{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T19:14:34Z","timestamp":1773861274140,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560988800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Syst Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1067-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T14:05:23Z","timestamp":1561039523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Antibiotic treatment for ocular toxoplasmosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis: study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"John E.","family":"Feliciano-Alfonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Vargas-Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Alejandra","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Trivi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Lopez de Mesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"de-la-Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1067_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/273506","volume":"2014","author":"Meredith Harrell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harrell M, Carvounis PE. Current treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis: an evidence-based review. J Ophthalmol. 2014;1-7. Available at: \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/273506\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"1067_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3537","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.8.3537-3541.2003","volume":"41","author":"O Villard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Villard O, Filisetti D, Roch-deries F, Flament J, Candolfi E, Garweg J. Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and PCR for diagnosis of toxoplasmic chorioretinitis. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(8):3537\u201341.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1067_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01500-3","volume":"134","author":"C Fardeau","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fardeau C, Romand S, Rao NA, Cassoux N, Bettembourg O, Thulliez P, et al. Diagnosis of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis with atypical clinical features. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;134(2):196\u2013203.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1067_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2011.595872","volume":"19","author":"JG Garweg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garweg JG, de Groot-Mijnes JDF, Montoya JG. Diagnostic approach to ocular toxoplasmosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011;19(4):255\u201361.","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"1067_CR5","unstructured":"De-la-Torre A. Ocular toxoplasmosis: immunopathology and virulence. The influence of parasite virulence on the clinical, biological, and immunological characteristics of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in the Old and New World: Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Universidad del Quind\u00edo; 2013. Available from: \n                    www.theses.fr\/2013STRAJ043.pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed 10 Oct 2017"},{"key":"1067_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.12.005","volume":"39","author":"M Maenz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maenz M, Schl\u00fcter D, Liesenfeld O, Schares G, Gross U, Pleyer U. Ocular toxoplasmosis past, present and new aspects of an old disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2014;39:77\u2013106. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.12.005\n                    \n                  . Elsevier Ltd","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1067_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.03.007","volume":"38","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Jones JL. Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals in the United States. Int J Parasitol. 2008;38(11):1257\u201378.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1067_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05013-11","volume":"25","author":"F Robert-Gangneux","year":"2012","unstructured":"Robert-Gangneux F, Dard\u00e9 ML. Epidemiology of and diagnostic strategies for toxoplasmosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25(2):264\u201396.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1067_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2012.661115","volume":"20","author":"E Petersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petersen E, Kijlstra A, Stanford M. Epidemiology of ocular toxoplasmosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2012;20(2):68\u201375. Available from: \n                    http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/09273948.2012.661115\n                    \n                   Accessed 25 Oct 2017","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"issue":"4","key":"1067_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1504.081306","volume":"15","author":"B Carme","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carme B, Demar M, Ajzenberg D, Dard\u00e9 ML. Severe acquired toxoplasmosis caused by wild cycle of toxoplasma gondii, French Guiana. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(4):656\u20138.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1067_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1086\/595793","volume":"199","author":"A Elbez-Rubinstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Elbez-Rubinstein A, Ajzenberg D, Dard\u00e9 M, Cohen R, Dum\u00e8tre A, Yera H, et al. Congenital toxoplasmosis and reinfection during pregnancy: case report, strain characterization, experimental model of reinfection, and review. J Infect Dis. 2009;199(2):280\u20135. Available from: \n                    https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1086\/595793\n                    \n                  . Accessed 1 Nov 2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1067_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02196-10","volume":"49","author":"A Fekkar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fekkar A, Ajzenberg D, Bodaghi B, Touafek F, Le Hoang P, Delmas J, et al. Direct genotyping of toxoplasma gondii in ocular fluid samples from 20 patients with ocular toxoplasmosis: predominance of type II in France. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(4):1513\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1067_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.09.006","volume":"146","author":"EM Dodds","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dodds EM, Holland GN, Stanford MR, Yu F, Siu WO, Shah KH, et al. Intraocular inflammation associated with ocular toxoplasmosis: relationships at initial examination. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146(6):856\u201365. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.09.006\n                    \n                  . Accessed 5 Nov 2017. Elsevier Inc","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1067_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182129e70","volume":"30","author":"A Sauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sauer A, de la Torre A, Gomez-Marin J, Bourcier T, Garweg J, Speeg-Schatz C, et al. Prevention of retinochoroiditis in congenital toxoplasmosis: Europe versus South America. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011;30(7):601\u20133. Available from: \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21343838\n                    \n                  . Accessed 5 Nov 2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"9556","key":"1067_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60072-5","volume":"369","author":"The systematic review in congenital toxoplasmosis (SYROCOT)","year":"2007","unstructured":"The systematic review in congenital toxoplasmosis (SYROCOT). Effectiveness of prenatal treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis: a meta-analysis of individual patients\u2019 data. Lancet. 2007;369(9556):115\u201322.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"1067_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000277","volume":"2","author":"RE Gilbert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gilbert RE, Freeman K, Lago EG, Bahia-Oliveira LMG, Tan HK, Wallon M, et al. Ocular sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazil compared with Europe. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(8):8\u201314.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1067_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1195","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001195","volume":"5","author":"JE G\u00f3mez-Marin","year":"2011","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Marin JE, De-la-Torre A, Angel-Muller E, Rubio J, Arenas J, Osorio E, et al. First Colombian multicentric newborn screening for congenital toxoplasmosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5(5):e1195.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"1067_CR18","first-page":"CD002218","volume":"5","author":"E Pradhan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pradhan E, Bhandari S, Gilbert RE, Stanford M. Antibiotics versus no treatment for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;5:CD002218.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1067_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773213Y.0000000094","volume":"107","author":"Senaka Rajapakse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rajapakse S, Chrishan Shivanthan M, Samaranayake N, Rodrigo C, Deepika Fernando S. Antibiotics for human toxoplasmosis: a systematic review of randomized trials. Pathog Glob Health. 2013;107(4):162\u20139. Available from: \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4001466\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 15 Nov 2017","journal-title":"Pathogens and Global Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1067_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2011.547157","volume":"19","author":"D Wakefield","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wakefield D, Cunningham ET, Pavesio C, Garweg JG, Zierhut M. Controversies in ocular toxoplasmosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011;19(1):2\u20139. Available from: \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21250922\n                    \n                  . Accessed 15 Nov 2017","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"1067_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73706-7","volume":"111","author":"RE Engstrom","year":"1991","unstructured":"Engstrom RE, Holland GN, Nussenblatt RB, Jabs DA. Current practices in the management of ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991;111:601\u201310.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1067_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gilbert RE, Harden M, Stanford M. Antibiotics versus control for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002(1). Art. No.: CD002218. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002218\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002218"},{"issue":"1","key":"1067_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01526-X","volume":"134","author":"GN Holland","year":"2002","unstructured":"Holland GN, Lewis K. An update on current practices in the management of ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;134(1):102\u201314.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1067_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1086\/590149","volume":"47","author":"JG Montoya","year":"2008","unstructured":"Montoya JG, Remington JS. Management of Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(4):554\u201366.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1067_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.07.061","volume":"120","author":"SJ Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim SJ, Scott IU, Brown GC, Brown MM, Ho AC, Ip MS, et al. Interventions for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis: a report by the American Academy of ophthalmology. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(2):371\u20138.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1067_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g7647","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647","volume":"349","author":"L Shamseer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shamseer L, Moher D, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. BMJ. 2015;349:g7647. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.g7647\n                    \n                  . [PubMed] [Cross Ref]","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1067_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","volume":"2015","author":"D Moher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberat\u00ee A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;2015(4):1\u20139. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1067_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"Internation Council of Ophthalmology, Visual Functions Commitee","year":"1988","unstructured":"Internation Council of Ophthalmology, Visual Functions Commitee. Visual acuity measurement standard. Ital J Ophthalmol. 1988;2(1):1\u201315. Available from: \n                    http:\/\/www.icoph.org\/dynamic\/attachments\/resources\/icovisualacuity1984.pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed 22 Nov 2017","journal-title":"Ital J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"71","key":"1067_CR29","first-page":"267","volume":"18","author":"J Garc\u00eda Aguado","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda Aguado J, S\u00e1nchez Ruiz-Cabello FJ, Colomer Revuelta J, Cort\u00e9s Rico O, Esparza Olcina MJ, Galbe S\u00e1nchez-Ventura J, Mengual Gil JM, Merino Mo\u00edna M, Pall\u00e1s Alonso CR, Mart\u00ednez Rubio A. Valoraci\u00f3n de la agudeza visual. Pediatr\u00eda Atenci\u00f3n Primaria. 2016;18(71):267\u201374. \n                    http:\/\/scielo.isciii.es\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1139-76322016000300019&lng=es&tlng=es\n                    \n                  . Accessed 24 Nov 2017","journal-title":"Pediatr\u00eda Atenci\u00f3n Primaria"},{"key":"1067_CR30","unstructured":"Delgado JJ. Detecci\u00f3n de trastornos visuales. Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria. 2006;8(Supl 2):586 S93\u2013112. Available at: \n                    http:\/\/pap.es\/files\/1116-560-pdf\/585.pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed 2 Dec 2017"},{"key":"1067_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perspectives. Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the first international workshop. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005; \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.03.057\n                    \n                  . 140509-516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.03.057"},{"issue":"1","key":"1067_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3109\/09273940903348835","volume":"18","author":"M Khairallah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Khairallah M. Are the standardization of the uveitis nomenclature (SUN) working group criteria for codifying the site of inflammation appropriate for all uveitis problems? Limitations of the SUN working group classification. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2010;18(1):2\u20134. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09273940903348835\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"1067_CR33","unstructured":"Higgins J, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]: The Cochrane Collaboration; 2011. Available from: \n                    https:\/\/training.cochrane.org\/handbook\n                    \n                  . Accessed 18 Dec 2017"}],"container-title":["Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1067-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1067-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1067-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T23:22:15Z","timestamp":1592522535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1067-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1067-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-4053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-4053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 June 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"146"}}