002760","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1781_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2005.11.004","volume":"112","author":"GJ Haldorson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haldorson GJ, Stanton JB, Mathison BA, Suarez CE, Baszler TV (2006) Neospora caninum: antibodies directed against tachyzoite surface protein NcSRS2 inhibit parasite attachment and invasion of placental trophoblasts in vitro. Exp Parasitol 112:172\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2005.11.004","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"1781_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.05.046","volume":"68","author":"PS Bridger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bridger PS, Haupt S, Klisch K, Leiser R, Tinneberg HR, Pfarrer C (2007) Validation of primary epitheloid cell cultures isolated from bovine placental caruncles and cotyledons. Theriogenology 68:592\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.05.046","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1781_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2009.10.011","volume":"31","author":"N Hambruch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hambruch N, Haeger JD, Dilly M, Pfarrer C (2010) EGF stimulates proliferation in the bovine placental trophoblast cell line F3 via Ras and MAPK. Placenta 31:67\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2009.10.011","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"1781_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(94)05348-V","volume":"45","author":"JR Stabel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stabel JR, Stabel TJ (1995) Immortalization and characterization of bovine peritoneal macrophages transfected with SV40 plasmid DNA. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 45:211\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-2427(94)05348-V","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"1781_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.24","volume":"1","author":"K-H Choi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Choi K-H, Schweizer HP (2006) Mini-Tn7 insertion in bacteria with single attTn7 sites: example Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nat Protoc 1:153\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nprot.2006.24","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"1781_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13053","volume":"66","author":"A Zabalza-Barangu\u00e1","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zabalza-Barangu\u00e1 A, San-Rom\u00e1n B, Chac\u00f3n-D\u00edaz C, Miguel M, Mu\u00f1oz P, Iriarte M, Blasco J, Grill\u00f3 MJ (2019) GFP tagging of Brucella melitensis Rev1 allows the identification of vaccinated sheep. Transbound Emerg Dis 66:505\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tbed.13053","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"1781_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit007","volume":"207","author":"SP Salcedo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salcedo SP, Chevrier N, Lacerda TLS, Ben Amara A, Gerart S, Gorvel VA, de Chastellier C, Blasco JM, Mege JL, Gorvel JP (2013) Pathogenic Brucellae replicate in human trophoblasts. J Infect Dis 207:1075\u20131083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jit007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1781_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01088","volume":"8","author":"T Barbier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barbier T, Machelart A, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga-Ripa A, Plovier H, Hougardy C, Lobet E, Willemart K, Muraille E, De Bolle X, Van Schaftingen E, Moriy\u00f3n I, Letesson JJ (2017) Erythritol availability in bovine, murine and human models highlights a potential role for the host aldose reductase during Brucella infection. Front Microbiol 8:1088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01088","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2105324118","volume":"118","author":"J-B Luizet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luizet J-B, Raymond J, Lacerda TLS, Barbieux E, Kambarev S, Bonici M, Lembo F, Willemart K, Borg JP, Celli J, G\u00e9rard FCA, Muraille E, Gorvel JP, Salcedo SP (2021) The Brucella effector BspL targets the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway and delays bacterial egress from infected cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 118:2105324118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2105324118","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1781_CR38","unstructured":"WOAH (2023) Brucellosis (infection with Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis). In: Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals"},{"key":"1781_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4962","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.18.4962-4970.2002","volume":"184","author":"M Eschenbrenner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eschenbrenner M, Wagner MA, Horn TA, Kraycer JA, Mujer CV, Hagius S, Elzer P, DelVecchio VG (2002) Comparative proteome analysis of Brucella melitensis vaccine strain Rev 1 and a virulent strain, 16M. J Bacteriol 184:4962\u20134970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.184.18.4962-4970.2002","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"1781_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.059","volume":"34","author":"MN Issa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Issa MN, Ashhab Y (2016) Identification of Brucella melitensis Rev. 1 vaccine-strain genetic markers: towards understanding the molecular mechanism behind virulence attenuation. Vaccine 34:4884\u20134891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.059","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1781_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2018.1511677","volume":"9","author":"M Salmon-Divon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salmon-Divon M, Yeheskel A, Kornspan D (2018) Genomic analysis of the original Elberg Brucella melitensis Rev. 1 vaccine strain reveals insights into virulence attenuation. Virulence 9:1436\u20131448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21505594.2018.1511677","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"1781_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186561","volume":"12","author":"AG Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez AG, Hielpos MS, Ferrero MC, Fossati CA, Baldi PC (2017) Proinflammatory response of canine trophoblasts to Brucella canis infection. PLoS One 12:e0186561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0186561","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1781_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.13019","volume":"21","author":"KB Garc\u00eda-M\u00e9ndez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-M\u00e9ndez KB, Hielpos SM, Soler-Llorens PF, Arce-Gorvel V, Hale C, Gorvel J, O\u2019Callaghan D, Keriel A (2019) Infection by Brucella melitensis or Brucella papionis modifies essential physiological functions of human trophoblasts. Cell Microbiol 21:e13019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cmi.13019","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-021-00953-7","volume":"52","author":"M Fern\u00e1ndez-Escobar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Escobar M, Calero-Bernal R, Regidor-Cerrillo J, Vallejo R, Benavides J, Collantes-Fern\u00e1ndez E, Ortega-Mora L (2021) In vivo and in vitro models show unexpected degrees of virulence among Toxoplasma gondii type II and III isolates from sheep. Vet Res 52:82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13567-021-00953-7","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1781_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2019.09.006","volume":"126","author":"L del R\u00edo","year":"2019","unstructured":"del R\u00edo L, Salinas J, Buend\u00eda AJ, Garc\u00eda-Conesa M-T (2019) The inhibitory effect of flavonoids and their gut-derived metabolites on the replication of Chlamydia abortus in the AH-1 ovine trophoblast cell line. Res Vet Sci 126:199\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rvsc.2019.09.006","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"1781_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102386","volume":"9","author":"N Wheelhouse","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wheelhouse N, Coyle C, Barlow PG, Mitchell S, Greub G, Baszler T, Rae M, Longbottom D (2014) Waddlia chondrophila infects and multiplies in ovine trophoblast cells stimulating an inflammatory immune response. PLoS One 9:e102386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0102386","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1781_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680109400605","volume":"94","author":"G Entrican","year":"2001","unstructured":"Entrican G, Buxton D, Longbottom D (2001) Chlamydial infection in sheep: Immune control versus fetal pathology. J R Soc Med 94:273\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014107680109400605","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"1781_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00031-06","volume":"20","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Schares G, Ortega-Mora LM (2007) Epidemiology and control of neosporosis and Neospora caninum. Clin Microbiol Rev 20:323\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00031-06","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"1781_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109195","volume":"286","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Murata FHA, Cerqueira-C\u00e9zar CK, Kwok O, Su C (2020) Economic and public health importance of Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep: 2009\u20132020. Vet Parasitol 286:109195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109195","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"1781_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2409-9","volume":"10","author":"L Jim\u00e9nez-Pelayo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez-Pelayo L, Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez M, Regidor-Cerrillo J, Horcajo P, Collantes-Fern\u00e1ndez E, G\u00f3mez-Bautista M, Hambruch N, Pfarrer C, Ortega-Mora L (2017) Differential susceptibility of bovine caruncular and trophoblast cell lines to infection with high and low virulence isolates of Neospora caninum. Parasit Vectors 10:463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-017-2409-9","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"1781_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-017-0430-9","volume":"48","author":"K Sobotta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sobotta K, Bonkowski K, Liebler-Tenorio E, Germon P, Rainard P, Hambruch N, Pfarrer C, Jacobsen I, Menge C (2017) Permissiveness of bovine epithelial cells from lung, intestine, placenta and udder for infection with Coxiella burnetii. Vet Res 48:23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13567-017-0430-9","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"1781_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00089","volume":"7","author":"M Alonso-Hearn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alonso-Hearn M, Abenda\u00f1o N, Ruvira MA, Aznar R, Landin M, Juste R (2017) Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) fatty acids profile is strain-dependent and changes upon host macrophages infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00089","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1421585","volume":"15","author":"D Lu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lu D, Chen J, Zhang M, Fu Y, Raheem A, Chen Y, Chen X, Hu C, Chen J, Schieck E, Zhao G, Guo A (2024) Identification of potential nucleomodulins of Mycoplasma bovis by direct biotinylation and proximity-based biotinylation approaches. Front Microbiol 15:1421585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1421585","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-015-0454-0","volume":"15","author":"C Guldimann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guldimann C, B\u00e4rtschi M, Frey J, Zurbriggen A, Seuberlich T, Oevermann A (2015) Increased spread and replication efficiency of Listeria monocytogenes in organotypic brain-slices is related to multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) complex. BMC Microbiol 15:134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-015-0454-0","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00420","volume":"9","author":"K Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang K, Fresno AH, Skov S, Olsen JE (2020) Dynamics and outcome of macrophage interaction between Salmonella Gallinarum, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Dublin and macrophages from chicken and cattle. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9:420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00420","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286526","volume":"18","author":"Z Durrani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Durrani Z, Kinnaird J, Cheng CW, Br\u00fchlmann F, Capewell P, Jackson A, Larcombe S, Olias P, Weir W, Shiels B (2023) A parasite DNA binding protein with potential to influence disease susceptibility acts as an analogue of mammalian HMGA transcription factors. PLoS One 18:e0286526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0286526","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1781_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00440-24","author":"PP Kar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kar PP, Araveti PB, Saxena K, Borah A, Sijwali P, Srivastava A (2024) Cimicifugin, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of Theileria annulata and Plasmodium falciparum CDK7. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 68:e0044024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.00440-24","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"1781_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2024.105625","volume":"123","author":"M Loperena-Barber","year":"2024","unstructured":"Loperena-Barber M, Elizalde-Bielsa A, Salvador-Besc\u00f3s M, Ruiz-Rodr\u00edguez P, Pellegrini JM, Renau-M\u00ednguez C, Lancaster R, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga-Ripa A, Iriarte M, Bengoechea JA, Coscoll\u00e1 M, Gorvel JP, Moriy\u00f3n I, Conde-\u00c1lvarez R (2024) Phylogenomic insights into Brucellaceae: the Pseudochrobactrum algeriensis case. Infect Genet Evol 123:105625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2024.105625","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"1781_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85123-7","volume":"11","author":"C Tang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tang C, Liu C, Maffei B, Niragire B, Cohen H, Kane A, Donnadieu AC, Levy-Zauberman Y, Vernay T, Hugueny J, Vincens E, Louis-Sylvestre C, Subtil A, Wu Y (2021) Primary ectocervical epithelial cells display lower permissivity to Chlamydia trachomatis than HeLa cells and a globally higher pro-inflammatory profile. Sci Rep 11:5848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-85123-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1781_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05619-11","volume":"80","author":"J R\u00f6del","year":"2012","unstructured":"R\u00f6del J, Gro\u00dfe C, Yu H, Wolf K, Otto GP, Liebler-Tenorio E, Forsbach-Birk V, Straube E (2012) Persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection of HeLa cells mediates apoptosis resistance through a Chlamydia protease-like activity factor-independent mechanism and induces High Mobility Group Box 1 release. Infect Immun 80:195\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.05619-11","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12993","volume":"21","author":"M Ohmer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ohmer M, Tzivelekidis T, Niedenf\u00fchr N, Volceanov-Hahn L, Barth S, Vier J, B\u00f6rries M, Busch H, Kook L, Biniossek M, Schilling O, Kirschnek S, H\u00e4cker G (2019) Infection of HeLa cells with Chlamydia trachomatis inhibits protein synthesis and causes multiple changes to host cell pathways. Cell Microbiol 21:12993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cmi.12993","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.559915","volume":"10","author":"J Pechstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pechstein J, Schulze-Luehrmann J, Bisle S, Cantet F, Beare PA, \u00d6lke M, Bonazzi M, Berens C, L\u00fchrmann A (2020) The Coxiella burnetii T4SS effector AnkF is important for intracellular replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10:559915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.559915","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00493-19","volume":"87","author":"HE Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller HE, Hoyt FH, Heinzen RA (2019) Replication of Coxiella burnetii in a lysosome-like vacuole does not require lysosomal hydrolases. Infect Immun 87:00493-19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00493-19","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6801","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1921344117","volume":"117","author":"P Newton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Newton P, Thomas DR, Reed SCO, Lau N, Xu B, Ong SY, Pasricha S, Madhamshettiwar PB, Edgington-Mitchell LE, Simpson KJ, Roy C, Newton HJ (2020) Lysosomal degradation products induce Coxiella burnetii virulence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117:6801\u20136810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1921344117","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1781_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.082761eb","volume":"54","author":"E Bevilacqua","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bevilacqua E, Hoshida MS, Amarante-Paffaro A, Albieri-Borges A, Gomes SZ (2010) Trophoblast phagocytic program: roles in different placental systems. Int J Dev Biol 54:495\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1387\/ijdb.082761eb","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"1781_CR66","first-page":"107","volume":"22","author":"E Bevilacqua","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bevilacqua E, Abrahamsohn PA (1989) Trophoblast invasion during implantation of the mouse embryo. Arch Biol Med Exp 22:107\u2013118","journal-title":"Arch Biol Med Exp"},{"key":"1781_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0590425","volume":"59","author":"FBP Wooding","year":"1980","unstructured":"Wooding FBP, Wathes DC (1980) Binucleate cell migration in the bovine placentome. Reproduction 59:425\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/jrf.0.0590425","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"1781_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(82)80033-7","volume":"3","author":"GJ Burton","year":"1982","unstructured":"Burton GJ (1982) Placental uptake of maternal erythrocytes: a comparative study. Placenta 3:407\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0143-4004(82)80033-7","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"1781_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.29.5.451","volume":"29","author":"T Smith","year":"1919","unstructured":"Smith T (1919) A characteristic localization of Bacillus abortus in the bovine fetal membranes. J Exp Med 29:451\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.29.5.451","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1781_CR70","first-page":"226","volume":"124","author":"TD Anderson","year":"1986","unstructured":"Anderson TD, Cheville NF (1986) Ultrastructural morphometric analysis of Brucella abortus-infected trophoblasts in experimental placentitis. Bacterial replication occurs in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Am J Pathol 124:226\u2013237","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1781_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1017\/S0965539515000066","volume":"25","author":"MB Vigliani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vigliani MB, Bakardjiev AI (2014) Intracellular organisms as placental invaders. Fetal Matern Med Rev 25:332\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0965539515000066","journal-title":"Fetal Matern Med Rev"},{"key":"1781_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2011.11.006","volume":"15","author":"JR Robbins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Robbins JR, Bakardjiev AI (2012) Pathogens and the placental fortress. Curr Opin Microbiol 15:36\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mib.2011.11.006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00801-17","volume":"86","author":"DE Lowe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lowe DE, Robbins JR, Bakardjiev AI (2018) Animal and human tissue models of vertical Listeria monocytogenes transmission and implications for other pregnancy-associated infections. Infect Immun 86:e00801-17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00801-17","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8353","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.12.8353-8361.2005","volume":"73","author":"PSG Chain","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chain PSG, Comerci DJ, Tolmasky ME, Larimer FW, Malfatti SA, Vergez LM, Ag\u00fcero F, Land ML, Ugalde RA, Garc\u00eda E (2005) Whole-genome analyses of speciation events in pathogenic Brucellae. Infect Immun 73:8353\u20138361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.73.12.8353-8361.2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1781_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.115.131706","volume":"94","author":"AG Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez AG, Ferrero MC, Hielpos MS, Fossati CA, Baldi PC (2016) Proinflammatory response of human trophoblastic cells to Brucella abortus infection and upon interactions with infected phagocytes. Biol Reprod 94:48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.115.131706","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"1781_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3688","volume":"12","author":"H Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang H, Dou X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Guo F, Wang Y, Wang Z, Li T, Gu X, Chen C (2016) Expression and regulation of the ery operon of Brucella melitensis in human trophoblast cells. Exp Ther Med 12:2723\u20132728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2016.3688","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"1781_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-019-01651-6","volume":"76","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang J, Li M, Li Z, Shi J, Zhang Y, Deng X, Liu L, Wang Z, Qi Y, Zhang H (2019) Deletion of the type IV secretion system effector VceA promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in Brucella-infected human trophoblast cells. Curr Microbiol 76:510\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-019-01651-6","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"key":"1781_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002005","volume":"7","author":"VB Zeldovich","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zeldovich VB, Robbins JR, Kapidzic M, Lauer P, Bakardjiev AI (2011) Invasive extravillous trophoblasts restrict intracellular growth and spread of Listeria monocytogenes. PLoS Pathog 7:e1002005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002005","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"1781_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.73.2.211-217.1957","volume":"73","author":"SS Elberg","year":"1957","unstructured":"Elberg SS, Faunce K (1957) Immunization against Brucella infection. VI. Immunity conferred on goats by a nondependent mutant from a streptomycin-dependent mutant strain of Brucella melitensis. J Bacteriol 73:211\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.73.2.211-217.1957","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"1781_CR80","volume-title":"Brucellosis in Humans and Animals","author":"MJ Corbel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Corbel MJ (2006) Brucellosis in Humans and Animals. World Health Organization"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01781-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01781-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01781-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T04:02:52Z","timestamp":1783396972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01781-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13567-026-01781-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1297-9716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1297-9716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All the authors declare their consent to publish this work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"124"}}