{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:41:12Z","timestamp":1791996072221,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660003200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004513","name":"Harry Crossley Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004513","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Syst Rev"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aims of this systematic review were to (1) identify primary- and model-based economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening methods and to (2) provide a contextual summary of valuation outcomes associated with three types of cervical cancer screening tests: visual inspection with acetic acid, human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid, and Papanicolaou smear.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cervical cancer screening is an important public health priority with the potential to improve the detection of precancerous lesions in high-risk females for early intervention and disease prevention. Test performance and cost-effectiveness differ based on the specific screening method used across different platforms. There is a need to appraise existing economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening methods.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This review considered primary-based and model-based full economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening methods. The evaluation methods of interest included cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis, cost-minimization analysis, cost\u2013benefit analysis, and cost-consequence analysis. We searched Scopus, PubMed, National Health Economic Evaluation Database (NH EED), Cochrane, and the Health Economic Evaluation Database for full economic evaluations of cancer screening methods. No formal date restrictions were applied. Model-based and primary-based full economic evaluations were included. A critical appraisal of included studies was performed by the main investigator, while a second independent reviewer assessed critical appraisal findings for any inconsistencies. Data were extracted using a standardised data extraction tool for economic evaluations. The ultimate outcomes of costs, effectiveness, benefits, and utilities of cervical cancer screening modalities were extracted from included studies, analysed, and summarised.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>From a total of 671 screened studies, 44 studies met the study inclusion criteria. Forty-three studies were cost-effectiveness analyses, one study reported both cost-utility and cost-effectiveness outcomes, and another study reported cost utilities of cervical cancer screening methods only. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing was reported as a dominant stand-alone screening test by 14 studies, while five studies reported visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) as a dominant stand-alone screening test. Primary HPV screening strategies were dominant in 21 studies, while three studies reported cytology-based screening strategies as the dominant screening method.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Existing evidence indicates that HPV-based and VIA testing strategies are cost-effective, but this is dependent on setting. Our review suggests the limited cost-effectiveness of cytology-based testing, which may be due in part to the need for specific infrastructures and human resources.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PROSPERO <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020212454\">CRD42020212454<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-022-02017-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T11:03:34Z","timestamp":1660043014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A systematic review of economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening methods"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7738-2444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thatohatsi","family":"Sefuthi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lungiswa","family":"Nkonki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2017_CR1","unstructured":"Boardman HC. Cervical Cancer . 2019. Available from: https:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/253513-overview"},{"key":"2017_CR2","unstructured":"Bouassa RM, Prazuck T, Lethu T, Meye J, Be\u2019lec. Cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: an emerging and preventable disease associated with oncogenic human papillomavirus. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28406406"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e191","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30482-6","volume":"8","author":"M Arbyn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arbyn M, Weiderpass E, Bruni L, de Sanjos\u00e9 S, Saraiya M, Ferlay J, et al. Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2020;8(2):e191-203.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Heal"},{"key":"2017_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu Q, Jia M, Chen H, Zhang S, Liu Y, Prem K, et al. PLOS ONE The economic burden of cervical cancer from diagnosis to one year after final discharge in Henan province , China\u202f: a retrospective case series study. 2020;1\u201314. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0232129","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232129"},{"key":"2017_CR5","volume-title":"Guidelines for screening for cervical precancer in Lesotho","author":"Ministry of Health Lesotho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Lesotho. Guidelines for screening for cervical precancer in Lesotho. 2012."},{"key":"2017_CR6","volume-title":"Guidelines for screening for cervical precancer in Lesotho","author":"Ministry of Health Lesotho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Lesotho. Guidelines for screening for cervical precancer in Lesotho. 2012."},{"key":"2017_CR7","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Draft\u202f: global strategy towards the elimination of","author":"World Health Organization A","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization A. Draft\u202f: global strategy towards the elimination of. 2019. p. 1\u201324."},{"issue":"20","key":"2017_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa044278","volume":"353","author":"SJ Goldie","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goldie SJ, Gaffikin L, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Gordillo-Tobar A, Levin C, Mah\u00e9 C, et al. Cost-effectiveness of cervical-cancer screening in five developing countries. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(20):2158\u201368.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2017_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.10897","volume":"320","author":"SJ Curry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Curry SJ, Krist AH, Owens DK, Barry MJ, Caughey AB, Davidson KW, et al. Screening for cervical cancer us preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2018;320(7):674\u201386.","journal-title":"JAMA - J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"2017_CR10","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World Health Assembly adopts global strategy to accelerate cervical cancer elimination. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/19-08-2020-world-health-assembly-adopts-global-strategy-to-accelerate-cervical-cancer-elimination. [Cited 2021 Sep 17]."},{"key":"2017_CR11","unstructured":"Organization WH. Global market study - HPV. Glob Mark Study. 2020;(November):1\u20136. Available from: https:\/\/www.persistencemarketresearch.com\/market-research\/cinnamon-market.asp"},{"key":"2017_CR12","unstructured":"WHO. Guidelines for screening and treatment of precancerous lesions for cervical cancer prevention. WHO Guidel. 2013;60. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/publications\/cancers\/screening_and_treatment_of_precancerous_lesions\/en\/index.html"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00013-15","volume":"29","author":"EM Burd","year":"2016","unstructured":"Burd EM. Human papillomavirus laboratory testing: the changing paradigm. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016;29(2):291\u2013319.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2017_CR14","unstructured":"Program BCACCS. Pap sampling technique. Heal (San Fr). Available from: http:\/\/www.bccancer.bc.ca\/screening\/Documents\/CCSP_GuidelinesManual_PapSamplingTechnique.pdf"},{"key":"2017_CR15","unstructured":"Path. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA): evidence to date. 2014; Available from: http:\/\/www.path.org\/publications\/detail.php?i=784"},{"key":"2017_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gore.2018.02.004","volume":"24","author":"N Huy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huy N, Tam L, Tram N, Thuan D, Vihn T, Than C, et al. The value of visual inspection with acetic acid and Pap smear in cervical cancer screening program in low resource settings - a population-based study. Gynaecol Oncol Reports. 2018;24:18\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gore.2018.02.004.","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol Reports"},{"key":"2017_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoch JS, Dewa CS. An introduction to economic evaluation: what\u2019s in a name? Can J Psychiatry. 2005;50(3). Available from: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/070674370505000305","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370505000305"},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2015.11.005","volume":"9","author":"A Dang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dang A, Likhar N, Alok U. Importance of economic evaluation in health care: an Indian perspective. Value Heal Reg Issues. 2016;9(6):78\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vhri.2015.11.005.","journal-title":"Value Heal Reg Issues"},{"key":"2017_CR19","unstructured":"Drummond M, Sculpher M, Claxton K, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2015."},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21220","volume":"117","author":"R Legood","year":"2005","unstructured":"Legood R, Gray AM, Mah\u00e9 C, Wolstenholme J, Jayant K, Nene BM, et al. Screening for cervical cancer in India: how much will it cost? A trial based analysis of the cost per case detected. Int J Cancer. 2005;117(6):981\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001778","volume":"79","author":"NG Campos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Campos NG, Lince-Deroche N, Chibwesha CJ, Firnhaber C, Smith JS, Michelow P, et al. Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening in women living with HIV in South Africa: a mathematical modeling study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018;79(2):195\u2013205.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"9","key":"2017_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3864","volume":"10","author":"I Cromwell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cromwell I, Smith LW, van der Hoek K, Hedden L, Coldman AJ, Cook D, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of primary human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening: results from the HPV FOCAL Trial. Cancer Med. 2021;10(9):2996\u20133003.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2017_CR23","volume-title":"Cervical cancer screening in low resource settings\u202f: a cost effectiveness analysis in Nepalese context cervical cancer screening in low resource settings\u202f: a cost effectiveness analysis in Nepalese context","author":"A Bajracharya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bajracharya A. Cervical cancer screening in low resource settings\u202f: a cost effectiveness analysis in Nepalese context cervical cancer screening in low resource settings\u202f: a cost effectiveness analysis in Nepalese context. 2017."},{"issue":"3","key":"2017_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30695","volume":"141","author":"AK Mezei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mezei AK, Armstrong HL, Pedersen HN, Campos NG, Mitchell SM, Sekikubo M, et al. Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening methods in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(3):437\u201346.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-015-1332-8","volume":"15","author":"D Mendes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mendes D, Bains I, Vanni T, Jit M. Systematic review of model-based cervical screening evaluations. BMC Cancer. 2015;15(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"19","key":"2017_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8229","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.19.8229","volume":"15","author":"A Nahvijou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nahvijou A, Hadji M, BaratiMarnani A, Tourang F, Bayat N, Weiderpass E, et al. A systematic review of economic aspects of cervical cancer screening strategies worldwide: discrepancy between economic analysis and policymaking. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(19):8229\u201337.","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"2017_CR27","unstructured":"JBI. The Joanna Briggs Institute: the systematic review of economic evaluation evidence. 2014;1\u201340. Available from: www.joannabriggs.org"},{"key":"2017_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097. Available from: https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"2017_CR29","unstructured":"Kuntz K, Sainfort F, Butler M, Taylor B, Kulasingam S, Gregory S, et al. Decision and Simulation Modeling in Systematic Reviews. Methods Research Report. (Prepared by the University of Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-2007-10064-I.) AHRQ Publication No. 11(13)-EHC037-EF. Rockville: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality;\u00a02013. www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov\/reports\/final.cfm."},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2016.1246961","volume":"16","author":"B Wijnen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wijnen B, Van Mastrigt G, Redekop W, Majoie H, De Kinderen R, Evers SMAA. How to prepare a systematic review of economic evaluations for informing evidence-based healthcare decisions: data extraction, risk of bias, and transferability (part 3\/3). Expert Rev Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res. 2016;16(6):723\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14737167.2016.1246961.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2017_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2019.03.021","volume":"22","author":"HC Turner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Turner HC, Lauer JA, Tran BX, Teerawattananon Y, Jit M. Adjusting for inflation and currency changes within health economic studies. Value Heal. 2019;22(9):1026\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jval.2019.03.021.","journal-title":"Value Heal"},{"key":"2017_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pvr.2015.05.003","volume":"1","author":"NG Campos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Campos NG, Tsu V, Jeronimo J, Mvundura M, Lee K, Kim JJ. When and how often to screen for cervical cancer in three low- and middle-income countries: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Papillomavirus Res. 2015;1:38\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pvr.2015.05.003.","journal-title":"Papillomavirus Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4054-9","volume":"17","author":"Y Xie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xie Y, Tan X, Shao H, Liu Q, Tou J, Zhang Y, et al. VIA\/VILI is more suitable for cervical cancer prevention in Chinese poverty-stricken region: a health economic evaluation. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-017-4054-9.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2017_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29438","volume":"137","author":"NG Campos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Campos NG, Maza M, Alfaro K, Gage JC, Castle PE, Felix JC, et al. The comparative and cost-effectiveness of HPV-based cervical cancer screening algorithms in El Salvador. Int J Cancer. 2015;137(4):893\u2013902.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"2017_CR35","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"N Lince-Deroche","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lince-Deroche N, Phiri J, Michelow P, Smith JS, Firnhaber C. Costs and cost effectiveness of three approaches for cervical cancer screening among HIV-positive women in Johannesburg. South Africa PLoS One. 2015;10(11):1\u201316.","journal-title":"South Africa PLoS One"},{"key":"2017_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chauhan AS, Prinja S, Srinivasan R, Rai B, Malliga JS, Jyani G, et al. Cost effectiveness of strategies for cervical cancer prevention in India. PLoS One. 2020;15(9 September). Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0238291","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238291"},{"key":"2017_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-239","volume":"11","author":"JF Shi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shi JF, Canfell K, Lew JB, Zhao FH, Legood R, Ning Y, et al. Evaluation of primary HPV-DNA testing in relation to visual inspection methods for cervical cancer screening in rural China: an epidemiologic and cost-effectiveness modelling study. BMC Cancer. 2011;11:239.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2017_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.12.015","volume":"35","author":"M Sharma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sharma M, Seoud M, Kim JJ. Cost-effectiveness of increasing cervical cancer screening coverage in the Middle East: an example from Lebanon. Vaccine. 2017;35(4):564\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.12.015.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"12","key":"2017_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji162","volume":"97","author":"JJ Kim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim JJ, Wright TC, Goldie SJ. Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus DNA testing in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France, and Italy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97(12):888\u201395.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"22","key":"2017_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gore.2017.09.007","volume":"2017","author":"W Termrungruanglert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Termrungruanglert W, Khemapech N, Tantitamit T, Sangrajrang S, Havanond P, Laowahutanont P. Cost-effectiveness analysis study of HPV testing as a primary cervical cancer screening in Thailand. Gynecol Oncol Reports. 2017;2017(22):58\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gore.2017.09.007.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"2017_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2020.21.5.1317","volume":"21","author":"F Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao F, Wen Y, Li Y, Tao S, Ma L, Zhao Y, et al. Epidemiologic and health economic evaluation of cervical cancer screening in rural China. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev. 2020;21(5):1317\u201325.","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"4","key":"2017_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36342008000400005","volume":"50","author":"O Andr\u00e9s-Gamboa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Andr\u00e9s-Gamboa O, Chica\u00edza L, Garc\u00eda-Molina M, D\u00edaz J, Gonz\u00e1lez M, Murillo R, et al. Cost-effectiveness of conventional cytology and HPV DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in Colombia. Salud Publica Mex. 2008;50(4):276\u201385.","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex"},{"issue":"3","key":"2017_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16400","volume":"128","author":"EEL Jansen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jansen EEL, Naber SK, Aitken CA, de Koning HJ, van Ballegooijen M, de Kok IMCM. Cost-effectiveness of HPV-based cervical screening based on first year results in the Netherlands: a modelling study. BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2021;128(3):573\u201382.","journal-title":"BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.06.13","volume":"31","author":"L Ma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ma L, Wang Y, Gao X, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, et al. Economic evaluation of cervical cancer screening strategies in urban China. Chinese J Cancer Res. 2019;31(6):974\u201383.","journal-title":"Chinese J Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2017_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.03.006","volume":"47","author":"G Sroczynski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sroczynski G, Schnell-Inderst P, M\u00fchlberger N, Lang K, Aidelsburger P, Wasem J, et al. Cost-effectiveness of primary HPV screening for cervical cancer in Germany - a decision analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2011;47(11):1633\u201346.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"2017_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26269","volume":"130","author":"NG Campos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Campos NG, Kim JJ, Shea O, Diaz M, Goldie SJ. Health and economic impact of HPV 16\/18 vaccination and cervical cancer screening in eastern Africa. Int J Cancer. 2013;130(11):2672\u201384.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"344","key":"2017_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e670","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e670","volume":"5","author":"IMCM de Kok","year":"2012","unstructured":"de Kok IMCM, van Rosmalen J, Dillner J, Arbyn M, Sasieni P, Iftner T, et al. Primary screening for human papillomavirus compared with cytology screening for cervical cancer in European settings: cost effectiveness analysis based on a Dutch microsimulation model. BMJ. 2012;5(344):e670. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3293782\/?report=reader.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6536-4","volume":"19","author":"A Pista","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pista A, Costa C, Saldanha C, Moutinho JAF, Moutinho JM, Arrobas F, et al. Budget impact analysis of cervical cancer screening in Portugal: comparison of cytology and primary HPV screening strategies. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2017_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226335","volume":"14","author":"A Skroumpelos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Skroumpelos A, Agorastos T, Constantinidis T, Chatzistamatiou K, Kyriopoulos J. Economic evaluation of HPV DNA test as primary screening method for cervical cancer: a health policy discussion in Greece. PLoS One. 2019;14(12):1\u201323.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2019.30.e17","volume":"30","author":"W Termrungruanglert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Termrungruanglert W, Khemapech N, Tantitamit T, Havanond P. Cost effectiveness analysis of HPV primary screening and dual stain cytology triage compared with cervical cytology. J Gynecol Oncol. 2019;30(2):1\u201313.","journal-title":"J Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2019.01.021","volume":"153","author":"P Vassilakos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vassilakos P, Poncet A, Catarino R, Viviano M, Petignat P, Combescure C. Cost-effectiveness evaluation of HPV self-testing offered to non-attendees in cervical cancer screening in Switzerland. Gynecol Oncol. 2019;153(1):92\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygyno.2019.01.021.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020484","volume":"8","author":"AK Mezei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mezei AK, Pedersen HN, Sy S, Regan C, Mitchell-Foster SM, Byamugisha J, et al. Community-based HPV self-collection versus visual inspection with acetic acid in Uganda: a cost-effectiveness analysis of the ASPIRE trial. BMJ Open. 2018;8(6):1\u201312.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30007-5","volume":"2","author":"JB Lew","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lew JB, Simms KT, Smith MA, Hall M, Kang YJ, Xu XM, et al. Primary HPV testing versus cytology-based cervical screening in women in Australia vaccinated for HPV and unvaccinated: effectiveness and economic assessment for the National Cervical Screening Program. Lancet Public Heal. 2017;2(2):e96-107.","journal-title":"Lancet Public Heal"},{"issue":"10","key":"2017_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-014626","volume":"7","author":"S Barr\u00e9","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barr\u00e9 S, Massetti M, Leleu H, De Bels F. Organised screening for cervical cancer in France: a cost-effectiveness assessment. BMJ Open. 2017;7(10):1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e015048","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015048","volume":"7","author":"NG Campos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campos NG, Mvundura M, Jeronimo J, Holme F, Vodicka E, Kim JJ. Cost-effectiveness of HPV-based cervical cancer screening in the public health system in Nicaragua. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e015048.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"2017_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3772-5","volume":"31","author":"XW Jin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jin XW, Lipold L, Foucher J, Sikon A, Brainard J, Belinson J, et al. Cost-effectiveness of primary HPV testing, cytology and co-testing as cervical cancer screening for women above age 30 years. J Gen Intern Med. 2016;31(11):1338\u201344.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2017_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.94","volume":"106","author":"EA Burger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Burger EA, Ortendahl JD, Sy S, Kristiansen IS, Kim JJ. Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening with primary human papillomavirus testing in Norway. Br J Cancer. 2012;106(9):1571\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-010-9694-3","volume":"22","author":"YN Flores","year":"2011","unstructured":"Flores YN, Bishai DM, L\u0151rincz A, Shah KV, Lazcano-Ponce E, Hern\u00e1ndez M, et al. HPV testing for cervical cancer screening appears more cost-effective than Papanicolau cytology in Mexico. Cancer Causes Control. 2011;22(2):261\u201372.","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601884","volume":"91","author":"C Sherlaw-Johnson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sherlaw-Johnson C, Philips Z. An evaluation of liquid-based cytology and human papillomavirus testing within the UK cervical cancer screening programme. Br J Cancer. 2004;91(1):84\u201391.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"2017_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605974","volume":"103","author":"IHI Chow","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chow IHI, Tang CH, You SL, Liao CH, Chu TY, Chen CJ, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of human papillomavirus DNA testing and Pap smear for cervical cancer screening in a publicly financed health-care system. Br J Cancer. 2010;103(12):1773\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605974.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"2017_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.21149\/spm.v56i5.7374","volume":"56","author":"CM Beal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Beal CM, Salmer\u00f3n J, Flores YN, Torres L, Granados-Garc\u00eda V, Dugan E, et al. Cost analysis of different cervical cancer screening strategies in Mexico. Salud Publica Mex. 2014;56(5):492\u2013501.","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/1073274820922540","volume":"27","author":"T Tantitamit","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tantitamit T, Khemapech N, Havanond P, Termrungruanglert W. Cost-effectiveness of primary HPV screening strategies and triage with cytology or dual stain for cervical cancer. Cancer Control. 2020;27(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"issue":"5 May","key":"2017_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251688","volume":"16","author":"DB Vale","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vale DB, Silva MT, Discacciati MG, Polegatto I, Teixeira JC, Zeferino LC. Is the HPV-test more cost-effective than cytology in cervical cancer screening? An economic analysis from a middle-income country. PLoS One. 2021;16(5 May):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0251688.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"2017_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25211","volume":"127","author":"J Berkhof","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berkhof J, Coup\u00e9 VM, Bogaards JA, Van Kemenade FJ, Helmerhorst TJ, Snijders PJ, et al. The health and economic effects of HPV DNA screening in the Netherlands. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(9):2147\u201358.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26472","volume":"131","author":"T Vanni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vanni T, Luz PM, Grinsztejn B, Veloso VG, Foss A, Mesa-Frias M, et al. Cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women: an economic evaluation in a middle-income country. Int J Cancer. 2012;131(2):96\u2013104.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5708","volume":"25","author":"JC Felix","year":"2016","unstructured":"Felix JC, Lacey MJ, Miller JD, Lenhart GM, Spitzer M, Kulkarni R. The clinical and economic benefits of co-testing versus primary HPV testing for cervical cancer screening: a modeling analysis. J Women\u2019s Heal. 2016;25(6):606\u201316.","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Heal"},{"issue":"6","key":"2017_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e015048","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015048","volume":"7","author":"NG Campos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campos NG, Mvundura M, Jeronimo J, Holme F, Vodicka E, Kim JJ. Cost-effectiveness of HPV-based cervical cancer screening in the public health system in Nicaragua. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e015048.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"2017_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2012.00361.x","volume":"7","author":"J Castilla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Castilla J, Godoy P, Dom\u00ednguez \u00c1, Mart\u00edn V, Delgado-Rodr\u00edguez M, Mart\u00ednez-Baz I, et al. Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2013;7(2):177\u201383.","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respi Viruses"},{"key":"2017_CR69","first-page":"548","volume-title":"Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, testing, treatment, service delivery and monitoring\u202f: recommendations for a public health approach","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, testing, treatment, service delivery and monitoring\u202f: recommendations for a public health approach. 2019. p. 548."},{"key":"2017_CR70","first-page":"05","volume":"6","author":"G Sroczynski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sroczynski G, Schnell-Inderst P, M\u00fchlberger N, Lang K, Aidelsburger P, Wasem J, et al. Decision-analytic modeling to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HPV-DNA testing in primary cervical cancer screening in Germany. GMS Health Technol Assess. 2010;6:05.  https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3010885\/.","journal-title":"GMS Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"1","key":"2017_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12773","volume":"145","author":"NG Campos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Campos NG, Maza M, Alfaro K, Gage JC, Castle PE, Felix JC, et al. The cost-effectiveness of implementing HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in El Salvador. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2019;145(1):40\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"2017_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Guerrero AM, Genuino AJ, Santillan M, Praditsitthikorn N, Chantarastapornchit V, Teerawattananon Y, et al. A cost-utility analysis of cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus vaccination in the Philippines. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1). Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-015-2046-1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2046-1"}],"container-title":["Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02017-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02017-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02017-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T04:41:23Z","timestamp":1668660083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02017-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02017-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-4053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-4053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"I, the undersigned, give my consent for the publication of identifiable details, which can include photograph(s) and\/or videos and\/or case history and\/or details within the text (\u201cMaterial\u201d) to be published in the above journal and article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"162"}}