{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:44:48Z","timestamp":1781927088502,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Cultivation Unit","award":["JSDW20221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSDW20221"]}]},{"name":"Yangzhou Social Development Project","award":["YZ2023105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZ2023105"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Med Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-02498-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T04:32:14Z","timestamp":1743481934000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Red blood cell transfusion strategy in traumatic brain injury patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang-Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang-Quan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui-Qiang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2498_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30371-X","volume":"16","author":"AIR Maas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maas AIR, Menon DK, Adelson PD, Andelic N, Bell MJ, Belli A, et al. Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol. 2017;16:987\u20131048.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2498_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010947.pub2","author":"Y Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu Y, Zhang K, Zhang L, Zong H, Meng L, Han R. Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD010947.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"2498_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e539","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005460","volume":"50","author":"E Gouv\u00eaa Bogossian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gouv\u00eaa Bogossian E, Rass V, Lindner A, Iaquaniello C, Miroz JP, Cavalcante Dos Santos E, et al. Factors associated with brain tissue oxygenation changes after RBC transfusion in acute brain injury patients. Crit Care Med. 2022;50:e539-47.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2498_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1748-4","volume":"21","author":"R Badenes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Badenes R, Oddo M, Suarez JI, Antonelli M, Lipman J, Citerio G, et al. Hemoglobin concentrations and RBC transfusion thresholds in patients with acute brain injury: an international survey. Crit Care. 2017;21:159.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2498_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1321-6","volume":"20","author":"C Lelubre","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lelubre C, Bouzat P, Crippa IA, Taccone FS. Anemia management after acute brain injury. Crit Care. 2016;20:152.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2498_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2404360","volume":"391","author":"AF Turgeon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Turgeon AF, Fergusson DA, Clayton L, Patton M-P, Neveu X, Walsh TS, et al. Liberal or restrictive transfusion strategy in patients with traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2024;391:722.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2498_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1446","volume":"304","author":"LA Hajjar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hajjar LA, Vincent J-L, Galas FRBG, Nakamura RE, Silva CMP, Santos MH, et al. Transfusion requirements after cardiac surgery: the TRACS randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;304:1559.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2498_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.6490","volume":"312","author":"CS Robertson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robertson CS, Hannay HJ, Yamal JM, Gopinath S, Goodman JC, Tilley BC, et al. Effect of erythropoietin and transfusion threshold on neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014;312:36.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2498_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2273-9","volume":"23","author":"ALN Gobatto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gobatto ALN, Link MA, Solla DJ, Bassi E, Tierno PF, Paiva W, et al. Transfusion requirements after head trauma: a randomized feasibility controlled trial. Crit Care. 2019;23:89.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2498_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2593-1","volume":"38","author":"M Oddo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oddo M, Levine JM, Kumar M, Iglesias K, Frangos S, Maloney-Wilensky E, et al. Anemia and brain oxygen after severe traumatic brain injury. Intensive Care Med. 2012;38:1497\u2013504.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2498_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000162685.60609.49","volume":"33","author":"MJ Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith MJ, Stiefel MF, Magge S, Frangos S, Bloom S, Gracias V, et al. Packed red blood cell transfusion increases local cerebral oxygenation. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:1104\u20138.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2498_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2022.0056","volume":"3","author":"EY Montgomery","year":"2022","unstructured":"Montgomery EY, Barrie U, Kenfack YJ, Edukugho D, Caruso JP, Rail B, et al. Transfusion guidelines in traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the currently available evidence. Neurotrauma Rep. 2022;3:554\u201368.","journal-title":"Neurotrauma Rep"},{"key":"2498_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135","volume":"151","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:264.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2498_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366:l4898.","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"2498_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.89","volume":"12","author":"T McMillan","year":"2016","unstructured":"McMillan T, Wilson L, Ponsford J, Levin H, Teasdale G, Bond M. The glasgow outcome scale\u201440 years of application and refinement. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12:477\u201385.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2498_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2667-3","volume":"23","author":"H Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen H, Wu F, Yang P, Shao J, Chen Q, Zheng R. A meta-analysis of the effects of therapeutic hypothermia in adult patients with traumatic brain injury. Crit Care. 2019;23:396.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2498_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00386-4","volume":"386","author":"A Nichol","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nichol A, French C, Little L, Haddad S, Presneill J, Arabi Y, et al. Erythropoietin in traumatic brain injury (EPO-TBI): a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;386:2499\u2013506.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2498_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1404304","volume":"371","author":"DW Wright","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wright DW, Yeatts SD, Silbergleit R, Palesch YY, Hertzberg VS, Frankel M, et al. Very early administration of progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:2457\u201366.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2498_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","volume":"64","author":"G Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Akl EA, Kunz R, Vist G, Brozek J, et al. GRADE guidelines: 1 introduction\u2014GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64:383\u201394.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"2498_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1385\/NCC:5:1:4","volume":"5","author":"LA McIntyre","year":"2006","unstructured":"McIntyre LA, Fergusson DA, Hutchison JS, Pagliarello G, Marshall JC, Yetisir E, et al. Effect of a liberal versus restrictive transfusion strategy on mortality in patients with moderate to severe head injury. Neurocrit Care. 2006;5:4\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"2498_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3752","volume":"32","author":"J-M Yamal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yamal J-M, Rubin ML, Benoit JS, Tilley BC, Gopinath S, Hannay HJ, et al. Effect of hemoglobin transfusion threshold on cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation. J Neurotrauma. 2015;32:1239\u201345.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"2498_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.20424","author":"FS Taccone","year":"2024","unstructured":"Taccone FS, Rynkowski Bittencourt C, M\u00f8ller K, Lormans P, Quintana-D\u00edaz M, Caricato A, et al. Restrictive vs liberal transfusion strategy in patients with acute brain injury: the TRAIN randomized clinical trial. Jama. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2024.20424.","journal-title":"Jama."},{"key":"2498_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-014-0096-3","volume":"23","author":"DE Griesdale","year":"2015","unstructured":"Griesdale DE, Sekhon MS, Menon DK, Lavinio A, Donnelly J, Robba C, et al. Hemoglobin area and time index above 90 g\/L are associated with improved 6-month functional outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care. 2015;23:78\u201384.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"2498_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-022-05144-7","volume":"164","author":"E Schmitt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schmitt E, Meybohm P, Neef V, Baumgarten P, Bayer A, Choorapoikayil S, et al. Preoperative anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid and intracerebral haemorrhage\u2014a multicentre subanalysis of the german PBM network registry. Acta Neurochir (wien). 2022;164:985\u201399.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (wien)"},{"key":"2498_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa066240","volume":"356","author":"J Lacroix","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lacroix J, H\u00e9bert PC, Hutchison JS, Hume HA, Tucci M, Ducruet T, et al. Transfusion strategies for patients in pediatric intensive care units. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1609\u201319.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2498_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181719b35","volume":"66","author":"HK Tango","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tango HK, Schmidt AP, Mizumoto N, Lacava M, Auler JOC. Low hematocrit levels increase intracranial pressure in an animal model of cryogenic brain injury. J Trauma Injury Infect Cri Care. 2009;66:720\u20136.","journal-title":"J Trauma Injury Infect Cri Care"},{"key":"2498_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2021.1940850","volume":"37","author":"WA Florez-Perdomo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Florez-Perdomo WA, Garc\u00eda-Ballestas E, Martinez-Perez R, Agrawal A, Deora H, Joaquim AF, et al. Hemoglobin levels as a transfusion criterion in moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Neurosurg. 2023;37:1473\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2498_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.1565","volume":"153","author":"R Goel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goel R, Patel EU, Cushing MM, Frank SM, Ness PM, Takemoto CM, et al. Association of perioperative red blood cell transfusions with venous thromboembolism in a North American registry. JAMA Surg. 2018;153:826.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"2498_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13274","volume":"117","author":"M Maimaitiming","year":"2022","unstructured":"Maimaitiming M, Zhang C, Xie J, Zheng Z, Luo H, Ooi OC. Impact of restrictive red blood cell transfusion strategy on thrombosis-related events: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Vox Sang. 2022;117:887\u201399.","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"2498_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-10-860809","volume":"133","author":"JW Semple","year":"2019","unstructured":"Semple JW, Rebetz J, Kapur R. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload and transfusion-related acute lung injury. Blood. 2019;133:1840\u201353.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2498_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000513","volume":"122","author":"L Clifford","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clifford L, Jia Q, Yadav H, Subramanian A, Wilson GA, Murphy SP, et al. Characterizing the epidemiology of perioperative transfusion-associated circulatory overload. Anesthesiology. 2015;122:21\u20138.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2498_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06303-z","volume":"46","author":"NP Juffermans","year":"2020","unstructured":"Juffermans NP, Aubron C, Duranteau J, Vlaar APJ, Kor DJ, Muszynski JA, et al. Transfusion in the mechanically ventilated patient. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46:2450\u20137.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2498_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181b39f1b","volume":"37","author":"LM Napolitano","year":"2009","unstructured":"Napolitano LM, Kurek S, Luchette FA, Corwin HL, Barie PS, Tisherman SA, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Red blood cell transfusion in adult trauma and critical care. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:3124\u201357.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2498_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2007.0402","volume":"25","author":"FA Pennings","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pennings FA, Schuurman PR, Van Den Munckhof P, Bouma GJ. Brain tissue oxygen pressure monitoring in awake patients during functional neurosurgery: the assessment of normal values. J Neurotrauma. 2008;25:1173\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"2498_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002619","volume":"45","author":"DO Okonkwo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Okonkwo DO, Shutter LA, Moore C, Temkin NR, Puccio AM, Madden CJ, et al. Brain oxygen optimization in severe traumatic brain injury phase-II: a phase II randomized trial. Crit Care Med. 2017;45:1907\u201314.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2498_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-3930-y","volume":"41","author":"PJ Hutchinson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hutchinson PJ, Jalloh I, Helmy A, Carpenter KLH, Rostami E, Bellander B-M, et al. Consensus statement from the 2014 international microdialysis forum. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41:1517\u201328.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2498_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085540","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1085540","volume":"14","author":"MG Stovell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stovell MG, Helmy A, Thelin EP, Jalloh I, Hutchinson PJ, Carpenter KLH. An overview of clinical cerebral microdialysis in acute brain injury. Front Neurol. 2023;14:1085540.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2498_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00601","volume":"8","author":"L Carteron","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carteron L, Bouzat P, Oddo M. Cerebral microdialysis monitoring to improve individualized neurointensive care therapy: an update of recent clinical data. Front Neurol. 2017;8:601.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-025-02498-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40001-025-02498-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-025-02498-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T04:33:32Z","timestamp":1743482012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40001-025-02498-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2498"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-025-02498-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-783X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-783X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"220"}}