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In this study, we analyzed the distribution and drug susceptibility of\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the relationship between ERG11 and UPC2 expression and resistance to azole antifungal agents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was cultured and identified by Sabouraud Agar Medium, CHROM Agar Candida and ATB tests (Bio-M\u00e9rieux, France). Total RNA was extracted from the collected strains, and the ERG11 and UPC2 mRNA expression levels were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 2872 clinical isolates of\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      , including 319 strains of\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , were analyzed herein; they were mainly obtained from the Departments of Respiratory Medicine and ICU. The strains were predominantly isolated from airway secretion samples, and the detection trend in four years was mainly related to the type of department and specimens. The resistance rates of\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      to fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole had been increasing year by year. The mRNA expression levels of ERG11 and UPC2 in the fluconazole-resistant group were significantly higher than they were in the susceptible group. In addition, there was a significant positive linear correlation between these two genes in the fluconazole-resistant group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overexpression of the ERG11 and UPC2 genes in\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      could increase resistance to azole antifungal drugs. The routine testing for ERG11 and UPC2 in high-risk patients in key departments would provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of azole antifungal drugs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00890-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T07:04:18Z","timestamp":1615791858000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Candida tropicalis distribution and drug resistance is correlated with ERG11 and UPC2 expression"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianggui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingzi","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4240-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiafu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"890_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00094","volume":"10","author":"DK Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh DK, T\u00f3th R, G\u00e1cser A. 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The anonymised patient data and strains were collected and used during routine clinical practice, with patient consent. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, and it was performed in accordance with the approved guidelines. Written informed consent were obtained from all participants.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"54"}}