{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:37:05Z","timestamp":1788320225382,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":688,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Haisco Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Intensive Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T22:01:44Z","timestamp":1729893704000},"page":"164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Early sedation using ciprofol for intensive care unit patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a pooled post-hoc analysis of data from phase 2 and phase 3 trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanxi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5050-0359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangdong","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.27.3.389","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring of midazolam in critically ill patients","volume":"27","author":"Spina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-022-00940-2","article-title":"Benzodiazepines in the management of seizures and Status Epilepticus: a review of routes of delivery, Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and tolerability","volume":"36","author":"Kienitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K296","article-title":"Propofol associated with a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation than scheduled intermittent lorazepam: a database analysis using Project IMPACT","volume":"41","author":"Fong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annals Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-018-0672-3","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Propofol","volume":"57","author":"Sahinovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.304","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam or propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation: two randomized controlled trials","volume":"307","author":"Jakob","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.10.026","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine vs propofol sedation reduces delirium in patients after cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2830-2","article-title":"Sedation depth and long-term mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults: a prospective longitudinal multicentre cohort study","volume":"39","author":"Shehabi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31828a437d","article-title":"Early goal-directed sedation versus standard sedation in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a pilot study*","volume":"41","author":"Shehabi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1342985","article-title":"Implementing the 2013 PAD guidelines: top ten points to consider","volume":"34","author":"Pun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0055","first-page":"562","article-title":"Current situation of and physicians\u2019 expectations for sedative treatment for critically ill patients in hospitals: a questionnaire study","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin J Clin (Electronic Edition)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0060","first-page":"497","article-title":"Guidelines for analgesia and sedation treatment in intensive care unit of Chinese adults","volume":"30","author":"Society Of Critical Care Medicine Chinese Medical, Association","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji jiu Yi Xue"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3606","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00254","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and evaluation of Novel 2,6-Disubstituted phenol derivatives as general anesthetics","volume":"60","author":"Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830791","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.830791","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of HSK3486, a novel 2,6-Disubstituted Phenol Derivative as a General Anesthetic","volume":"13","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001799","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ciprofol vs. propofol for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia: a multicentre, single-blind, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 clinical trial","volume":"40","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0080","first-page":"1607","article-title":"Effects of ciprofol for the induction of general anesthesia in patients scheduled for elective surgery compared to propofol: a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, comparative study","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2021.105904","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for the sedation\/anesthesia in patients undergoing colonoscopy: phase IIa and IIb multi-center clinical trials","volume":"164","author":"Teng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sciences: Official J Eur Federation Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13761","article-title":"Comparison of ciprofol (HSK3486) versus propofol for the induction of deep sedation during gastroscopy and colonoscopy procedures: a multi-centre, non-inferiority, randomized, controlled phase 3 clinical trial","volume":"131","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-021-00890-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of HSK3486 for Anesthesia\/Sedation in patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy: a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Propofol-Controlled, randomized, phase 3 study","volume":"36","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005920","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Ciprofol Sedation in ICU patients undergoing mechanical ventilation: a Multicenter, Single-Blind, randomized, Noninferiority Trial","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001912","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of ciprofol vs. propofol for sedation in intensive care unit patients with mechanical ventilation: a multi-center, open label, randomized, phase 2 trial","volume":"135","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2014.01.014","article-title":"Pain assessment using the critical-care pain observation tool in Chinese critically ill ventilated adults","volume":"48","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.044","article-title":"Hypotension during propofol sedation for colonoscopy: a retrospective exploratory analysis and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Sneyd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"8665","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90770-8","article-title":"Comparison of propofol and midazolam for sedation in critically ill patients","volume":"2","author":"Aitkenhead","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0125","article-title":"Early light sedation increased the duration of mechanical ventilation in patients with severe lung Injury","volume":"9","author":"Hatozaki","year":"2023","journal-title":"SAGE open Nurs"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0130","first-page":"3066","article-title":"Risk factors and prognosis of hypotension in postoperative sedation patients","volume":"94","author":"Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e825","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003299","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation\/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and sleep disruption in adult patients in the ICU","volume":"46","author":"Devlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221132466","article-title":"A case report of ciprofol overdose during anesthesia\/analgesia and literature review: clinical presentation, blood pressure, and management","volume":"50","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen X, Guo P, Yang L, Liu Z, Yu D. Comparison and Clinical Value of Ciprofol and Propofol in Intraoperative Adverse Reactions, Operation, Resuscitation, and Satisfaction of Patients under Painless Gastroenteroscopy Anesthesia. Contrast media & molecular imaging. 2022;2022:9541060.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9541060"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001759","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for general anaesthesia induction in elderly patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery: a randomised controlled pilot trial","volume":"39","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03412-5","article-title":"Postoperative hypotension in patients discharged to the intensive care unit after non-cardiac surgery is associated with adverse clinical outcomes","volume":"24","author":"Smischney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care (London England)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004517","article-title":"Association between Perioperative Hypotension and Delirium in Postoperative critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"130","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225288","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1225288","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of ciprofol (HSK3486) versus propofol for anesthetic induction and non-ICU sedation","volume":"14","author":"Hung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Intensive Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2110582025003061?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2110582025003061?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T07:39:19Z","timestamp":1776670759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2110582025003061"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"alternative-id":["S2110582025003061"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2110-5820"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2110-5820","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early sedation using ciprofol for intensive care unit patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a pooled post-hoc analysis of data from phase 2 and phase 3 trials","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Intensive Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13613-024-01390-3","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2024 The Author(s) 2024. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"164"}}