{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T03:57:58Z","timestamp":1784347078714,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-025-01668-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T09:52:54Z","timestamp":1752832374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The roadmap for creating a novel outdoor activity space in a rehabilitation hospital setting: the OASIS program initiative"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Pazit","family":"Levinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith D","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1668_CR1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Older Australians. 2021, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Canberra."},{"key":"1668_CR2","volume-title":"Global age-friendly cities: a guide","author":"WHO","year":"2007","unstructured":"WHO. Global age-friendly cities: a guide. World Health Organisation: Geneva; 2007."},{"key":"1668_CR3","volume-title":"The global network for Age-friendly cities and communities: looking back over the last decade,looking forward to the next","author":"WHO","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO. The global network for age-friendly cities and communities: looking back over the last decade, looking forward to the next. World Health Organisation: Geneva, Switzerland; 2018."},{"issue":"6","key":"1668_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.051351","volume":"174","author":"DE Warburton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ. 2006;174(6):801\u20139.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"9838","key":"1668_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61031-9","volume":"380","author":"IM Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee IM, et al. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):219\u201329.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1668_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-510","volume":"14","author":"SJ Blondell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Blondell SJ, Hammersley-Mather R, Veerman JL. Does physical activity prevent cognitive decline and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:510.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"1668_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487317737628","volume":"25","author":"S Lachman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lachman S, et al. Impact of physical activity on the risk of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults: EPIC Norfolk prospective population study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018;25(2):200\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"10034","key":"1668_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01284-2","volume":"387","author":"JF Sallis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sallis JF, et al. Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: a cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2016;387(10034):2207\u201317.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-00995-8","volume":"17","author":"D Moreno-Agostino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moreno-Agostino D, et al. The impact of physical activity on healthy ageing trajectories: evidence from eight cohort studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020;17(1):92.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"issue":"12","key":"1668_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2016.07.021","volume":"24","author":"DV Jeste","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jeste DV, et al. Age-Friendly communities initiative: public health approach to promoting successful aging. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;24(12):1158\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1668_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11224-7","volume":"21","author":"P Levinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Challenges and lessons learnt from the ENJOY project: recommendations for future collaborative research implementation framework with local governments for improving the environment to promote physical activity for older people. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:1192.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"1668_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levinger P et al. Results from the ENJOY MAP for HEALTH: a quasi-experiment evaluating the impact of age-friendly outdoor exercise equipment to increase older people\u2019s park visitations and physical activity. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1663).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19042-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"1668_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1249\/TJX.0000000000000163","volume":"6","author":"P Levinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. The ENJOY project \u2013 usage and factors to support adherence and physical activity participation. Translational J Am Coll Sports Med. 2021;6(3):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Translational J Am Coll Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1668_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1724-1","volume":"26","author":"P Levinger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. The effect of the ENJOY seniors exercise park physical activity program on falls in older people in the community: a prospective pre-post study design. J Nutr Health Aging. 2022;26(3):217\u201321.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04132-5","volume":"23","author":"P Levinger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Exercise intervention outdoor project in the cOmmunitY - results from the ENJOY program for independence in dementia: a feasibility pilot randomised controlled trial. BMC Geriatr. 2023;23(1):426.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01824-0","volume":"20","author":"P Levinger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Exercise interveNtion outdoor proJect in the cOmmunitY for older people \u2013 results from the ENJOY seniors exercise park project translation research in the community. BMC Geriatr. 2020;20(1):446.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"1668_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee JLC, Lo TLT, Ho RTH. Understanding outdoor gyms in public open spaces: a systematic review and integrative synthesis of qualitative and quantitative evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(4).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040590"},{"issue":"3","key":"1668_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.367","volume":"32","author":"P Levinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Guidance about age-friendly outdoor exercise equipment and associated strategies to maximise usability for older people. Health Promot J Austr. 2021;32(3):475\u201382.","journal-title":"Health Promot J Austr"},{"key":"1668_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Recreational spaces: how best to design and cater for older people\u2019s safe engagement in physical activity. J Popul Ageing. 2025:1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12062-024-09472-7"},{"issue":"8","key":"1668_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264316662359","volume":"29","author":"M Sales","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sales M, et al. A novel exercise initiative for seniors to improve balance and physical function. J Aging Health. 2017;29(8):1424\u201343.","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1668_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2022-0380","volume":"20","author":"NK Brusco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brusco NK, et al. Cost-effectiveness of the ENJOY seniors exercise park for older people: a pre-post intervention study. J Phys Act Health. 2023;20(6):555\u201365.","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7125-2","volume":"19","author":"P Levinger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Exercise interveNtion outdoor proJect in the cOmmunitY for older people - the ENJOY senior exercise park project translation research protocol. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):933.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.18848\/2576-5310\/CGP\/v08i01\/61-78","volume":"8","author":"M Sales","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sales M, et al. Older adults\u2019 perceptions to a novel outdoor exercise initiative: a qualitative analysis. J Aging Soc Change. 2018;8(1):61\u201378.","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Change"},{"issue":"8","key":"1668_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264316662359","volume":"29","author":"M Sales","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sales M, et al. A novel exercise initiative for seniors to improve balance and physical function. J Aging Health. 2017;29(8):1424.","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"key":"1668_CR25","unstructured":"Ng YL, et al. A seniors exercise park program for older adults with mild balance dysfunction - a feasibility study. Disabil Rehabil. 2022:1\u201312."},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-7648-2-3","volume":"2","author":"VF Gladwell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gladwell VF, et al. The great outdoors: how a green exercise environment can benefit all. Extrem Physiol Med. 2013;2(1):3.","journal-title":"Extrem Physiol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1668_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000396","volume":"58","author":"L Naor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Naor L, Mayseless O. Therapeutic factors in nature-based therapies: unraveling the therapeutic benefits of integrating nature in psychotherapy. Psychother (Chic). 2021;58(4):576\u201390.","journal-title":"Psychother (Chic)"},{"key":"1668_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-456","volume":"10","author":"DE Bowler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bowler DE, et al. A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:456.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"1668_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-100","volume":"11","author":"S Crowe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crowe S, et al. The case study approach. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2011;11:100.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/09603123.2024.2342021","volume":"35","author":"P Levinger","year":"2025","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Older people\u2019s views and usage of recreational spaces in parks with age-friendly outdoor exercise equipment. Int J Environ Health Res. 2025;35(1):81\u201393.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Health Res"},{"key":"1668_CR31","unstructured":"Government NSW. Everyone can play \u2013 a guideline to create inclusive playspaces. NSW Department of Planning and Environment; 2023."},{"issue":"2","key":"1668_CR32","first-page":"21","volume":"3","author":"B Marques","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marques B, McIntosh J, Kershaw C. Healing spaces: improving health and wellbeing for the elderly through therapeutic landscape design. Int J Arts Humanit. 2019;3(2):21\u201334.","journal-title":"Int J Arts Humanit"},{"issue":"4","key":"1668_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1177\/00139160121973115","volume":"33","author":"R Kaplan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kaplan R. The nature of the view from home: psychological benefits. Environ Behav. 2001;33(4):507\u201342.","journal-title":"Environ Behav"},{"key":"1668_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"v.d.W.N.Y., environmental preference and restoration: (How) are they related? J Environ Psychol. 2003;23(2):135\u201346.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(02)00111-1"},{"key":"1668_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levinger P, Sales M, Polman R, Haines T, Dow B, Biddle SJ et al. Outdoor physical activity for older people-The senior exercise park: current research, challenges and future directions. Health Promot J Austr. 2018:29(3):353\u20139.","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.60"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-022-01027-x","volume":"8","author":"P Levinger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Levinger P, et al. Exercise intervention outdoor project in the cOmmunitY-ENJOY program for independence in dementia: a feasibility pilot randomised controlled trial study protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2022;8(1):66.","journal-title":"Pilot Feasibility Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"1668_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-01041-3","volume":"17","author":"C Sherrington","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sherrington C, et al. Evidence on physical activity and falls prevention for people aged 65\u2009+\u2009years: systematic review to inform the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020;17(1):144.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"1668_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sherrington C, et al. Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community: an abridged Cochrane systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(15):885\u201391.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101512"},{"issue":"3","key":"1668_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(05)80184-7","volume":"11","author":"RS Ulrich","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ulrich RS, et al. Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. J Environ Psychol. 1991;11(3):201\u201330.","journal-title":"J Environ Psychol"},{"key":"1668_CR40","volume-title":"The experience of nature: A psychological perspective","author":"R Kaplan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kaplan R, Kaplan S. The experience of nature: a psychological perspective. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1989."}],"container-title":["Archives of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13690-025-01668-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13690-025-01668-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13690-025-01668-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T14:02:10Z","timestamp":1757253730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/archpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13690-025-01668-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1668"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13690-025-01668-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-3258"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-3258","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable; this study did not require ethics approval as it did not involve the collection of personal data or human subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"190"}}