{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T18:38:51Z","timestamp":1774723131004,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006356","name":"University of Southern Denmark","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006356","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Addict Sci Clin Pract"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The 15-method is a targeted screening and treatment approach for alcohol problems in primary care. The 15-method used in primary care has proven as effective as specialized treatment for mild to moderate alcohol dependence in Sweden. A feasibility study of the 15-method in Danish primary care found the method acceptable and feasible.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of the 15-method in a Danish primary care setting in (1) lowering the proportion of patients exceeding the Danish low-risk alcohol consumption limit of ten standard units per week and a maximum of four standard units on a single day for men and women, and (2) increasing the likelihood of alcohol use being addressed during a consultation in general practice. Further, the rate of prescribed pharmacological treatment for alcohol problems (Disulfiram, Naltrexone, Acamprosate, and Nalmefene) will be measured along with the use of the biomarkers Alanine Transaminase and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial in sixteen general practices in the Region of Southern Denmark. Following a three-month baseline, the practices are randomly assigned to launch dates in one of four clusters. General practitioners and nurses receive three hours of training in the 15-method before launch. Patient questionnaires will collect data on alcohol consumption levels among patients affiliated with the practices. The healthcare professionals will register consultations in which alcohol is addressed in their patient filing system. Pharmacological treatment rates and the use of biomarkers will be collected through Danish national registries. The study follows the Medical Research Council\u2019s guidelines for developing and evaluating complex interventions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>From the patient\u2019s perspective, the 15-method may help identify alcohol-related problems at an earlier stage with flexible treatment offers in a familiar setting. For healthcare professionals, it addresses a traditionally challenging topic by equipping them with concrete tools, communication training, and clear treatment directives. From a societal perspective, primary care holds a unique position to identify hazardous and harmful alcohol use across different age groups, with potential public health and economic benefits through early identification and intervention.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05916027. Retrospectively registered 22 June 2023.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-024-00474-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T06:01:56Z","timestamp":1718258516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The identification and treatment of alcohol problems in primary care (iTAPP) study: protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomized control trial testing the 15-method in a primary care setting"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1959-3251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter N\u00e6sborg","family":"Sch\u00f8ler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9100-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina Hasselbalch","family":"Volke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0258-5762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Andr\u00e9asson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6965-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanne","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1629-1864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"S\u00f8ndergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8569-4165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anette S\u00f8gaard","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"474_CR1","unstructured":"Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H et al. 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Data storage and handling is approved by Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN) (license agreement OP1523, case number 21\/61172) and by the Research and Innovation Organization at The University of Southern Denmark (ref. number 11.521). This study was not eligible for application to the Danish National Research Ethics Committee according to national regulations Sect.\u00a014;1 of the Danish Act on Research Ethics Review of Health Research Projects (case no. 20212000144). The study adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki for ethical principles for medical research. Adverse events, unintended effects of the intervention or trials misconduct will be discussed in the research group and with the specific practice owner(s). Any issues not related to patients will be resolved between the research group and the practice owners. In the case of patient-related adverse events or unintended effects, the research group and practice owner(s) will plan relevant follow-up as needed. In the need of legal assistance, The Research and Innovation Organization at The University of Southern Denmark will be contacted. The owners of the participating practices must sign a written informed consent form including a contract between the practice owner(s) and The University of Southern Denmark prior to study commencement. The written consent form and contract include details on timeline for the study, economic compensation, details on training and implementation strategies, data management and security, data and intellectual property rights, and information on the questionnaire procedure to the patients affiliated with the practice. Patients (? 18 years) affiliated with the participating practices receive written information on the questionnaire and the informed consent procedure. The participants must consent via an embedded link to be forwarded to the electronic questionnaire.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication is obtained from practice owners through the consent form and contract with The University of Southern Denmark as described above. Consent for publication from participating patients is obtained through the electronic consent form.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Important modifications and amendments to the protocol will be reported to trial participants, trial registries, and journals.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Protocol amendments"}},{"value":"Results will be presented at national and international scientific events and published along with the study protocol in scientific peer reviewed journals. Authorship will follow the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Dissemination policy"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"49"}}