{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:26:39Z","timestamp":1792074399195,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Syst Rev"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-025-02886-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T08:28:55Z","timestamp":1751358535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy and safety of ketamine and esketamine for preventing opioid-induced cough: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kuo-Chuan","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Sian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Cheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jheng-Yan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Wei","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ming","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.-Wen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2886_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2009.06109.x","volume":"65","author":"KC Hung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hung KC, Chen CW, Lin VH, Weng HC, Hsieh SW. The effect of pre-emptive use of minimal dose fentanyl on fentanyl-induced coughing. Anaesthesia. 2010;65:4\u20137.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"2886_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-022-03282-6","volume":"78","author":"N Phuvachoterojanaphokin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Phuvachoterojanaphokin N, Watanaboonyongcharoen G, Jinawong S, Munjupong S. Low-dose lidocaine attenuates fentanyl-induced cough: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2022;78:813\u201321.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2886_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen R, Tang L-h, Sun T, Zeng Z, Zhang Y-y, Ding K, et al. Mechanism and management of fentanyl-induced cough. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2020;11:584177.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.584177"},{"key":"2886_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01313-w","volume":"21","author":"L Dehghanpisheh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dehghanpisheh L, Eghbal M, Bagheri Baravati F, Vatankhah P. Comparison of lidocaine, huffing maneuver and combination of both in prevention fentanyl induced cough before induction of anesthesia: a double-blind, prospective, randomized placebo-controlled study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2021;21:1\u20135.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-012-1470-y","volume":"27","author":"S Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun S, Huang SQ. Effects of pretreatment with a small dose of dexmedetomidine on sufentanil-induced cough during anesthetic induction. J Anesth. 2013;27:25\u20138.","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"2886_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200106000-00018","volume":"92","author":"WA Tweed","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tweed WA, Dakin D. Explosive coughing after bolus fentanyl injection. Anesth Analg. 2001;92:1442\u20133.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2886_CR7","first-page":"7","volume":"20","author":"S Ambesh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ambesh S, Singh N, Srivastava K. Fentanyl induced coughing caused life-threatening airway obstruction in a patient with arteriovenous malformation of tongue and hypopharynx. Int J Anesthesiol. 2009;20:7.","journal-title":"Int J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2013.65.3.251","volume":"65","author":"KJ Lim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lim KJ, Lee SK, Lee HM, Park EY, Kim MH, Kim YS, et al. Aspiration pneumonia caused by fentanyl-induced cough-a case report. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2013;65:251.","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu Q, Zou X, Wu J, Duan G, Lan H, Wang L. Low-Dose Alfentanil Inhibits Sufentanil-Induced Cough During Anesthesia Induction: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Study. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2024;18:1603\u201312.","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S464823"},{"key":"2886_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2020.03.016","volume":"35","author":"Y Zou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zou Y, Ling Y, Wei L, Tang Y, Kong G, Zhang L. The Effect of a Small Priming Dose of Sufentanil on Sufentanil-Induced Cough. J Perianesth Nurs. 2020;35:661\u20134.","journal-title":"J Perianesth Nurs"},{"key":"2886_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6877","DOI":"10.19082\/6877","volume":"10","author":"M Golmohammadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Golmohammadi M, Shajiee S, Sane S, Valie M. Comparison of the effects of pretreatment intravenous fentanyl or intravenous lidocaine on suppression of fentanyl-induced cough in children: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Electron Physician. 2018;10:6877\u201383.","journal-title":"Electron Physician"},{"key":"2886_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-9974-9-20","volume":"9","author":"A Gecaj-Gashi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gecaj-Gashi A, Nikolova-Todorova Z, Ismaili-Jaha V, Gashi M. Intravenous lidocaine suppresses fentanyl-induced cough in Children. Cough. 2013;9:20.","journal-title":"Cough"},{"key":"2886_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000159161.31276.DB","volume":"101","author":"JA Lin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lin JA, Yeh CC, Lee MS, Wu CT, Lin SL, Wong CS. Prolonged injection time and light smoking decrease the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough. Anesth Analg. 2005;101:670\u20134.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2886_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(89)90560-8","volume":"168","author":"J Kamei","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kamei J, Tanihara H, Igarashi H, Kasuya Y. Effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists on the cough reflex. Eur J Pharmacol. 1989;168:153\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2886_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199812000-00033","volume":"87","author":"T Sato","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sato T, Hirota K, Matsuki A, Zsigmond EK, Rabito SF. The role of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor in the relaxant effect of ketamine on tracheal smooth muscle. Anesth Analg. 1998;87:1383\u20138.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2886_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684276","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.684276","volume":"12","author":"Y Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong Y, Chang X. Comparison of Five Prophylactically Intravenous Drugs in Preventing Opioid-Induced Cough: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:684276.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2886_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2022-112102","volume":"28","author":"E Flemyng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Flemyng E, Moore TH, Boutron I, Higgins JP, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Nejstgaard CH, et al. Using Risk of Bias 2 to assess results from randomised controlled trials: guidance from Cochrane. BMJ Evid Based Med. 2023;28:260\u20136.","journal-title":"BMJ Evid Based Med"},{"key":"2886_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02501-0","volume":"24","author":"L Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao L, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Lu X, Tian Y, Wei L. Effect of pretreatment with a small dose of esketamine on sufentanil-induced cough during anesthesia induction: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2024;24:116.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2010.10.004","volume":"71","author":"G Guler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Guler G, Aksu R, Bicer C, Tosun Z, Boyaci A. Comparison of the effects of ketamine or lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough in patients undergoing surgery: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Curr Ther Res. 2010;71:289\u201397.","journal-title":"Curr Ther Res"},{"key":"2886_CR20","first-page":"535","volume":"10","author":"A Honarmand","year":"2024","unstructured":"Honarmand A, Safavi M, Cheshmaviz N. Effect of Different Doses of Ketamine on Fentanyl-Induced Cough. Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care. 2024;10:535\u201340.","journal-title":"Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care"},{"key":"2886_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.115808","volume":"2","author":"A Honarmand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Honarmand A, Safavi M, Khalighinejad F. A comparison of the effect of pretreatment with intravenous dexamethasone, intravenous ketamine, and their combination, for suppression of remifentanil-induced cough: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Adv Biomed Res. 2013;2:60.","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"2886_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2009.56.6.624","volume":"56","author":"JY Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim JY, Kim JY, Park SY, Jung WS, Kwak HJ. Effect of low dose ketamine to prevent remifentanil-induced cough: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2009;56:624\u20137.","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2886_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13604","volume":"47","author":"J Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li J, Wang A, Wang Z. Clinical effects of low-dose esketamine for anaesthesia induction in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2022;47(6):759\u201366.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"2886_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02864-4","volume":"24","author":"J Qian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qian J, Peng Y, Mao Y, Ji F, Shan X, Cheng J, et al. Inhibitory effect of low-dose esketamine on cough induced by sufentanil during the induction of anesthesia and postoperative impact on mental health status: a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2024;24:471.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3109\/03009734.2014.968270","volume":"119","author":"AJ Saleh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saleh AJ, Zhang L, Hadi SM, Ouyang W. A priming dose of intravenous ketamine-dexmedetomidine suppresses fentanyl-induced coughing: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Ups J Med Sci. 2014;119:333\u20137.","journal-title":"Ups J Med Sci"},{"key":"2886_CR26","first-page":"108","volume":"37","author":"A Shafa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shafa A, Habibzadeh M, Goodarzi N. Comparison of the effect of lidocaine and ketamine on prevention of fentanyl-induced cough during the induction of anesthesia in children under general anesthesia. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2019;37:108\u201313.","journal-title":"Journal of Isfahan Medical School"},{"key":"2886_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_218_20","volume":"10","author":"A Shafa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shafa A, Shahhosseini S, Rajaee E. Comparison of Two Dosages of Ketamine in Preventing Fentanyl-Induced Coughs in Children. Adv Biomed Res. 2021;10:20.","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"2886_CR28","first-page":"104","volume":"36","author":"R Talakoub","year":"2018","unstructured":"Talakoub R, Hirmanpour A, Gholamzadeh T, Jalilianfar P. The effect of Ketamine and dexamethasone on frequency and intensity of Fentanyl-induced cough. Journal of isfahan medical school. 2018;36:104\u201310.","journal-title":"Journal of isfahan medical school"},{"key":"2886_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeh CC, Wu CT, Huh BK, Lee MS, Lin SL, M JS, et al. Premedication with intravenous low-dose ketamine suppresses fentanyl-induced cough. J Clin Anesth. 2007;19:53\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2006.05.021"},{"key":"2886_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000036754","volume":"102","author":"T Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang T, Mudabbar MS, Xu M, Xiang Q, Liu B, Fu Q. The effects of esketamine on blood pressure and hypotension incidence during induction of bariatric surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102: e36754.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2886_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02292-w","volume":"23","author":"M Elsherbiny","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elsherbiny M, Hasanin A, Kasem S, Abouzeid M, Mostafa M, Fouad A, et al. Comparison of different ratios of propofol-ketamine admixture in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2023;23:329.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hung KC, Wu SC, Chang PC, Chen IW, Hsing CH, Lin CM, Chen JY, Chu CC, Sun CK. Impact of Intraoperative Ketamine on Postoperative Analgesic Requirement Following Bariatric Surgery: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Obes Surg. 2021;31:5446\u201357.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-021-05753-8"},{"key":"2886_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.110071","volume":"68","author":"X Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang X, Lin C, Lan L, Liu J. Perioperative intravenous S-ketamine for acute postoperative pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth. 2021;68: 110071.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"2886_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2022.110652","volume":"78","author":"CH Meyer-Frie\u00dfem","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meyer-Frie\u00dfem CH, Lipke E, Weibel S, Kranke P, Reichl S, Pogatzki-Zahn EM, et al. Perioperative ketamine for postoperative pain management in patients with preoperative opioid intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth. 2022;78: 110652.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"2886_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hung KC, Kao CL, Ho CN, Hsing CH, Chang YJ, Wang LK, Liao SW, Chen IW. The impact of perioperative ketamine or esketamine on the subjective quality of recovery after surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Anaesth. 2024;132:1293\u2013303.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.03.012"},{"key":"2886_CR36","first-page":"2266","volume":"28","author":"J Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo J, Qiu D, Gu H-W, Wang X-M, Hashimoto K, Zhang G-F, et al. Efficacy and safety of perioperative application of ketamine on postoperative depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Molecular Psychiatry. 2023;28:2266\u201376.","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry."},{"key":"2886_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5409","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S477342","volume":"18","author":"CB Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma CB, Zhang CY, Gou CL, Liang ZH, Zhang JX, Xing F, et al. Effect of Low-Dose Esketamine on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2024;18:5409\u201321.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"2886_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128924","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1128924","volume":"14","author":"J Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang J, Ma Q, Li W, Li X, Chen X. S-Ketamine attenuates inflammatory effect and modulates the immune response in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1128924.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2886_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aep333","volume":"104","author":"SP Ambesh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ambesh SP, Singh N, Gupta D, Singh PK, Singh U. A huffing manoeuvre, immediately before induction of anaesthesia, prevents fentanyl-induced coughing: a prospective, randomized, and controlled study. Br J Anaesth. 2010;104:40\u20133.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"2886_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9946","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27457-3","volume":"8","author":"W Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan W, Li S, Liu X, Gao X, Huang W, Guo J, et al. Prophylactic Intravenous Lidocaine at Different Doses for Fentanyl-Induced Cough (FIC): A Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep. 2018;8:9946.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2886_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0765-z","volume":"19","author":"W Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou W, Zhang D, Tian S, Yang Y, Xing Z, Ma R, et al. Optimal dose of pretreated-dexmedetomidine in fentanyl-induced cough suppression: a prospective randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2019;19:89.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052142","volume":"12","author":"LX He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He LX, Yao YT, Shao K, Zhao YY, Ma J. Efficacy of dezocine on preventing opioid-induced cough during general anaesthesia induction: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2022;12: e052142.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2886_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02424-w","volume":"24","author":"J Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu J, Wang T, Song J, Cao L. Effect of esketamine on postoperative analgesia and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. BMC Anesthesiol. 2024;24:46.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2886_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07361.x","volume":"119","author":"A Gupta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gupta A, Devi LA, Gomes I. Potentiation of \u03bc-opioid receptor-mediated signaling by ketamine. J Neurochem. 2011;119:294\u2013302.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2886_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02480035","volume":"11","author":"A Osada","year":"1997","unstructured":"Osada A, Fujino Y, Chen J, Koyama N. Differential effects of ketamine and MK-801 on A-fiber and C-fiber responses of spinal wide dynamic range neurons in the cat. J Anesth. 1997;11:184\u201392.","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"2886_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199704000-00036","volume":"84","author":"T Sato","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sato T, Matsuki A, Zsigmond EK, Rabito SF. Ketamine relaxes airway smooth muscle contracted by endothelin. Anesth Analg. 1997;84:900\u20136.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2886_CR47","unstructured":"Malik WM, Janjua A, Bader Z, Malik WM, Malik FQ, Qaisrani MN. Role of in vitro ketamine in protecting the airways from bradykinin induced contraction. Rawal Medical Journal. 2023;48:518-."}],"container-title":["Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-025-02886-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13643-025-02886-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-025-02886-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T09:07:04Z","timestamp":1751360824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13643-025-02886-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2886"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-025-02886-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-4053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-4053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable, as this study analyzed previously published data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this research. None of the authors have financial relationships with pharmaceutical companies manufacturing or marketing ketamine or esketamine, or with any commercial entities that could potentially influence the findings presented in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"131"}}