{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:38:14Z","timestamp":1777390694503,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 AG041780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AG041780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 AG050685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 AG050685"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AG024824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG024824"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Claude Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine","award":["AG024824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG024824"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple room occupancy is common in Nursing Homes (NHs), and its role in transmission of antibiotic-resistant pathogens is unclear. We investigated prevalence of patient colonization and environmental contamination with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) in NH roommates, compared it with expected prevalence, and determined specific body and environmental sites that may act as sources of roommate colonization. Roommate contamination was associated with index patient\u2019s colonization (relative risk (RR): 2.57 (95% CI 1.04\u20136.37)) for MRSA, and index patient\u2019s immediate environment contamination for VRE (RR: 3.60 (95% CI 1.59\u20138.12)). When specific index patient sites associated with roommate colonization were investigated, the side table (Fisher\u2019s p\u2009=\u20090.029 and 0.047 for VRE and MRSA, respectively) and the nurse call button (p\u2009=\u20090.001 and 0.052) stood out, together with patient hands in the case of VRE (p\u2009=\u20090.026). Future studies should be carried out to establish whether these sites should be a specific target of infection prevention campaigns in NHs with multiple occupancy rooms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00972-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T13:02:45Z","timestamp":1625490165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Not too close! impact of roommate status on MRSA and VRE colonization and contamination in Nursing Homes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3129-9263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Cassone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheon Jee","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Mantey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Lansing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lona","family":"Mody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"972_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy115","volume":"67","author":"M Cassone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cassone M, Mantey J, Perri MB, et al. Environmental panels as a proxy for nursing facility patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus colonization. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):861\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciy115.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"972_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.02.001","volume":"40","author":"WR Jarvis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jarvis WR, Jarvis AA, Chinn RY. National prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in inpatients at United States health care facilities, 2010. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40(3):194\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.02.001.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"9","key":"972_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2015.119","volume":"36","author":"MC Roghmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roghmann MC, Johnson JK, Sorkin JD, et al. Transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to healthcare worker gowns and gloves during care of nursing home residents. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015;36(9):1050\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2015.119.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"972_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/2049936114543287","volume":"2","author":"RF Chemaly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chemaly RF, Simmons S, Dale C, et al. The role of the healthcare environment in the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms: update on current best practices for containment. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2014;2(3\u20134):79\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2049936114543287.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Infect Dis"},{"issue":"30","key":"972_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16284","volume":"68","author":"K Gontjes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gontjes K, Gibson KE, Lansing BJ, Cassone M, Mody L. Contamination of common area and rehabilitation gym environment with multidrug-resistant organisms. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020;68(30):478\u201385.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"972_CR6","first-page":"ofz519","volume":"11","author":"M Cassone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cassone M, Zhu Z, Mantey J, et al. Interplay between patient colonization and environmental contamination with vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and their association with patient health outcomes in post-acute care. Open Forum Inf Dis. 2019;11(7):ofz519.","journal-title":"Open Forum Inf Dis"},{"issue":"18","key":"972_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.18.1945","volume":"166","author":"SS Huang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huang SS, Datta R, Platt R. Risk of acquiring antibiotic-resistant bacteria from prior room occupants. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(18):1945\u201351.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"972_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S124382","volume":"9","author":"B Cohen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cohen B, Cohen CC, L\u00f8yland B, Larson EL. Transmission of health care-associated infections from roommates and prior room occupants: a systematic review. Clin Epidemiol. 2017;9:297\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CLEP.S124382.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"972_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy194","volume":"67","author":"L Mody","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mody L, Foxman B, Bradley S, et al. Longitudinal assessment of multidrug-resistant organisms in newly admitted nursing facility patients: implications for an evolving population. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):837\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciy194.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"972_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv356","volume":"71","author":"N Tijet","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tijet N, Muller MP, Matukas LM, Khan A, Patel SN, Melano RG. Lateral dissemination and inter-patient transmission of blaKPC-3: role of a conjugative plasmid in spreading carbapenem resistance. 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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29(7):600\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/588567.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"972_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8020203","volume":"8","author":"CL Correa-Martinez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Correa-Martinez CL, T\u00f6nnies H, Frob\u00f6se NJ, Mellmann A, Kampmeier S. Transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the hospital setting: uncovering the patient-environment interplay. Microorganisms. 2020;8(2):203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms8020203.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"10","key":"972_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2016.03.044","volume":"44","author":"CD Ford","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ford CD, Lopansri BK, Gazdik MA, et al. Room contamination, patient colonization pressure, and the risk of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus colonization on a unit dedicated to the treatment of hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 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The parent study was approved by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"104"}}