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Fasting contributes to surgical catabolic damage. This study evaluates the consequence of fasting time on the surgical outcomes of cancer patients undergoing elective surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Prospective cohort, evaluating two categories of patients according to postoperative fasting: less than or greater than 24 h. Outcomes: Hospitalization time, 28-day mortality, ICU stay and infection rates.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We included 109 patients (57% men, 60 \u00b1 15 years, BMI: 26 \u00b1 5 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, SAPS3 43 \u00b1 12), hepatectomy was the most frequent surgery (13.8%), and colon and rectum were the most common neoplasia (18.3%). The ICU stay was longer in postoperative fasting &gt; 24 h (5.5 [4\u20138.25] vs. 3 [2\u20135] days, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Fasting &gt; 24 h persisted as a risk factor for longer length of stay (LOS) in the ICU after adjustments. There were no differences in the mortality analysis within 28 days and total hospitalization time between groups. A tendency to experience more infections was observed in patients who fasted &gt; 24 h (34.8% vs. 16.3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.057). Onset of diet after the first 24 h postoperatively was a risk factor for longer ICU stay in cancer patients who underwent major surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-022-00261-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T23:02:53Z","timestamp":1659394973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Postoperative fasting is associated with longer ICU stay in oncologic patients undergoing elective surgery"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Fachini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudio Z.","family":"Alan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana V.","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"261_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.06.017","volume":"36","author":"J Arends","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arends J, Baracos V, Bertz H, Bozzetti F, Calder PC, Deutz NEP, et al. 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