{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:01:34Z","timestamp":1790841694497,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Med Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coronavirus Disease-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) started its devastating trajectory into a global pandemic in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Ever since, several variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified. In the present review, we aimed to characterize the different variants of SARS-CoV-2 and explore the related morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review including the current evidence related to different variants of SARS-CoV-2 and the related morbidity and mortality was conducted through a systematic search utilizing the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct; we retrieved all related papers and reports published in English from December 2019 to September 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A review of identified articles has shown three main genomic variants, including type A, type B, and type C. we also identified three clades including S, V, and G. Studies have demonstrated that the C14408T and A23403G alterations in the Nsp12 and S proteins are the most prominent alterations in the world, leading to life-threatening mutations.The spike D614G amino acid change has become the most common variant since December 2019. From missense mutations found from Gujarat SARS-CoV-2 genomes, C28854T, deleterious mutation in the nucleocapsid (N) gene was significantly associated with patients' mortality. The other significant deleterious variant (G25563T) is found in patients located in Orf3a and has a potential role in viral pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, researchers identified several SARS-CoV-2 variants changing clinical manifestations and increasing the transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19. This should be considered in current practice and interventions to combat the pandemic and prevent related morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-021-00524-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T03:02:56Z","timestamp":1623121376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 different variants and related morbidity and mortality: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"SeyedAhmad","family":"SeyedAlinaghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pegah","family":"Mirzapour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Dadras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Pashaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirali","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehrzad","family":"MohsseniPour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Soleymanzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Barzegary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir Masoud","family":"Afsahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzin","family":"Vahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmadreza","family":"Shamsabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzane","family":"Behnezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solmaz","family":"Saeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4108-2973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Mehraeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Shayesteh Jahanfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"524_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06120-6","author":"M Esmaeil","year":"2020","unstructured":"Esmaeil M, Farzane B, Mohammad AS, Tayebeh N, Hamid H, SeyedAhmad S. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a review of current evidence. Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-020-06120-6.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol"},{"key":"524_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/archcid.102978","author":"E Mehraeen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mehraeen E, Hayati B, Saeidi S, Heydari M, Seyed AS. Self-care instructions for people not requiring hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/archcid.102978.","journal-title":"Arch Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"524_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0248009","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248009","volume":"16","author":"A De Vito","year":"2021","unstructured":"De Vito A, Fiore V, Princic E, Geremia N, Panu Napodano CM, Muredda AA, et al. Predictors of infection, symptoms development, and mortality in people with SARS-CoV-2 living in retirement nursing homes. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(3):e0248009-e.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"14","key":"524_CR4","first-page":"7861","volume":"24","author":"A De Vito","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Vito A, Fau GN, Fiore V, Fau FV, Princic E, Fau PE, Babudieri S, Fau BS, Madeddu G, Madeddu G. Clinical features, laboratory findings and predictors of death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Sardinia Italy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020;24(14):7861\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"524_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26204","volume":"42","author":"LA-OX Vaira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vaira LA-OX, Deiana G, Fois AG, Pirina P, Madeddu G, De Vito A, et al. Objective evaluation of anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 patients: single\u2013center experience on 72 cases. Head neack. 2020;42:1252\u20138.","journal-title":"Head neack"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13427","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13427","volume":"51","author":"A Zinellu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zinellu A, Arru F, De Vito A, Sassu A, Valdes G, Scano V, et al. The De Ritis ratio as prognostic biomarker of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. Eur J Clin Invest. 2021;51(1):13427.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"524_CR7","first-page":"373","volume":"18","author":"S SeyedAlinaghi","year":"2020","unstructured":"SeyedAlinaghi S, Ghadimi M, Hajiabdolbaghi M, Rasoolinejad M, Abbasian L, Nezhad MH, et al. Prevalence of COVID-19-like symptoms among people living with HIV, and using antiretroviral therapy for prevention and treatment. Curr HIV Res. 2020;18:373\u201380.","journal-title":"Curr HIV Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"524_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.07.032","volume":"26","author":"A Jary","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jary A, Leducq V, Malet I, Marot S, Klement-Frutos E, Teyssou E, et al. Evolution of viral quasispecies during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(11):1560-e1.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"524_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104390","volume":"84","author":"DA \u00c1lvarez-D\u00edaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-D\u00edaz DA, Franco-Mu\u00f1oz C, Laiton-Donato K, Usme-Ciro JA, Franco-Sierra ND, Fl\u00f3rez-S\u00e1nchez AC, et al. Molecular analysis of several in-house rRT-PCR protocols for SARS-CoV-2 detection in the context of genetic variability of the virus in Colombia. Infect Genet Evolut. 2020;84:104390.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evolut"},{"key":"524_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104389","volume":"84","author":"SM Lokman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lokman SM, Rasheduzzaman M, Salauddin A, Barua R, Tanzina AY, Rumi MH, et al. Exploring the genomic and proteomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: a computational biology approach. Infect Genet Evolut. 2020;84:104389.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evolut"},{"key":"524_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.043","volume":"182","author":"B Korber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Korber B, Fischer WM, Gnanakaran S, Yoon H, Theiler J, Abfalterer W, et al. Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus. Cell. 2020;182:812\u201327.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7798","key":"524_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3","volume":"579","author":"F Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu F, Zhao S, Yu B, Chen Y-M, Wang W, Song Z-G, et al. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature. 2020;579(7798):265\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"524_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01610-20","author":"YCF Su","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su YCF, Anderson DE, Young BE, Linster M, Zhu F, Jayakumar J, et al. Discovery and genomic characterization of a 382-nucleotide deletion in ORF7b and ORF8 during the early evolution of SARS-CoV-2. MBio. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.01610-20.","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1782271","volume":"9","author":"Y-N Gong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gong Y-N, Tsao K-C, Hsiao M-J, Huang C-G, Huang P-N, Huang P-W, et al. SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance in Taiwan revealed novel ORF8-deletion mutant and clade possibly associated with infections in middle East. Emerg Microb Infect. 2020;9(1):1457\u201366.","journal-title":"Emerg Microb Infect"},{"issue":"5664","key":"524_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092002","volume":"303","author":"Consortium CSME","year":"2004","unstructured":"Consortium CSME. Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China. Science. 2004;303(5664):1666\u20139.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"524_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0118-9","volume":"17","author":"J Cui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cui J, Li F, Shi Z-L. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2018;17(3):181\u201392.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33487-8","volume":"8","author":"D Muth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muth D, Corman VM, Roth H, Binger T, Dijkman R, Gottula LT, et al. Attenuation of replication by a 29 nucleotide deletion in SARS-coronavirus acquired during the early stages of human-to-human transmission. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):1\u20131.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"524_CR18","first-page":"154","volume":"7","author":"L Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang L, Yang J-R, Zhang Z, Lin Z. Genomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 suggest multiple outbreak sources of transmission. medRxiv. 2020;7:154.","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"issue":"7816","key":"524_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2286-9","volume":"583","author":"DE Gordon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gordon DE, Jang GM, Bouhaddou M, Xu J, Obernier K, White KM, et al. A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing. Nature. 2020;583(7816):459\u201368.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"524_CR20","first-page":"157","volume":"91","author":"D Bhowmik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhowmik D, Pal S, Lahiri A, Talukdar A, Paul S. Emergence of multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 with signature structural changes. bioRxiv. 2020;91:157.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"10","key":"524_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9100829","volume":"9","author":"T Alouane","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alouane T, Laamarti M, Essabbar A, Hakmi M, Bouricha EM, Chemao-Elfihri M, et al. Genomic diversity and hotspot mutations in 30,983 SARS-CoV-2 genomes: moving toward a universal vaccine for the \u201cconfined virus\u201d? Pathogens. 2020;9(10):829.","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"524_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101711","volume":"35","author":"JA Al-Tawfiq","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al-Tawfiq JA, Leonardi R, Fasoli G, Rigamonti D. Prevalence and fatality rates of COVID-19: what are the reasons for the wide variations worldwide? Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;35:101711.","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"524_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15039","volume":"22","author":"J Armengaud","year":"2020","unstructured":"Armengaud J, Delaunay-Moisan A, Thuret JY, Van Anken E, Acosta-Alvear D, Arag\u00f3n T, et al. The importance of naturally attenuated Sars-Cov-2 in the fight against Covid-19. Environ Microbiol. 2020;22(6):1997\u20132000.","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"524_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s12088-020-00869-4","volume":"160","author":"A Bajaj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bajaj A, Purohit HJ. Understanding SARS-CoV-2: genetic diversity, transmission and cure in human. Indian J Microbiol. 2020;160:398\u2013401.","journal-title":"Indian J Microbiol"},{"key":"524_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104445","volume":"85","author":"S Laha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Laha S, Chakraborty J, Das S, Manna SK, Biswas S, Chatterjee R. Characterizations of SARS-CoV-2 mutational profile, spike protein stability and viral transmission. Infect Genet Evolut. 2020;85:104445.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evolut"},{"key":"524_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109877","volume":"143","author":"SK Biswas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Biswas SK, Mudi SR. Genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 may explain variable severity of COVID-19. Med Hypotheses. 2020;143:109877.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"524_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.14080","volume":"74","author":"NW Blackstone","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blackstone NW, Blackstone SR, Berg AT. Variation and multilevel selection of SARS-CoV-2. Evolution. 2020;74:2429\u201334.","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"524_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2020.05.006","volume":"7","author":"C Canhui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Canhui C, Huang L, Liu K, Ma K, Tian Y, Qin Y, et al. Amino acid variation analysis of surface spike glycoprotein at 614 in SARS-CoV-2 strains. Genes Dis. 2020;7:567\u201377.","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"key":"524_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25797","volume":"92","author":"AE Castillo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Castillo AE, Parra B, Tapia P, Acevedo A, Lagos J, Andrade W, et al. Phylogenetic analysis of the first four SARS-CoV-2 cases in Chile. J Med virol. 2020;92:1562\u20136.","journal-title":"J Med virol"},{"key":"524_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03456-20","author":"J Everett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Everett J, Hokama P, Roche AM, Reddy S, Hwang Y, Kessler L, et al. SARS-CoV-2 genomic variation in space and time in hospitalized patients in philadelphia. MBio. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.03456-20.","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"524_CR31","first-page":"7861","volume":"9","author":"D Forni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forni D, Cagliani R, Pontremoli C, Mozzi A, Pozzoli U, Clerici M, et al. Antigenic variation of SARS-CoV-2 in response to immune pressure. Mol Ecol. 2020;9:7861.","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"issue":"17","key":"524_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9241","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2004999117","volume":"117","author":"P Forster","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forster P, Forster L, Renfrew C, Forster M. Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2020;117(17):9241\u20133.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"524_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.266221.120","volume":"30","author":"A G\u00f3mez-Carballa","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Carballa A, Bello X, Pardo-Seco J, Martin\u00f3n-Torres F, Salas A. Mapping genome variation of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide highlights the impact of COVID-19 super-spreaders. Genome Res. 2020;30(10):1434\u201348.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"524_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.23812\/20-359-L-35","volume":"34","author":"A Goren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goren A, Wambier C, McCoy J, Shapiro J, Va\u00f1o-Galv\u00e1n S, Herrera S, et al. Clock genes may drive seasonal variation in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity: are we due for a second wave of COVID-19 in the fall? J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2020;34(4):1455\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23812\/20-359-L-35.","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents."},{"key":"524_CR35","first-page":"375","volume":"110","author":"A Graudenzi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Graudenzi A, Maspero D, Angaroni F, Piazza R, Ramazzotti D. Mutational signatures and heterogeneous host response revealed via large-scale characterization of SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity. bioRxiv. 2020;110:375.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"524_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13748","volume":"68","author":"OK Islam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Islam OK, Al-Emran HM, Hasan MS, Anwar A, Jahid MIK, Hossain MA. Emergence of European and north American mutant variants of SARS-CoV-2 in South\u2013East Asia. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2020;68:824\u201332.","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"524_CR37","first-page":"200636","volume":"7","author":"A Jain","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jain A, Rophina M, Mahajan S, Krishnan BB, Sharma M, Mandal S, et al. Analysis of the potential impact of genomic variants in SARS-CoV-2 genomes from India on molecular diagnostic assays. bioRxiv. 2020;7:200636.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"524_CR38","first-page":"549","volume":"555","author":"M Joshi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joshi M, Puvar A, Kumar D, Ansari A, Pandya M, Raval J, et al. Genomic variations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Gujarat: underlying role of variants in disease epidemiology. bioRxiv. 2020;555:549.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"524_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100752","volume":"20","author":"Y Junejo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Junejo Y, Ozaslan M, Safdar M, Khailany RA, Rehman S, Yousaf W, et al. Novel SARS-CoV-2\/COVID-19: origin, pathogenesis, genes and genetic variations, immune responses and phylogenetic analysis. Gene Rep. 2020;20:100752.","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"524_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111251","volume":"12","author":"B Kouriba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kouriba B, D\u00fcrr A, Rehn A, Sangar\u00e9 AK, Traor\u00e9 BY, Bestehorn-Willmann MS, et al. First phylogenetic analysis of Malian SARS-coV-2 sequences provides molecular insights into the genomic diversity of the Sahel region. Viruses. 2020;12(11):1251.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"7","key":"524_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.20.253591","volume":"98","author":"T Koyama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koyama T, Platt D, Parida L. Variant analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Bull World Health Organ. 2020;98(7):495.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"524_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.07.024","volume":"99","author":"L Kozlovskaya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kozlovskaya L, Piniaeva A, Ignatyev G, Selivanov A, Shishova A, Kovpak A, et al. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants collected in Russia during the COVID-19 outbreak. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;99:40\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"524_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11091010","volume":"11","author":"A Latini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Latini A, Agolini E, Novelli A, Borgiani P, Giannini R, Gravina P, et al. COVID-19 and genetic variants of protein involved in the SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cells. Genes. 2020;11(9):1010.","journal-title":"Genes"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1756700","volume":"9","author":"S-Y Lau","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lau S-Y, Wang P, Mok BW-Y, Zhang AJ, Chu H, Lee AC-Y, et al. Attenuated SARS-CoV-2 variants with deletions at the S1\/S2 junction. Emerg Microb Infect. 2020;9(1):837\u201342.","journal-title":"Emerg Microb Infect"},{"key":"524_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12717","volume":"63","author":"JW Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee JW, Lee IH, Sato T, Kong SW, Iimura T. Genetic variation analyses indicate conserved SARS-CoV-2-host interaction and varied genetic adaptation in immune-response factors in modern human evolution. Dev Growth Differ. 2021;63:219\u201327.","journal-title":"Dev Growth Differ"},{"key":"524_CR46","first-page":"536","volume":"5","author":"S Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu S, Shen J, Fang S, Li K, Liu J, Yang L, et al. Genetic spectrum and distinct evolution patterns of SARS-CoV-2. medRxiv. 2020;5:536.","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"524_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104389","volume":"84","author":"SM Lokman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lokman SM, Rasheduzzaman M, Salauddin A, Barua R, Tanzina AY, Rumi MH, et al. Exploring the genomic and proteomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein a computational biology approach. Infect Genet Evol. 2020;84:104389.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.14.SPL1.35","volume":"14","author":"AN Muhammad Ansori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Muhammad Ansori AN, Dhea Kharisma V, Sabilil Muttaqin S, Antonius Y, Parikesit AA. Genetic variant of SARS-CoV-2 isolates in Indonesia: spike glycoprotein gene. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2020;14(1):971\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pure Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"524_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0237559","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237559","volume":"15","author":"M Mukherjee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mukherjee M, Goswami S. Global cataloguing of variations in untranslated regions of viral genome and prediction of key host RNA binding protein-microRNA interactions modulating genome stability in SARS-CoV-2. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(8):e0237559.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"524_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02344-6","volume":"18","author":"M Pachetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pachetti M, Marini B, Benedetti F, Giudici F, Mauro E, Storici P, et al. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutation hot spots include a novel RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase variant. J Transl Med. 2020;18:1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"524_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9648","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.9648","volume":"8","author":"AY Panchin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Panchin AY, Panchin YV. Excessive G\u2013U transversions in novel allele variants in SARS-CoV-2 genomes. PeerJ. 2020;8:e9648.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.364","volume":"42","author":"J Pardo-Seco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pardo-Seco J, G\u00f3mez-Carballa A, Bello X, Martin\u00f3n-Torres F, Salas A. Pitfalls of barcodes in the study of worldwide SARS-CoV-2 variation and phylodynamics. Zool Res. 2021;42(1):87.","journal-title":"Zool Res"},{"key":"524_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9576","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.9576","volume":"8","author":"A Parlikar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parlikar A, Kalia K, Sinha S, Patnaik S, Sharma N, Vemuri SG, et al. Understanding genomic diversity, pan-genome, and evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Peer J. 2020;8:e9576.","journal-title":"Peer J"},{"key":"524_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.06.027","volume":"97","author":"L Pe\u00f1arrubia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1arrubia L, Ruiz M, Porco R, Rao SN, Juanola-Falgarona M, Manissero D, et al. Multiple assays in a real-time RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 panel can mitigate the risk of loss of sensitivity by new genomic variants during the COVID-19 outbreak. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;97:225\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"241","key":"524_CR55","first-page":"2","volume":"105","author":"L Pe\u00f1arrubia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1arrubia L, Ruiz M, Porco R, Rao SN, Vella SA, Juanola-Falgarona M, et al. In response to: multiple assays in a real-time RT-PCR severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) panel can mitigate the risk of loss of sensitivity by new genomic variants during the COVID-19 outbreak. Intern J Infect Dis. 2021;105(241):2.","journal-title":"Intern J Infect Dis"},{"key":"524_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-0693-3","volume":"52","author":"S Portelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Portelli S, Olshansky M, Rodrigues CHM, D\u2019Souza EN, Myung Y, Silk M, et al. Exploring the structural distribution of genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 with the COVID-3D online resource. Nat Genet. 2020;52:999\u20131001.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"524_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26001","volume":"10","author":"JA Poterico","year":"2020","unstructured":"Poterico JA, Mestanza O. Genetic variants and source of introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in South America. J Med Virol. 2020;10:2139\u201345.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"524_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26122","volume":"93","author":"PE Romero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Romero PE. Comment on \u201cGenetic variants and source of introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in South America.\u201d J Med Virol. 2020;93:28\u20139.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"524_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.268961.120","volume":"31","author":"N Sapoval","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sapoval N, Mahmoud M, Jochum M, Liu Y, Elworth RL, Wang Q, et al. Hidden genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2: implications for qRT-PCR diagnostics and transmission. Genome Res. 2021;31:635\u201344.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"524_CR60","first-page":"801","volume":"166","author":"R Sarkar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sarkar R, Mitra S, Chandra P, Saha P, Banerjee A, Dutta S, et al. Comprehensive analysis of genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in different geographic regions of India: an endeavour to classify Indian SARS-CoV-2 strains on the basis of co-existing mutations. Adv Virol. 2021;166(3):801\u201312.","journal-title":"Adv Virol"},{"key":"524_CR61","first-page":"536","volume":"4","author":"Z Shen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shen Z, Xiao Y, Kang L, Ma W, Shi L, Zhang L, et al. Genomic diversity of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 in patients with coronavirus disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;4:536.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"524_CR62","first-page":"154","volume":"12","author":"PK Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh PK, Kulsum U, Rufai SB, Mudliar SR, Singh S. Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 leading to antigenic variations in spike protein: a challenge in vaccine development. J Lab Phys. 2020;12(2):154\u201360.","journal-title":"J Lab Phys"},{"issue":"18","key":"524_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01056","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01056-20","volume":"94","author":"B Taboada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taboada B, Vazquez-Perez JA, Mu\u00f1oz-Medina JE, Ramos-Cervantes P, Escalera-zamudio M, Boukadida C, et al. Genomic analysis of early SARS-coV-2 variants introduced in Mexico. J Virol. 2020;94(18):e01056\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.01056-20.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"524_CR64","first-page":"997","volume":"181","author":"PM Thielen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thielen PM, Wohl S, Mehoke T, Ramakrishnan S, Kirsche M, Falade-Nwulia O, et al. Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 during early introduction into the united states national capital region. MedRxiv. 2020;181:997.","journal-title":"MedRxiv"},{"key":"524_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-020-0808-9","volume":"65","author":"Y Toyoshima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Toyoshima Y, Nemoto K, Matsumoto S, Nakamura Y, Kiyotani K. SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations associated with mortality rate of COVID-19. J Hum Genet. 2020;65:1075\u201382.","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"524_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3906\/biy-2005-111","volume":"44","author":"OM Ugurel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ugurel OM, Ata O, Turgut-Balik D. An updated analysis of variations in SARS-CoV-2 genome. Turkish J Biol Turk Biyoloji Dergisi. 2020;44(3):157\u201367.","journal-title":"Turkish J Biol Turk Biyoloji Dergisi."},{"key":"524_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104351","volume":"83","author":"L van Dorp","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Dorp L, Acman M, Richard D, Shaw LP, Ford CE, Ormond L, et al. Emergence of genomic diversity and recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2. Infect Genet Evol. 2020;83:104351.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"6","key":"524_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25762","volume":"92","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang C, Liu Z, Chen Z, Huang X, Xu M, He T, et al. The establishment of reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 and variation analysis. J Med Virol. 2020;92(6):667\u201374.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00751-4","volume":"12","author":"M Xiao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xiao M, Liu X, Ji J, Li M, Li J, Yang L, et al. Multiple approaches for massively parallel sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genomes directly from clinical samples. Genome Med. 2020;12(1):1\u201315.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"524_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2006.06009","volume":"30","author":"PSX Yap","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yap PSX, Tan TS, Chan YF, Tee KK, Kamarulzaman A, Teh CSJ. An Overview of the Genetic Variations of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes isolated in Southeast Asian countries. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020;30(7):962\u20136.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"524_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evab015","volume":"13","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Liu G, Meng K, Yang L, Liu D, Meng G. Rapid spread of mutant alleles in worldwide SARS-CoV-2 strains revealed by genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism and variation analysis. Genome Biol Evol. 2021;13(2):15.","journal-title":"Genome Biol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1906757","volume":"10","author":"F Novazzi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Novazzi F, Genoni A, Spezia PG, Focosi D, Zago C, Colombo A, et al. Introduction of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 20h\/501Y. V2 (B. 1.351) from Malawi to Italy. Emerg Microb Infect. 2021;10(1):710\u20132.","journal-title":"Emerg Microb Infect"},{"key":"524_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abh2644","volume":"372","author":"NR Faria","year":"2021","unstructured":"Faria NR, Mellan TA, Whittaker C, Claro IM, Candido DdS, Mishra S, et al. Genomics and epidemiology of the P. 1 SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus Brazil. Science. 2021;372:815\u201321.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"524_CR74","first-page":"108950","volume":"35","author":"I Ferreira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferreira I, Datir R, Papa G, Kemp S, Meng B, Rakshit P, et al. SARS-CoV-2 B 1617 emergence and sensitivity to vaccine-elicited antibodies. bioRxiv. 2021;35:108950.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12897","volume":"296","author":"IG Ovsyannikova","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ovsyannikova IG, Haralambieva IH, Crooke SN, Poland GA, Kennedy RB. The role of host genetics in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Immunol Rev. 2020;296(1):205\u201319.","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"issue":"23","key":"524_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2299-6","volume":"73","author":"R Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanju\u00e1n R, Domingo-Calap P. Mechanisms of viral mutation. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016;73(23):4433\u201348.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00323-y","volume":"8","author":"VM Narasimhan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Narasimhan VM, Rahbari R, Scally A, Wuster A, Mason D, Xue Y, et al. Estimating the human mutation rate from autozygous segments reveals population differences in human mutational processes. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"524_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.03.2020;27:v1","author":"T Karamitros","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karamitros T, Papadopoulou G, Bousali M, Mexias A, Tsiodras S, Mentis A. SARS-CoV-2 exhibits intra-host genomic plasticity and low-frequency polymorphic quasispecies. bioRxiv. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.2020;27:v1.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"6","key":"524_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3734","volume":"15","author":"EK Karlsson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karlsson EK, Kwiatkowski DP, Sabeti PC. Natural selection and infectious disease in human populations. Nat Rev Genet. 2014;15(6):379\u201393.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-021-00516-8","volume":"26","author":"S SeyedAlinaghi","year":"2021","unstructured":"SeyedAlinaghi S, Mehrtak M, MohsseniPour M, Mirzapour P, Barzegary A, Habibi P, et al. Genetic susceptibility of COVID-19: a systematic review of current evidence. Eur J Med Res. 2021;26(1):46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00516-8.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"524_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-020-0147-1","volume":"6","author":"Y Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao Y, Li L, Feng Z, Wan S, Huang P, Sun X, et al. Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV\/SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations. Cell Discov. 2020;6(1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Cell Discov"},{"issue":"4","key":"524_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.043","volume":"182","author":"B Korber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Korber B, Fischer WM, Gnanakaran S, Yoon H, Theiler J, Abfalterer W, et al. Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus. Cell. 2020;182(4):812-27.e19.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"10223","key":"524_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30154-9","volume":"395","author":"JF-W Chan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, To KK-W, Chu H, Yang J, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the novel coronavirus indicating person to person transmission a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514\u201323.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"524_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed5020056","volume":"5","author":"A Asadollahi-Amin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asadollahi-Amin A, Hasibi M, Ghadimi F, Rezaei H, SeyedAlinaghi S. Lung Involvement Found on Chest CT Scan in a Pre-Symptomatic Person with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: a Case Report. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2020;5(2):56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/tropicalmed5020056.","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"524_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13383","volume":"25","author":"TP Velavan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Intern Health. 2020;25(3):278.","journal-title":"Trop Med Intern Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"524_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106143","volume":"56","author":"E Sekhavati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sekhavati E, Jafari F, SeyedAlinaghi S, Jamalimoghadamsiahkali S, Sadr S, Tabarestani M, et al. Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: an open-label randomised trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;56(4): https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106143.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents."},{"issue":"5","key":"524_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.02.029","volume":"80","author":"JF Bermejo-Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bermejo-Martin JF, Almansa R, Men\u00e9ndez R, Mendez R, Kelvin DJ, Torres A. Lymphopenic community acquired pneumonia as signature of severe COVID-19 infection. J Infect. 2020;80(5):e23.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"10228","key":"524_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30567-5","volume":"395","author":"RM Anderson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anderson RM, Heesterbeek H, Klinkenberg D, Hollingsworth TDJTL. How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic? Lancet. 2020;395(10228):931\u20134.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"524_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e137","author":"D-H Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim D-H, Choe YJ, Jeong J-Y. Understanding and interpretation of case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019. J Korean Med Sci. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e137.","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"524_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2020.52.2.154","volume":"52","author":"S-J Kang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kang S-J, Jung SI. Age-related morbidity and mortality among patients with COVID-19. Infect Chemothe. 2020;52(2):154.","journal-title":"Infect Chemothe"},{"issue":"9","key":"524_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa094","volume":"75","author":"DE Promislow","year":"2020","unstructured":"Promislow DE. A geroscience perspective on COVID-19 mortality. J Gerontol Ser A. 2020;75(9):e30-3.","journal-title":"J Gerontol Ser A"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00524-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00524-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00524-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T11:12:49Z","timestamp":1675422769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00524-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00524-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-783X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-783X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The present study was extracted from the research project with code IR.KHALUMS.REC.1399.001 entitled \"Investigation of effective drugs for people affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Imam Khomeyni hospital \" conducted at Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences in 2020. We thank all the participants for taking the time to contribute to the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"51"}}