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Among Swiss SOT recipients, we assessed temporal trends of ESBL-producing <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic> (ESBL-E), identified risk factors for ESBL-E, and assessed the impact of resistance on patient outcome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data from the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS), a nationwide prospective cohort of SOT-recipients, were analysed. Temporal trends were described for ESBL-detection among <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and non-<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>. In a nested case\u2013control study, cases with ESBL-E infection were 1:1 matched (by time since transplantation, organ transplant, pathogen) to controls infected with non-ESBL-E. Factors associated with resistance and with unfavourable 30-day outcome (death, infection relapse, graft loss) were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>From 2012 to 2018, we identified 1\u2032212 infection episodes caused by <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic> in 1\u2032074 patients, thereof 11.4% (138\/1\u2032212) caused by ESBL-E. The proportion of ESBL-production among <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> remained stable over time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.93) but increased for non-<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>. In the case\u2013control study (n\u2009=\u2009102), antibiotic pre-treatment was independently associated with ESBL-production (aOR\u2009=\u20092.6, 95%-CI: 1.0\u20136.8, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046). Unfavourable outcome occurred in 24\/51 (47%) cases and 9\/51 (18%) controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy was the only modifiable factor associated with unfavourable outcome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In Swiss SOT-recipients, proportion of infections with ESBL-producing non-<jats:italic>E. coli Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic> increased in recent years. Antibiotic pre-treatment represents a risk factor for ESBL-E. Improving appropriateness of empiric antibiotic treatment might be an important measure to reduce unfavourable outcome, which was observed in almost half of SOT-recipients with ESBL-E infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00918-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]],"date-time":"2021-03-07T15:02:41Z","timestamp":1615129361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Temporal trends, risk factors and outcomes of infections due to extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase producing Enterobacterales in Swiss solid organ transplant recipients between 2012 and 2018"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"name":"Swiss Transplant Cohort Study","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0427-8934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Kohler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline","family":"Wolfensberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Stampf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Br\u00f6nnimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Boggian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"van Delden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melody","family":"Favre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Hirzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan P.","family":"Kuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"Manuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dionysios","family":"Neofytos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Ragozzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Walti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas J.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"918_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02353-09","volume":"48","author":"J Rodriguez-Bano","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Bano J, Picon E, Gijon P, Hernandez JR, Cisneros JM, Pena C, et al. 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