{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:20:22Z","timestamp":1791958822978,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010897","name":"Newton Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["172698142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["172698142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyse data from 2016\u201317 from a hospital-based antimicrobial resistance surveillance with national coverage in a network of hospitals Viet Nam.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed data from 13 hospitals, 3 less than the dataset from the 2012\u201313 period. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing data from the clinical microbiology laboratories from samples sent in for routine diagnostics were used. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2018 guidelines were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing interpretation. WHONET was used for data entry, management and analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      42,553 deduplicated isolates were included in this analysis; including 30,222 (71%) Gram-negative and 12,331 (29%) Gram-positive bacteria. 8,793 (21%) were from ICUs and 7,439 (18%) isolates were from invasive infections.\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      were the most frequently detected species with 9,092 (21%) and 4,833 isolates (11%), respectively; followed by\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (3,858 isolates \u2013 9.1%) and\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      (3,870 isolates \u2013 9%). Bacteria were mainly isolated from sputum (8,798 isolates \u2013 21%), blood (7,118 isolates \u2013 17%) and urine (5,202 isolates \u2013 12%). Among Gram-positives 3,302\/4,515 isolates (73%) of\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      were MRSA; 99\/290 (34%) of\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                      were resistant to vancomycin; and 58% (663\/1,136) of\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      proportion were reduced susceptible to penicillin. Among Gram-negatives 59% (4,085\/6,953) and 40% (1,186\/2,958) of\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      produced ESBL and 29% (376\/1,298) and 11% (961\/8,830) were resistant to carbapenems, respectively. 79% (2855\/3622) and 45% (1,514\/3,376) of\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter spp.<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      were carbapenem resistant, respectively. 88% (804\/911) of\n                      <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      were ampicillin resistant and 18\/253 (7%) of\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella spp.<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 7\/46 (15%) of\n                      <jats:italic>Shigella spp.<\/jats:italic>\n                      were resistant to fluoroquinolones. The number of isolates from which data were submitted in the 2016\u20132017 period was twice as high as in 2012\u20132013. AMR proportions were higher in 2016\u20132017 for most pathogen-antimicrobial combinations of interest including imipenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      and Enterobacterales\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data show alarmingly high and increasing resistant proportions among important organisms in Viet Nam. AMR proportions varied across hospital types and should be interpreted with caution because existing sampling bias and missing information on whether isolates were community or hospital acquired. Affordable and scalable ways to adopt a sample- or case-based approach across the network should be explored and clinical data should be integrated to help provide more accurate inferences of the surveillance data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00937-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T08:03:21Z","timestamp":1620633801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results from 13 hospitals in Viet Nam: VINARES 2016\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"name":"the VINARES consortium","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3159-2064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tien Viet Dung","family":"Vu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Choisy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thi Thuy Nga","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Minh Hoang","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James I.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thi Hoi","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vu Trung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiman F. L.","family":"Wertheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngoc Thach","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Kinh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Rogier","family":"van Doorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"937_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30605-4","volume":"19","author":"A Cassini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cassini A, et al. Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis. 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