{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:29:53Z","timestamp":1787765393030,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-0126-AWA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-0126-AWA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GSR-154442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GSR-154442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CBES-2018-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBES-2018-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Syst Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Recent surveys of Canadian cannabis users reflect increasing consumption rates, some of whom may have diabetes. However, healthcare providers have limited information resources on the effects of recreational cannabis in people with diabetes. This rapid review was commissioned by Diabetes Canada to synthesize available evidence to guide recommendations for care of people 13 years of age and older who live with diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases were searched from January 2008 to January 2019. Study selection, data abstraction and quality appraisal were completed by pairs of reviewers working independently and discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer with pilot tests completed before each stage to ensure consistency. Data collected from included studies were tabulated and summarized descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The search resulted in 1848 citations of which 59 publications were selected for screening, resulting in six observational studies (2 full-text articles and 4 conference abstracts) that met the pre-defined criteria for inclusion. Five studies reported higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who consumed recreational cannabis. In one study, students aged 17 to 25 years living with T1D self-reported poorer glycemic control and higher HbA1c when smoking cannabis. In one study of adults with T1D, cannabis use within the previous 12 months was associated with almost double the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis compared with no cannabis use (odds ratio [OR] 1.98; confidence interval [CI] [95% CI] 1.01\u20133.91). Risks for peripheral arterial occlusion and myocardial infarction were found to be higher in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who consumed recreational cannabis, and worse renal parameters were also reported in two separate studies of T1D and T2D.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Recreational cannabis use may negatively impact diabetes metabolic factors and self-management behaviours in people with T1D. In people with T2D, recreational cannabis may increase risks for peripheral arterial occlusion, myocardial infarction and renal disease. However, the evidence base of this rapid review was limited to six observational studies of poor to fair methodological quality, and thus, further robust, higher quality research is required to confirm the potential impact of cannabis on diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PROSPERO <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019122829\">CRD42019122829<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01411-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T17:02:34Z","timestamp":1597683754000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The effects of recreational cannabis use on glycemic outcomes and self-management behaviours in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a rapid review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Caroline J.","family":"Porr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harpreet S.","family":"Bajaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoife M.","family":"Egan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Huot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Batten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devonne","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazia","family":"Darvesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arifur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabnam","family":"Asghari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"Acheampong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4114-8971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea C.","family":"Tricco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1411_CR1","volume-title":"Analysis of trends in the prevalence of cannabis use in Canada, 1985 to 2015","author":"M Rotermann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rotermann M, Macdonald R. Analysis of trends in the prevalence of cannabis use in Canada, 1985 to 2015. 2018. https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/82-003-x\/2018002\/article\/54908-eng.htm."},{"key":"1411_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.10.002","volume":"118","author":"C Leos-Toro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leos-Toro C, Rynard V, Murnaghan D, MacDonald JA, Hammond D. Trends in cannabis use over time among Canadian youth: 2004-2014. Prev Med. 2019;118:30\u20137.","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"key":"1411_CR3","volume-title":"Canadian Cannabis Survey 2018 Summary","author":"Government of Canada","year":"2018","unstructured":"Government of Canada. Canadian Cannabis Survey 2018 Summary. 2018. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/services\/health\/publications\/drugs-health-products\/canadian-cannabis-survey-2018-summary.html. Accessed Nov 2018."},{"key":"1411_CR4","volume-title":"Cannabis (Canadian Drug Summary)","author":"Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction","year":"2018","unstructured":"Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction. Cannabis (Canadian Drug Summary). 2018. https:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-04\/CCSA-Canadian-Drug-Summary-Cannabis-2018-en.pdf. Accessed June 2018."},{"key":"1411_CR5","volume-title":"Health fact sheets diabetes","author":"Government of Canada","year":"2019","unstructured":"Government of Canada. Health fact sheets diabetes. 2019. https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/daily-quotidien\/190207\/dq190207b-eng.pdf. Accessed Feb 2019."},{"key":"1411_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pertwee RG. Pharmacological actions of cannabinoids. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2005:1\u201351.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-26573-2_1"},{"key":"1411_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.a2018.0072","volume":"69","author":"M Borowska","year":"2018","unstructured":"Borowska M, Czarnywojtek A, Sawicka-Gutaj N, Wolinski K, Plazinska MT, Mikolajczak P, Ruchala M. The effects of cannabinoids on the endocrine system. Endokrynol Pol. 2018;69:705\u201319.","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol."},{"key":"1411_CR8","volume-title":"Clearing the smoke on cannabis regular use and mental health","author":"Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction","year":"2019","unstructured":"Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction. Clearing the smoke on cannabis regular use and mental health. 2019. https:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-05\/CCSA-Cannabis-Use-Mental-Health-Report-2019-en.pdf."},{"key":"1411_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705920","volume":"143","author":"B Costa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Costa B, Giagnoni G, Franke C, Trovato AE, Colleoni M. Vanilloid TRPV1 receptor mediates the antihyperalgesic effect of the nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, cannabidiol, in a rat model of acute inflammation. Br J Pharmacol. 2004;143:247\u201350.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"1411_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.37.2.03","volume":"37","author":"A Bilandzic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bilandzic A, Rosella L. The cost of diabetes in Canada over 10 years: applying attributable health care costs to a diabetes incidence prediction model. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can. 2017;37:49\u201353.","journal-title":"Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can."},{"key":"1411_CR11","volume-title":"Diabetes, 2017","author":"Government of Canada","year":"2018","unstructured":"Government of Canada. Diabetes, 2017. 2018. https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/82-625-x\/2018001\/article\/54982-eng.htm."},{"key":"1411_CR12","first-page":"ra23","volume":"5","author":"W Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim W, Lao Q, Shin YK, Carlson OD, Lee EK, Gorospe M, Kulkarni RN, Egan JM. Cannabinoids induce pancreatic beta-cell death by directly inhibiting insulin receptor activation. Sci Signal. 2012;5:ra23.","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"1411_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.08.002","volume":"28","author":"AM Cruz-Martinez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cruz-Martinez AM, Tejas-Juarez JG, Mancilla-Diaz JM, Floran-Garduno B, Lopez-Alonso VE, Escartin-Perez RE. CB1 receptors in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus modulate the release of 5-HT and GABA to stimulate food intake in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018;28:1247\u201359.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"1411_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2000114","volume":"4","author":"E Smit","year":"2001","unstructured":"Smit E, Crespo CJ. Dietary intake and nutritional status of US adult marijuana users: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Public Health Nutr. 2001;4:781\u20136.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"1411_CR15","volume-title":"Evidence Alliance","author":"SPOR","year":"2019","unstructured":"SPOR Evidence Alliance. 2019. https:\/\/sporevidencealliance.ca\/."},{"key":"1411_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2019.05.010","volume":"43","author":"S Harpreet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harpreet S, Bajaj TB, Nagpal S, Tricco AC, Rios P, Porr C, Senior P, Huot C. Diabetes Canada position statement on recreational cannabis use in adults and adolescents with type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Can J Diabetes. 2019;43:372\u20136.","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes."},{"key":"1411_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","volume":"4","author":"D Moher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4:1.","journal-title":"Syst Rev."},{"key":"1411_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e1000097.","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"1411_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.01.021","volume":"75","author":"J McGowan","year":"2016","unstructured":"McGowan J, Sampson M, Salzwedel DM, Cogo E, Foerster V, Lefebvre C. PRESS peer review of electronic search strategies: 2015 guideline statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016;75:40\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"1411_CR20","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea B, O'Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, Tugwell P. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp."},{"key":"1411_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.5142","volume":"179","author":"HK Akturk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akturk HK, Taylor DD, Camsari UM, Rewers A, Kinney GL, Shah VN. Association between cannabis use and risk for diabetic ketoacidosis in adults with type 1 diabetes. JAMA Intern Med. 2019;179:115\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"1411_CR22","first-page":"A203","volume":"65","author":"V Helgeson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Helgeson V, De Gordon IL, Orchard T, Becker DJ, Seltman H. Rates and predictors of diabetes-related complications in young adults with T1D complications in youth with T1D. Diabetes. 2016;65(Suppl):A203\u20134.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"1411_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4153278","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4153278","volume":"2016","author":"AM Hogendorf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hogendorf AM, Fendler W, Sieroslawski J, Bobeff K, Wegrewicz K, Malewska KI, Przudzik MW, Szmigiero-Kawko M, Sztangierska B, Mysliwiec M, et al. Breaking the taboo: illicit drug use among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:4153278.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res."},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"1411_CR24","first-page":"A226","volume":"66","author":"JL Thurheimer-Cacciotti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thurheimer-Cacciotti JL, Sereika SM, Schmitt P, Founds S, Downs J, Powell AB, Charron-Prochownik DC. The effect of risk-taking behaviors on hemoglobin A1c in women with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2017;66(Suppl):A226.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1411_CR25","first-page":"S342","volume":"33","author":"T Winhusen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Winhusen T, Theobald J, Kaelber D, Tlimat A, Lewis D. Using big data to evaluate the association between substance use disorders (SUDS) and T2DM-complications. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(Suppl 2):S342.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1411_CR26","first-page":"S345","volume":"33","author":"L Wisk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wisk L, Nelson EB, Magane K, Weitzman E. Substance use, self-management, and hba1c among college students with type 1 diabetes. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(Suppl 2):S345.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"1411_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64s","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.2002.tb06005.x","volume":"42","author":"S Sidney","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sidney S. Cardiovascular consequences of marijuana use. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;42:64s\u201370s.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1411_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1971125762","volume":"12","author":"S Johnson","year":"1971","unstructured":"Johnson S, Domino EF. Some cardiovascular effects of marihuana smoking in normal volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1971;12:762\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"1411_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(85)90402-2","volume":"22","author":"A Kalofoutis","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kalofoutis A, Dionyssiou-Asteriou A, Maravelias C, Koutselinis A. Changes of HDL-lipid composition as related to delta 9-THC action. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985;22:343\u20135.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav."},{"key":"1411_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197407112910203","volume":"291","author":"WS Aronow","year":"1974","unstructured":"Aronow WS, Cassidy J. Effect of marihuana and placebo-marihuana smoking on angina pectoris. N Engl J Med. 1974;291:65\u20137.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"1411_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.03.024","volume":"98","author":"N Rodondi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rodondi N, Pletcher MJ, Liu K, Hulley SB, Sidney S. Marijuana use, diet, body mass index, and cardiovascular risk factors (from the CARDIA study). Am J Cardiol. 2006;98:478\u201384.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"1411_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.17057","volume":"313","author":"AA Monte","year":"2015","unstructured":"Monte AA, Zane RD, Heard KJ. The implications of marijuana legalization in Colorado. JAMA. 2015;313:241\u20132.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"1411_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.02.033","volume":"129","author":"T Gallo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gallo T, Shah VN. An unusual cause of recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis in type 1 diabetes. Am J Med. 2016;129:e139\u201340.","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"key":"1411_CR34","unstructured":"Chadi N, Schizer M, Mountain-Ray S, Thakur A, Weitzman ER, Levy S. Co-occurring substance use disorders in youth with chronic medical conditions: the need for integration of addiction treatment into mainstream medical facilities. J Addict Med. Publish Ahead of Print."},{"key":"1411_CR35","unstructured":"Pancer J, Dasgupta K. Effects of cannabis use in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes: the highs, the lows, the don\u2019t knows. Can J Addict. [In press]."},{"key":"1411_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/CXA.0000000000000061","volume":"10","author":"UM Camsari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Camsari UM, Akturk HK, Taylor DD, Kahramangil D, Shah VN. Unhealthy cannabis use among recreational and medical cannabis users with type 1 diabetes. Can J Addict. 2019;10:38\u201341.","journal-title":"Can J Addict."},{"key":"1411_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxy075","volume":"24","author":"K Potter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Potter K, Virtanen H, Luca P, Pacaud D, Nettel-Aguirre A, Kaminsky L, Ho J. Knowledge and practice of harm-reduction behaviours for alcohol and other illicit substance use in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Paediatr Child Health. 2018;24:e51\u20136.","journal-title":"Paediatr Child Health."},{"key":"1411_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alshaarawy O. 1620-P: trends in cannabis use among patients with diabetes\u2014the national survey on drug use and health, 2005-2017. Diabetes. 2019;68.","DOI":"10.2337\/db19-1620-P"},{"key":"1411_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.7_13882","volume":"36","author":"J Lim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lim J, Abdelrahim S, Alam U, Wilding J, Mon A. Therapeutic effect of improved glycaemic control with concomitant use of cannabis oil. Diabet Med. 2019;36:19\u201320.","journal-title":"Diabet Med."},{"key":"1411_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0365","volume":"43","author":"GL Kinney","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kinney GL, Akturk HK, Taylor DD, Foster NC, Shah VN. Cannabis use is associated with increased risk for diabetic ketoacidosis in adults with type 1 diabetes: findings from the T1D exchange clinic registry. Diabetes Care. 2020;43:247\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"1411_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah VN, Taylor DD, Foster NC, Beck R, Akturk HK, Kinney GL. 836-P: cannabis use in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with poor glycemic control and increased risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Diabetes. 2019;68(Suppl 1).","DOI":"10.2337\/db19-836-P"}],"container-title":["Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-020-01411-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13643-020-01411-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-020-01411-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T23:23:14Z","timestamp":1629156194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13643-020-01411-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-020-01411-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-4053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-4053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Dr. Andrea Tricco is a member of the editorial board at BMC Systematic Reviews, but was not involved with the peer review process\/decision to publish this manuscript. Harpreet Bajaj is involved in honoraria and\/or research support, outside the submitted work from Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi and Valeant. Celine Huot is involved as a local principal investigator in clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes in the pediatric population: Novo Nordisk and Sanofi Aventis. All other authors have no known conflicts of interest to declare.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"187"}}