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In order to avoid decompensation, lower readmission rates, and promote quality of life, adequate self-care is vital. This review synthesised nursing interventions intended to improve self-care among adults and older adults with HF and retrospectively interpreted their components using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation\u2013Behaviour (COM-B) model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search was conducted on 11 November 2025 across seven electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. The review included randomised controlled studies evaluating behavioural, educational, psychological, or nursing interventions aimed at improving self-care among adults and older adults with HF. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Randomised Controlled Trials. Database-specific search strategies and publication-year filters are reported in Additional file 1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The interventions included structured education, motivational interviewing, pre-discharge education, technology-based support, and multimodal programmes. Several studies reported improvements in self-care maintenance, management, or confidence; however, the direction and magnitude of effects varied across interventions and follow-up periods. Although none of the studies explicitly used the COM-B model, their intervention components could be retrospectively mapped to Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nursing interventions may improve selected dimensions of HF self-care, particularly when education is combined with follow-up, motivational support, or practical monitoring resources. However, the evidence was heterogeneous, and the magnitude and consistency of effects remain uncertain. COM-B may provide a useful framework for interpreting intervention components, but the retrospective mapping does not demonstrate that COM-B mechanisms were prospectively tested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The procedure of this study was recently filed in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) at the National Institute for Health Research (No: CRD420251237974).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-026-03280-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T02:46:27Z","timestamp":1786502787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nursing interventions to enhance self-care in heart failure: a systematic review interpreted through the COM-B model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Beti","family":"Kristinawati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tintin","family":"Sukartini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Violeta Yuman","family":"Tanaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navian Fauzi","family":"Arifudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3280_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shahim B, Kapelios CJ, Savarese G, Lund LH. 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