{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:09:01Z","timestamp":1788822541846,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":77,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Syst Rev"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-026-03238-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T09:04:44Z","timestamp":1782205484000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Screening and diagnosis tools for sarcopenia: an overview of systematic reviews"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jingfeng","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaotian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunhui","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0566-0801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10191","key":"3238_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)31138-9","volume":"393","author":"AJ Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Sayer AA. Sarcopenia Lancet. 2019;393(10191):2636\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)31138-9.","journal-title":"Sarcopenia Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3238_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12783","volume":"13","author":"F Petermann-Rocha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Petermann-Rocha F, Balntzi V, Gray SR, et al. Global prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13(1):86\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.12783.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"3238_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.11.003","volume":"119","author":"O Bruy\u00e8re","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bruy\u00e8re O, Beaudart C, Ethgen O, Reginster JY, Locquet M. The health economics burden of sarcopenia: a systematic review. Maturitas. 2019;119:61\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.11.003.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"4","key":"3238_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.026","volume":"38","author":"K Norman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Norman K, Otten L. Financial impact of sarcopenia or low muscle mass - a short review. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(4):1489\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.026.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3238_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.01.027","volume":"48","author":"L Ackermans","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ackermans L, Rabou J, Basrai M, et al. Screening, diagnosis and monitoring of sarcopenia: when to use which tool? Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022;48:36\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.01.027.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"1","key":"3238_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","volume":"48","author":"AJ Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019;48(1):16\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afy169.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"3","key":"3238_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","volume":"21","author":"LK Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019;21(3):300-07.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"3238_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/xeb.0000000000000055","volume":"13","author":"E Aromataris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aromataris E, Fernandez R, Godfrey CM, Holly C, Khalil H, Tungpunkom P. Summarizing systematic reviews: methodological development, conduct and reporting of an umbrella review approach. Int J Evid Based Healthc. 2015;13(3):132\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/xeb.0000000000000055.","journal-title":"Int J Evid Based Healthc"},{"key":"3238_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","volume":"358","author":"BJ Shea","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ. 2017;358:j4008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.j4008.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7651","key":"3238_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39490.551019.BE","volume":"336","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"7651","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, Vist GE, Falck-Ytter Y, Sch\u00fcnemann HJ. What is \u201cquality of evidence\u201d and why is it important to clinicians? BMJ. 7651;336(7651):995\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39490.551019.BE.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"3238_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01542-z","volume":"10","author":"ML Rethlefsen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, et al. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2021;10(1):39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-020-01542-z.","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3238_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.5195\/jmla.2022.1449","volume":"110","author":"ML Rethlefsen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rethlefsen ML, Page MJ. PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S: common questions on tracking records and the flow diagram. J Med Libr Assoc. 2020;110(2):253\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5195\/jmla.2022.1449.","journal-title":"J Med Libr Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"3238_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.11.007","volume":"67","author":"D Pieper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pieper D, Antoine SL, Mathes T, Neugebauer EA, Eikermann M. Systematic review finds overlapping reviews were not mentioned in every other overview. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014;67(4):368\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.11.007.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3238_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.04.001","volume":"19","author":"S Ida","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ida S, Kaneko R, Murata K. SARC-F for screening of sarcopenia among older adults: a meta-analysis of screening test accuracy. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018;19(8):685\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.04.001.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"3238_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1471-8","volume":"25","author":"JL Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lu JL, Ding LY, Xu Q, et al. Screening accuracy of SARC-F for sarcopenia in the elderly: a diagnostic meta-analysis. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(2):172\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-020-1471-8.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"9","key":"3238_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2021.05.011","volume":"22","author":"SN Voelker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Voelker SN, Michalopoulos N, Maier AB, Reijnierse EM. Reliability and concurrent validity of the SARC-F and its modified versions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021;22(9):1864-76.e16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2021.05.011.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"3238_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afad152","author":"L Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang L, Shu X, Ge N, et al. The accuracy of screening instruments for sarcopenia: a diagnostic systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afad152.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"3238_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2022.06.004","volume":"53","author":"I Nies","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nies I, Ackermans LLGC, Poeze M, Blokhuis TJ, Ten Bosch JA. The diagnostic value of ultrasound of the rectus femoris for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in adults: a systematic review. Injury. 2022;53:S23-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2022.06.004.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"3238_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13149","volume":"14","author":"H Fu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fu H, Wang L, Zhang W, Lu J, Yang M. Diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound for sarcopenia diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2023;14(1):57\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.13149.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"3238_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102148","volume":"93","author":"R Lian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lian R, Liu Q, Jiang G, et al. Blood biomarkers for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies. Ageing Res Rev. 2023;93:102148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102148.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"3238_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin T, Jiang T, Huang X, Huang L, et al. Diagnostic test accuracy of serum creatinine and cystatin C-based index for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afad252.","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afad252"},{"issue":"1","key":"3238_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1718-z","volume":"26","author":"J Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou J, Li T, Chen X, Wang M, Jiang W, Jia H. Comparison of the diagnostic value of SARC-F and its three modified versions for screening sarcopenia in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2022;26(1):77\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-021-1718-z.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"3238_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.S408616","volume":"18","author":"R Krzymi\u0144ska-Siemaszko","year":"2023","unstructured":"Krzymi\u0144ska-Siemaszko R, Deskur-\u015amielecka E, Kalu\u017aniak-Szymanowska A, Murawiak M, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Comparison of diagnostic value of the SARC-F and its four modified versions in Polish community-dwelling older adults. Clin Interv Aging. 2023;18:783\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cia.S408616.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"3238_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14758","author":"S-T Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee S-T, Lim J-P, Tan C-N, Yeo A, Chew J, Lim W-S. SARC-F and modified versions using arm and calf circumference: diagnostic performance for sarcopenia screening and the impact of obesity. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.14758.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"3238_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14730","volume":"23","author":"T Kera","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kera T, Osuka Y, Kawai H, et al. Development and validation of a rapid sarcopenia screening questionnaire: the Otassha study. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2023;23(12):945\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.14730.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"3238_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1680-9","volume":"25","author":"X Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin X, Li M, Li Z, Zhu L, Liu L, Chen X. Evaluation of four methods for the assessment of sarcopenia in older adults in nursing homes. Nutrients. 2021;25(9):1119\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-021-1680-9.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"3238_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.22540\/jfsf-06-111","volume":"6","author":"MA Alsadany","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alsadany MA, Sanad HT, Elbanouby MH, Ali S. Detecting a valid screening method for sarcopenia in acute care setting. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls. 2021;6(3):111\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22540\/jfsf-06-111.","journal-title":"J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls"},{"key":"3238_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041061","author":"R Krzymi\u0144ska-Siemaszko","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krzymi\u0144ska-Siemaszko R, Deskur-\u015amielecka E, Styszy\u0144ski A, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Polish translation and validation of the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA) questionnaire to assess nutritional and non-nutritional risk factors of sarcopenia in older adults. Nutrients. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13041061.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"3238_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.35159\/kjss.2022.12.31.6.895","volume":"31","author":"Z Xuefeng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xuefeng Z, Ki Y-J, Kim J-M, Kim H-J. Validation of the Korean version of the MSRA questionnaire through comparison with the diagnostic criteria for female geriatric sarcopenia (AWGS 2019). Korean Soc Sports Sci. 2019;31(6):895\u2013906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35159\/kjss.2022.12.31.6.895.","journal-title":"Korean Soc Sports Sci"},{"key":"3238_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020635","author":"AP Rossi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rossi AP, Caliari C, Urbani S, et al. Sarcopenia risk evaluation in a sample of hospitalized elderly men and women: combined use of the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA) and the SARC-F. Nutrients. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13020635.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"3238_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e16323","volume":"9","author":"E Buccheri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Buccheri E, Dell'Aquila D, Russo M, Chiaramonte R, Musumeci G, Vecchio M. Can artificial intelligence simplify the screening of muscle mass loss? Heliyon. 2023;9(5):e16323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e16323.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"3238_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13144","volume":"14","author":"J Ryu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ryu J, Eom S, Kim HC, et al. Chest X-ray-based opportunistic screening of sarcopenia using deep learning. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2023;14(1):418\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.13144.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"6","key":"3238_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12840","volume":"12","author":"H Chung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chung H, Jo Y, Ryu D, Jeong C, Choe SK, Lee J. Artificial-intelligence-driven discovery of prognostic biomarker for sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021;12(6):2220\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.12840.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"}],"container-title":["Systematic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13643-026-03238-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-026-03238-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13643-026-03238-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T22:57:12Z","timestamp":1788821832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13643-026-03238-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-026-03238-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-4053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-4053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study fully complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committee of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (S045).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"244"}}