{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:57Z","timestamp":1792787757089,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Perioper Med"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-025-00630-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T09:36:41Z","timestamp":1764236201000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of transversus abdominis plane block versus intravenous hydromorphone on the quality of postoperative recovery in elderly critically Ill patients in the SICU: a single-center, single-blind, randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huicong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aqf324","volume":"105","author":"G Aldegheri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aldegheri G, Casati A, Fanelli G, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block does not improve recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Anaesth. 2010;105(2):204\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aqf324.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000071440.38724.7e","volume":"97","author":"JL Apfelbaum","year":"2003","unstructured":"Apfelbaum JL, Chen C, Mehta SS, Gan TJ. Postoperative pain experience: results from a national survey suggest postoperative pain continues to be undermanaged. Anesth Analg. 2003;97(2):534\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/01.ane.0000071440.38724.7e.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"630_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benyamin R, Trescot AM, Datta S, Buenaventura R, Adlaka R, Sehgal N, Glaser SE, Vallejo R. Opioid complications and side effects. Pain Physician. 2008;11(2 Suppl):S105-S120. PMID: 18443635; PMCID: PMC2323576","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2008\/11\/S105"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181b7a9b1","volume":"109","author":"V Billard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Billard V, Fauconnier J, Ripart J, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block reduces opioid consumption after cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2009;109(3):813\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181b7a9b1.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000718","volume":"43","author":"R Brull","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brull R, Chan V, McCartney CJ, et al. Practice guidelines for regional anesthesia in the adult critically ill patient: an updated report by the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(1):56\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000718.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.02.015","volume":"68","author":"MM Butler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Butler MM, Ancona RM, Beauchamp GA, Yamin CK, Winstanley EL, Hart KW, et al. emergency department prescription opioids as an initial exposure preceding addiction. Ann Emerg Med. 2016;68(2):202-208.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.02.015.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","volume":"28","author":"DJ Buysse","year":"1989","unstructured":"Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, et al. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"630_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-015-0474-3","volume":"62","author":"F Carli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carli F, Mayo N, Mullen J, et al. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia in the critically ill: a narrative review. Can J Anaesth. 2015;62(10):1139\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-015-0474-3.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"630_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32830b8f0b","volume":"21","author":"SM Carney","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carney SM, Buggy DJ. Transversus abdominis plane block: a new analgesic technique for abdominal surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2008;21(4):498\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32830b8f0b.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"630_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31819e6b6f","volume":"108","author":"A Casati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Casati A, Fanelli G, Aldegheri G, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block reduces acute pain and morphine consumption after major abdominal surgery. Anesth Analg. 2009;108(5):1524\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e31819e6b6f.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"630_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R160","DOI":"10.1186\/cc14000","volume":"18","author":"G Chanques","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chanques G, Pohlman A, Kress JP, Molinari N, de Jong A, Jaber S, et al. Psychometric comparison of three behavioural scales for the assessment of pain in critically ill patients unable to self-report. Crit Care. 2014;18(5):R160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc14000. (PMID:25063269;PMCID:PMC4220092).","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0203000311","volume":"30","author":"JM Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen JM, Myles PS, Graham JM, et al. Quality of recovery after general anaesthesia and surgery in older patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2002;30(3):316\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X0203000311.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"630_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001316","volume":"43","author":"A Chiu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chiu A, Carson JD, Wong CA, et al. Thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia in critically ill patients: a systematic review. Crit Care Med. 2015;43(11):2425\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001316.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000162","volume":"42","author":"MM Churpek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Churpek MM, Yuen TC, Winslow C, et al. Risk factors for hypotension after abdominal surgery in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2014;42(1):102\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000162.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"630_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Oliveira GS Jr, Castro-Alves LD, Bicudo-Silva CA, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block reduces inflammatory response and opioid consumption after abdominal surgery in rats. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(6):764\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0000000000001034.","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000001034"},{"key":"630_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S260441","volume":"13","author":"HM Elsharkawy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elsharkawy HM, Elsayed AM, Abdelhamid IA, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain management after open abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis. J Pain Res. 2020;13:2277\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JPR.S260441.","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer203","volume":"107","author":"L Felden","year":"2011","unstructured":"Felden L, Walter C, Harder S, Treede RD, Kayser H, Drover D, et al. Comparative clinical effects of hydromorphone and morphine: a meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107(3):319\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aer203.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"630_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0703500612","volume":"35","author":"J Gadsden","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gadsden J, Egan TM, Suresh S, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block: description of a new technique and comparison with conventional landmark technique in volunteers. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2007;35(6):906\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X0703500612.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"630_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110345","volume":"73","author":"A Gupta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gupta A, Maroof M, Singhal S, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Anesth. 2021;73:110345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110345.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4892-9","volume":"43","author":"UO Gustafsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gustafsson UO, Scott M, Schwenk W, et al. Guidelines for perioperative care in elective colonic surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS\u00ae) Society recommendations: 2018 update. World J Surg. 2019;43(2):359\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-018-4892-9.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"630_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05273.x","volume":"62","author":"P Hebbard","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hebbard P, McDonnell JG, O\u2019Donnell B, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block: a cadaveric and radiological evaluation. Anaesthesia. 2007;62(8):793\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05273.x.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"630_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2022.103473","volume":"69","author":"AE Ibrahim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ibrahim AE, Elsayed SM, Elsayed AM, et al. Regional anesthesia versus systemic analgesia in critically ill surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crit Care. 2022;69:103473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2022.103473.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000944","volume":"124","author":"C Jeleazcov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jeleazcov C, Ihmsen H, Saari TI, Rohde D, Mell J, Fr\u00f6hlich K, et al. Patient-controlled analgesia with target-controlled infusion of hydromorphone in postoperative pain therapy. Anesthesiology. 2016;124(1):56\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000944.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"630_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johnson AC, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B. The Pharmacology of Visceral Pain. In: Kalso E, ed. Pharmacological Mechanisms and the Modulation of Pain. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2016:273\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.00010-X.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.00010-X"},{"key":"630_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.109789","volume":"65","author":"A Kaya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaya A, Yilmaz M, Karaman S, et al. Comparison of intrathecal analgesia and transversus abdominis plane block on inflammatory response after laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 2020;65:109789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.109789.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"630_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(02)00903-6","volume":"183","author":"H Kehlet","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kehlet H, Wilmore DW. Multimodal strategies to improve surgical outcome. Am J Surg. 2002;183(6):630\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9610(02)00903-6.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.22144","volume":"76","author":"HS Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim HS, Park JY, Lee JH, et al. Effect of transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative pain and recovery after robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2023;76(2):151\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4097\/kja.22144.","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"630_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aqf244","volume":"105","author":"H Koinig","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koinig H, Marhofer P, Willschke H, et al. Duration of analgesia after transversus abdominis plane block with ropivacaine 0.375%: a randomized controlled trial comparing single-shot with continuous infusion. Br J Anaesth. 2010;105(4):516\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aqf244.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth."},{"issue":"10","key":"630_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4762-y","volume":"42","author":"K Lassen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lassen K, Soop M, Nygren J, et al. Guidelines for perioperative care in elective rectal\/pelvic surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS\u00ae) Society recommendations. World J Surg. 2018;42(10):3259\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-018-4762-y.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"630_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet249","volume":"111","author":"A Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee A, Gupta A, Chan V, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain management: a meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2013;111(4):531\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aet249.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"12","key":"630_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4912","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204158","volume":"14","author":"Z Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang H, et al. Effect of multimodal analgesia on quality of recovery in elderly patients after abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Aging (Albany NY). 2022;14(12):4912\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.204158.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)."},{"key":"630_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.109838","volume":"66","author":"M Maroof","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maroof M, Gupta A, Singhal S, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 2020;66:109838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.109838.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3181902c8a","volume":"34","author":"CJ McCartney","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCartney CJ, O\u2019Donnell B, McDonnell JG. Transversus abdominis plane block: a review of its anatomy, technique, and efficacy. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009;34(1):74\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3181902c8a.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"630_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05356.x","volume":"62","author":"JG McDonnell","year":"2007","unstructured":"McDonnell JG, O\u2019Donnell B, Hebbard P, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block: a systematic review of its effect on postoperative analgesia. Anaesthesia. 2007;62(10):1024\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05356.x.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen163","volume":"101","author":"JG McDonnell","year":"2008","unstructured":"McDonnell JG, O\u2019Donnell B, Hebbard P, et al. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block after abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2008;101(1):17\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aen163.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"12","key":"630_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12416","volume":"68","author":"JG McDonnell","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDonnell JG, O\u2019Donnell B, Laffey JG. Transversus abdominis plane block: a narrative review. Anaesthesia. 2013;68(12):1271\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.12416.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31815c03ca","volume":"108","author":"TG Monk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Monk TG, Weldon BC, Garvan CW, et al. Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after major noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology. 2008;108(1):18\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31815c03ca.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"630_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0102900609","volume":"29","author":"PS Myles","year":"2001","unstructured":"Myles PS, Chen JM, Forbes A, et al. The Quality of Recovery score: development of a new measure of recovery after surgery. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2001;29(6):615\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X0102900609.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"630_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0203000514","volume":"30","author":"PS Myles","year":"2002","unstructured":"Myles PS, Smith JA, Forbes A, et al. What is the minimum important difference for the quality of recovery score? Anaesth Intensive Care. 2002;30(5):644\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X0203000514.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0803600118","volume":"36","author":"PS Myles","year":"2008","unstructured":"Myles PS, Wu CL, Smith JA, et al. The Quality of Recovery-40 score: a valid measure of postoperative recovery. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2008;36(1):131\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X0803600118.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"630_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001464","volume":"38","author":"A Ozturk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ozturk A, Kaya A, Yilmaz M, et al. Effect of transversus abdominis plane block on inflammatory markers after open colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2021;38(10):967\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001464.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aax103","volume":"119","author":"JJ Pandit","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pandit JJ, Royse CI, McNicol LR, et al. Patient-reported outcome measures in perioperative medicine: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119(2):231\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aax103.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"10","key":"630_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9903","volume":"18","author":"Y Punjasawadwong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Punjasawadwong Y, Lertbunnaphong M, Phongchiewboon A, et al. Effect of transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative sleep quality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(10):2425\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.9903.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"630_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03017792","volume":"49","author":"M Rajagopalan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rajagopalan M, Naik JS, Beattie WS. Regional anesthesia and analgesia in the intensive care unit. Can J Anaesth. 2002;49(10):1065\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03017792.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aax424","volume":"120","author":"CI Royse","year":"2018","unstructured":"Royse CI, Pandit JJ, McNicol LR, et al. Recovery after surgery: a qualitative study of patient experiences. Br J Anaesth. 2018;120(2):334\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aax424.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"630_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer301","volume":"107","author":"TI Saari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saari TI, Ihmsen H, Mell J, Fr\u00f6hlich K, Fechner J, Sch\u00fcttler J, et al. Influence of intensive care treatment on the protein binding of sufentanil and hydromorphone during pain therapy in postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107(5):730\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aer301.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199732030-00003","volume":"32","author":"H Schwilden","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schwilden H, Ihmsen H, Sch\u00fcttler J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sufentanil in surgical patients. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1997;32(3):194\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003088-199732030-00003.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1304100210","volume":"41","author":"MJ Scott","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scott MJ, Myles PS, Forbes A, et al. Quality of recovery after anaesthesia and surgery: a systematic review of measurement tools. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2013;41(2):228\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X1304100210.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4266\/acc.2022.00796","volume":"37","author":"Y Seo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seo Y, Lee H-J, Ha EJ, Ha TS. 2021 KSCCM clinical practice guidelines for pain, agitation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disturbance in the intensive care unit. Acute Crit Care. 2022;37(1):1\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4266\/acc.2022.00796.","journal-title":"Acute Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4103\/jacp.JACP_159_18","volume":"35","author":"A Sinha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sinha A, Singh S, Garg R, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for pain management after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2019;35(3):333\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jacp.JACP_159_18.","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181e7a7a8","volume":"111","author":"S Suresh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Suresh S, Gadsden J, Egan TM, et al. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block improves sleep quality after abdominal surgery. Anesth Analg. 2010;111(3):688\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181e7a7a8.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"4","key":"630_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000514","volume":"30","author":"S Suresh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Suresh S, Chaudhary G, Gadsden J. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia in the intensive care unit: current evidence and future directions. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2017;30(4):474\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000514.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"630_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.njcc.2017.03.002","volume":"25","author":"PH van der Voort","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Voort PH, Scheeren TWL, Groeneveld ABJ. Hemodynamic monitoring in the critically ill: a clinical update. Neth J Crit Care. 2017;25(3):143\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.njcc.2017.03.002.","journal-title":"Neth J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"630_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03744-5","volume":"25","author":"J van der Walt","year":"2021","unstructured":"van der Walt J, Joubert J, Roodt J, et al. The role of regional anesthesia in the intensive care unit: a narrative review. Crit Care. 2021;25(1):316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-021-03744-5.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"19","key":"630_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23245","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203452","volume":"13","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li Z, Zhang H, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block improves postoperative recovery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Aging (Albany NY). 2021;13(19):23245\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.203452.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)."},{"issue":"5","key":"630_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204876","volume":"15","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang H, Li Z, Zhang L, et al. Impact of transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative sleep and recovery in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. Aging (Albany NY). 2023;15(5):2034\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.204876.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)."},{"key":"630_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD003761","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003761.pub2","volume":"4","author":"DN Wijeysundera","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wijeysundera DN, Naik JS, Beattie WS. Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia in high-risk surgical patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;4:CD003761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003761.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"630_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0803600415","volume":"36","author":"H Willschke","year":"2008","unstructured":"Willschke H, Marhofer P, Koinig H, et al. Ultrasound guidance improves the success rate of the transversus abdominis plane block. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2008;36(4):589\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X0803600415.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"630_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1103900213","volume":"39","author":"CL Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu CL, Myles PS, Chan MT, et al. The Quality of Recovery-40 score: further validation in a large cohort of surgical patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2011;39(2):294\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057X1103900213.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"630_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S412345","volume":"18","author":"G-W Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang G-W, Cheng H, Song X-Y, Yang Y-F, Liu H, Ji F-H, et al. Effect of oxycodone-based multimodal analgesia on visceral pain after major laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Drug des Dev Ther. 2024;18:1799\u2013810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S412345.","journal-title":"Drug des Dev Ther"},{"key":"630_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110386","volume":"74","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang L, Li Y, Wang H, et al. Transversus abdominis plane block versus epidural analgesia for postoperative cognitive function in patients with gastric cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 2021;74:110386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110386.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"630_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2022.110728","volume":"78","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wang H, Li Z, et al. Sleep quality and recovery after transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 2022;78:110728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2022.110728.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"}],"container-title":["Perioperative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13741-025-00630-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13741-025-00630-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13741-025-00630-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T04:24:21Z","timestamp":1767068661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13741-025-00630-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13741-025-00630-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-0525"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-0525","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines (Apfelbaum et al.\n                      \n                      ). The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400086600, Principal Investigator: Lu Yaping, Registration Date: July 8, 2024) and approved by the Ethics Committee of Jiaxing First Hospital (No. 2024\u2013KY-523, June 11, 2024). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All patients provided written informed consent for the publication of their de-identified data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"145"}}