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In the present manuscript, we investigate the association between IBD and MS in a German cohort of general practice patients. These results may have important implications for the screening and management of patients with IBD, as well as for further research into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying both disorders.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>4,934 individuals with IBD (11,140 with Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and 13,794 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) as well as 24,934 propensity score matched individuals without IBD were identified from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). A subsequent diagnosis of MS was analyzed as a function of IBD using Cox regression models.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After 10\u00a0years of follow-up, 0.9% and 0.7% of CD and UC patients but only 0.5% and 0.3% of matched non-IBD pairs were diagnosed with MS, respectively (p<jats:sub>CD<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.002 and p<jats:sub>UC<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Both CD (HR: 2.09; 95% CI 1.28\u20133.39) and UC (HR: 2.35; 95% CI 1.47\u20133.78) were significantly associated with a subsequent MS diagnosis. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between both CD and UC and MS was more pronounced among male patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results of our analysis suggest a notable association between IBD and a subsequent MS diagnosis. These findings warrant further pathophysiological investigation and may have clinical implications for the screening of IBD patients in the future.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-01776-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T03:01:38Z","timestamp":1710903698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increase in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study of 24,934 patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kaneschka","family":"Yaqubi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Kostev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Sch\u00fcssler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Luedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Roderburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven H.","family":"Loosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1776_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31711-1","author":"J Torres","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torres J, Mehandru S, Colombel JF, Peyrin-Biroulet L. 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