{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T12:39:52Z","timestamp":1758631192948,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Med Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To describe the association between hypertension and clinical outcomes in a cohort of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirty-seven (37) hospitals in the Philippines.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>10,881 patients admitted for COVID-19 from February to December 2020.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Measurements and main results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 10,881 patients included in the Philippine CORONA Study, 3647 (33.5%) had hypertension. On regression analysis adjusted for confounders (age group, sex, smoking history, diabetes, chronic cardiac disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease, chronic neurologic disease, chronic liver disease, HIV\/AIDS, and malignancy), patients with hypertension had significantly greater odds of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.17\u20131.52), respiratory failure (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.75\u20132.28), ICU admission (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.90\u20132.45) and severe\/critical disease (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.41\u20131.75), compared to patients without hypertension. The time-to-event analysis with confounder adjustment also showed that hypertension was significantly associated with shorter time-to-event outcomes of in-hospital mortality (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.26), respiratory failure (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.65\u20132.10), and ICU admission (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.76\u20132.23).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our analysis of nationwide data confirmed previous findings that hypertension is an independent risk factor for worse clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized for COVID-19, with increased odds of in-hospital mortality, respiratory failure, ICU admission, and severe\/critical COVID-19. More specific studies should be done to elucidate the impact of hypertension characteristics, such as chronicity, severity, drug therapy, and level of control on these clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-022-00969-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T05:01:36Z","timestamp":1675400496000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical outcomes in COVID-19 among patients with hypertension in the Philippine CORONA Study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5621-1833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian I.","family":"Espiritu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5239-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma. 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