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A comprehensive analysis of volatile metabolites produced by <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>) in BC bottles was conducted using GC\u2013IMS. Subsequently, the released VOCs were analyzed to examine differences in VOC release between CRKP and carbapenem-susceptible <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (CSKP). A total of 54 VOCs were detected, of which 18 (6 VOCs found in both monomer and dimer forms) were successfully identified. The VOCs produced by <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> in BC bottles (BacT\/ALERT\u00ae SA) were primarily composed of organic acids, alcohols, esters, and ketones. The content of certain VOCs was significantly different between CRKP and CSKP after the addition of imipenem (IPM). Moreover, the inclusion of carbapenemase inhibitors facilitated the identification of carbapenemase-producing <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> based on the variations in VOCs. This study demonstrates the utility of GC\u2013IMS technology in identifying CRKP, and reveals that changes in VOCs are closely related to the growth and metabolism of <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, indicating that they can be leveraged to promote early identification of CRKP bacteremia. However, further in-depth studies and experiments are needed to validate our findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-024-01708-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T11:02:14Z","timestamp":1713956534000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["GC\u2013IMS facilitates identification of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in simulated blood cultures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8441-7879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuxing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunwei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuwen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youling","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longhua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1708_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/8\/2\/027106","volume":"8","author":"AW Boots","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boots AW, Smolinska A, van Berkel JJ, Fijten RR, Stobberingh EE, Boumans ML, Moonen EJ, Wouters EF, Dallinga JW, Van Schooten FJ (2014) Identification of microorganisms based on headspace analysis of volatile organic compounds by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry. 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