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Aim of this study was to outline the effect of vancomycin resistance of<jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>on the outcome of patients with BSI after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outcome of OLT recipients developing BSI with vancomycin-resistant (VRE) versus vancomycin-susceptible<jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>(VSE) was compared based on data extraction from medical records. Multivariate regression analyses identified risk factors for mortality and unfavourable outcomes (defined as death or prolonged intensive care stay) after 30 and 90\u2009days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mortality was similar between VRE- (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200939) and VSE- (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009138) group after 30 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.44) or 90\u2009days (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.39). Comparable results occurred regarding unfavourable outcomes. Mean SOFA<jats:sub>Non-GCS<\/jats:sub>score during the 7-day-period before BSI onset was the independent predictor for mortality at both timepoints (HR 1.32; CI 1.14\u20131.53; and HR 1.18; CI 1.08\u20131.28). Timely appropriate antibiotic therapy, recent ICU stay and vancomycin resistance did not affect outcome after adjusting for confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vancomycin resistance did not influence outcome among patients with<jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>bacteraemia after OLT. Only underlying severity of disease predicted poor outcome among this homogenous patient population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was registered at the German clinical trials register (DRKS-ID:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.drks.de\/drks_web\/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&amp;TRIAL_ID=DRKS00013285\">DRKS00013285<\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-020-0683-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T19:02:59Z","timestamp":1580497379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Does vancomycin resistance increase mortality in Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia after orthotopic liver transplantation? 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Karl-Heinz Weiss is on the speaker\u2019s bureau of Pfizer, Abbvie, Eisai. Karl-Heinz Weiss received grant support (to the institution) from AstraZenica, QED, Novartis, Univar, Alexion and GMP-O. Markus Weigand is on the advisory boards from MSD, Gilead, Pfizer, Shionogi. Thorsten Brenner received research funding from German Research Foundation (DFG), Heidelberg Foundation of Surgery, Dietmar Hopp Foundation. Thorsten Brenner received honoraria for lectures and advisory boards from: Biotest AG, Baxter Deutschland GmbH, Sch\u00f6chl medical education GmbH, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, CSL Behring GmbH, Astellas Pharma GmbH, B. Braun Melsungen AG, MSD Sharp & Dohme GmbH. Alexandra Heininger received speaker honorary by MSD and Pfizer. Simon Dubler, Martin Lenz, Stefan Zimmermann, Daniel Richter, Arianeb Mehrabi, Markus Mieth and Thomas Brucker declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"22"}}