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Patients were clinically explored before and 3\u00a0months after the treatment and the difference in probing depth was determined [Reduction of probing depth (\u0394 PD)\u2009=\u2009baseline PD\u00a0\u2013\u00a0finial probing depth (FPD)] which is considered as the therapeutic evaluation. Three different levels were analyzed: patients, teeth and sites to construct a multi-layer linear model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Probing depth (PD) improved significantly compared with that before treatment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), in which FPD was (3.90\u2009\u00b1\u20091.39) mm, and the \u0394PD was (1.79\u2009\u00b1\u20090.97) mm. Compared with the mesial sites and distal sites of the multi-rooted teeth, the number of PD\u2009\u2265\u20095\u00a0mm or PD\u2009&lt;\u20095\u00a0mm after the treatment was significantly different (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and the proportion of PD\u2009&lt;\u20095\u00a0mm was higher in mesial sites. The null model showed that \u0394 PD varied greatly between groups at various levels (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with prediction variable of site level, tooth level, and patient level accounted for 66%, 18%, and 16% of the overall difference, respectively. The complete model showed that the \u0394 PD of smokers was significantly lower than that of non-smokers (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The \u0394 PD of the mesial and distal sites was larger than that of the buccolingual central site (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The \u0394 PD of single-rooted teeth was larger than that of multi-rooted teeth (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The baseline PD, tooth mobility (TM), bleeding index (BI), clinical attachment loss (CAL) were significantly negatively correlated with \u0394 PD (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with periodontitis from stage II to stage IV, who were non-smoking, have good compliance, good awareness of oral health, and low percentage sites with PD\u2009\u2265\u20095\u00a0mm at baseline, single-rooted teeth with hypomobility, less clinical attachment loss and lower bleeding index and sites of mesial or distal can obtain an ideal short-term efficacy of non-surgical treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-021-00520-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T11:34:29Z","timestamp":1622547269000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prognostic factors affecting the short-term efficacy of non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a multilevel modeling analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hui-Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ao-Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan-Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiu-Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"520_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.job.2014.08.001","volume":"57","author":"ACR Tanner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tanner ACR. 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