{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T15:13:24Z","timestamp":1772205204856,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007641","name":"Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology Museums in China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 82071686"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 82071686"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007641","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007641","name":"Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology Museums in China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2021YFS0093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021YFS0093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007641","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases. Despite the great variety and prevalence of antiepileptic drug treatments, one-third of epilepsies remain drug resistant. The frontal lobe is extensive, and frontal lobe seizures are difficult to locate, which increases the difficulty of the preoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two previously healthy girls with refractory frontal lobe epilepsy showed significant perfusion abnormalities in the right frontal lobe using the cerebral blood perfusion (CBF) quantitative analysis system. They became seizure-free after lesionectomy of the frontal lobe by ASL combined with electroencephalography (EEG) rapid localization. The histopathological diagnosis was focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type IIa and IIb.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The positive outcome suggests that the combined use of ASL with EEG could be a beneficial option for the presurgical evaluation of pediatric epilepsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-021-00564-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T09:06:57Z","timestamp":1628240817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Arterial spin labeling for presurgical localization of refractory frontal lobe epilepsy in children"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinxiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeshan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5255-6324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"564_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.17714.1","volume":"8","author":"C Baumgartner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baumgartner C, Koren JP, Britto-Arias M, et al. Presurgical epilepsy evaluation and epilepsy surgery. F1000 Res. 2019;8:1818.","journal-title":"F1000 Res"},{"key":"564_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003042","volume":"87","author":"HE Kwon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kwon HE, Eom S, Kang HC, et al. Surgical treatment of pediatric focal cortical dysplasia: clinical spectrum and surgical outcome. Neurology. 2016;87:945\u201351.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"564_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00383-X","volume":"15","author":"JS Duncan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Duncan JS, Winston GP, Koepp MJ, et al. Brain imaging in the assessment for epilepsy surgery. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(4):420\u201333.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"564_CR4","first-page":"7","volume":"11","author":"VC Keil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keil VC, Hartkamp NS, Connolly DJA, et al. 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Arterial spin-labelling and magnetic resonance spectroscopy as imaging biomarkers for detection of epileptogenic zone in non-lesional focal impaired awareness epilepsy. Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med. 2020;51:200.","journal-title":"Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"564_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2009.05.006","volume":"37","author":"N Pendse","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pendse N, Wissmeyer M, Altrichter S, et al. Interictal arterial spin-labeling MRI perfusion in intractable epilepsy. J neuroradiol. 2010;37(1):60\u20133.","journal-title":"J neuroradiol"},{"key":"564_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.01.024","volume":"65","author":"SM Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SM, Kwon S, Lee YJ. Diagnostic usefulness of arterial spin labeling in MR negative children with new onset seizures. Seizure. 2019;65:151\u20138.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"564_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-012-1027-7","volume":"54","author":"M Oishi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oishi M, Ishida G, Morii K, et al. Ictal focal hyperperfusion demonstrated by arterial spin-labeling perfusion MRI in partial epilepsy status. Neuroradiology. 2012;54:653\u20136.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"564_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.08.001","volume":"82","author":"Y-M Lim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lim Y-M, Cho Y-W, Shamim S, et al. Usefulness of pulsed arterial spin labeling MR imaging in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. 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The requirement for informed consent was obtained from the patient\u2019s parents. There is no conflict of interest exists in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approved by all authors for publication. Informed consent was obtained from the patient.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication was obtained from all participants to the study. Data were published anonymously.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"88"}}