{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T13:44:16Z","timestamp":1778247856104,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82172190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Med Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-03702-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T18:14:39Z","timestamp":1766686479000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange versus conventional facemask breathing for preoxygenation during anesthesia induction in TBI surgery: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"31","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"chictr2300073951","registry":"10.18810\/chictr"}],"author":[{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"3702_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002332","volume":"14","author":"P Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng P, Yin P, Ning P, et al. Trends in traumatic brain injury mortality in China, 2006\u20132013: a population-based longitudinal study. PLoS Med. 2017;14:e1002332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002332.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"3702_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2019.11.001","volume":"104","author":"A Capizzi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Capizzi A, Woo J, Verduzco-Gutierrez M. Traumatic brain injury: an overview of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and medical management. Med Clin North Am. 2020;104:213\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcna.2019.11.001.","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"3702_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06884-x","volume":"48","author":"E Rezoagli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rezoagli E, Petrosino M, Rebora P, et al. High arterial oxygen levels and supplemental oxygen administration in traumatic brain injury: insights from CENTER-TBI and OzENTER-TBI. Intensive Care Med. 2022;48:1709\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-022-06884-x.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"3702_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-2993(99)80089-X","volume":"51","author":"AM Brambrink","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brambrink AM, Ichord RN, Martin LJ, et al. Poor outcome after hypoxia-ischemia in newborns is associated with physiological abnormalities during early recovery. Possible relevance to secondary brain injury after head trauma in infants. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999;51:151\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0940-2993(99)80089-X.","journal-title":"Exp Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"3702_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2022.03.012","volume":"39","author":"C Girault","year":"2022","unstructured":"Girault C, Boyer D, Jolly G, et al. Operating principles, physiological effects and practical issues of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy. Rev Mal Respir. 2022;39:455\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmr.2022.03.012.","journal-title":"Rev Mal Respir"},{"key":"3702_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.0940","volume":"26","author":"DP Davis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Davis DP, Meade W, Sise MJ, et al. Both hypoxemia and extreme hyperoxemia may be detrimental in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2009;26:2217\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2009.0940.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"3702_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000620","volume":"32","author":"F Mathieu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mathieu F, Khellaf A, Ku JC, et al. Continuous near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring in adult traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2020;32:288\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000620.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"3702_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.11915\/j.issn.1671-5403.2021.10.157","volume":"10","author":"Z Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Z, Zhang RJ, Han ZT. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange in patients with respiratory failure. Chin Crit Care Med. 2021;10:756\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11915\/j.issn.1671-5403.2021.10.157. (In Chinese.).","journal-title":"Chin Crit Care Med"},{"key":"3702_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201707-548FR","volume":"15","author":"MG Drake","year":"2018","unstructured":"Drake MG. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen in adults: an evidence-based assessment. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15:145\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201707-548FR.","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"3702_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.5152\/TJAR.2023.21116","volume":"51","author":"GM Koksal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koksal GM, Akyol BC, El-Khatib M, et al. Non-invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula in head\/brain injury with risk of pneumocephalus: is there a potential application? Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim. 2023;51:80\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/TJAR.2023.21116.","journal-title":"Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim"},{"key":"3702_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201605-0916OC","volume":"195","author":"T Mauri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mauri T, Turrini C, Eronia N, et al. Physiologic effects of high-flow nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195:1207\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201605-0916OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3702_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn131073.20220622.01108","volume":"42","author":"YY Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding YY, Zhang Y, Xu LL. Effect of transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange on reflux and microaspiration during induction of general anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Chin J Anesthesiol. 2022;42(11):1310\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn131073.20220622.01108. (In Chinese.).","journal-title":"Chin J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"3702_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5305-7","volume":"44","author":"C Robba","year":"2018","unstructured":"Robba C, Santori G, Czosnyka M, et al. Optic nerve sheath diameter measured sonographically as non-invasive estimator of intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2018;44:1284\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-018-5305-7.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"3702_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5542","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.908520","volume":"24","author":"A Kaydu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaydu A, Gokcek E. Preoperative assessment of ultrasonographic measurement of antral area for gastric content. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:5542\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.908520.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"7","key":"3702_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.12122\/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.16","volume":"42","author":"QX Cai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cai QX, Ma WH, Wu CN. Transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange ensures safety during induction of general anesthesia tracheal intubation in elderly patients. J Southern Med Univ. 2022;42(7):1069\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12122\/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.16. (In Chinese.).","journal-title":"J Southern Med Univ"},{"key":"3702_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00446","volume":"10","author":"ZS Gan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gan ZS, Stein SC, Swanson R, et al. Blood biomarkers for traumatic brain injury: a quantitative assessment of diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. Front Neurol. 2019;10:446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2019.00446.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3702_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1008-9691.2023.01.009","volume":"30","author":"SS Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang SS, Liu J, Chen YD. Comparison of the effects of transnasal high-flow oxygen therapy and conventional oxygen therapy in patients with acute medium-sized craniocerebral injuries. Chin J Integr Tradl Western Med Intensive Crit Care. 2023;30(1):42\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1008-9691.2023.01.009. (In Chinese.).","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Tradl Western Med Intensive Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"3702_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1006-9771.2020.01.019","volume":"26","author":"WX Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu WX, Hou BR, Wang DF. Clinical significance of dynamic monitoring of local cerebral oxygen saturation after severe traumatic brain injury. Chinese J Rehabilitat Theory Practice. 2020;26(1):106\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1006-9771.2020.01.019. (In Chinese.).","journal-title":"Chinese J Rehabilitat Theory Practice"},{"key":"3702_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002812","volume":"128","author":"T Scheeren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scheeren T, Kuizenga MH, Maurer H, et al. Electroencephalography and brain oxygenation monitoring in the perioperative period. Anesth Analg. 2019;128:265\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002812.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"3702_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.01.028","volume":"125","author":"S Schnaubelt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schnaubelt S, Sulzgruber P, Menger J, et al. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation as a predictor of return of spontaneous circulation and favourable neurological outcome - a review of the current literature. Resuscitation. 2018;125:39\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.01.028.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"3702_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.04.021","volume":"85","author":"C Storm","year":"2014","unstructured":"Storm C, Leithner C, Krannich A, et al. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation after cardiac arrest in 60 patients\u2013a prospective outcome study. Resuscitation. 2014;85:1037\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.04.021.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"3702_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-018-0649-4","volume":"10","author":"S Lattanzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lattanzi S, Brigo F, Trinka E, et al. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio in acute cerebral hemorrhage: a system review. Transl Stroke Res. 2019;10:137\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12975-018-0649-4.","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3702_CR23","first-page":"285","volume":"18","author":"X Zhu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhu X, Wang ZY, Xie JC. Changes and significance of cerebral oxygen metabolism after severe brain injury. Chin Crit Care Med. 2006;18(5):285\u20139.","journal-title":"Chin Crit Care Med"},{"key":"3702_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14215","volume":"73","author":"A Lodenius","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lodenius A, Piehl J, Ostlund A, et al. Transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) vs. facemask breathing pre-oxygenation for rapid sequence induction in adults: a prospective randomised non-blinded clinical trial. Anaesthesia. 2018;73:564\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.14215.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"3702_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.03.020","volume":"127","author":"MA Nay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nay MA, Fromont L, Eugene A, et al. High-flow nasal oxygenation or standard oxygenation for gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation in patients at risk of hypoxaemia: a multicentre randomised controlled trial (ODEPHI trial). Br J Anaesth. 2021;127:133\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2021.03.020.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"3702_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004943.pub3","author":"S Paranjothy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Paranjothy S, Griffiths JD, Broughton HK, et al. Interventions at caesarean section for reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004943.pub3.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"3702_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318274fc19","volume":"116","author":"A Perlas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perlas A, Mitsakakis N, Liu L, et al. Validation of a mathematical model for ultrasound assessment of gastric volume by gastroscopic examination. Anesth Analg. 2013;116:357\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318274fc19.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"3702_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.02.023","volume":"125","author":"E McLellan","year":"2020","unstructured":"McLellan E, Lam K, Behringer E, et al. High-flow nasal oxygen does not increase the volume of gastric secretions during spontaneous ventilation. Br J Anaesth. 2020;125:e75\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2020.02.023.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40001-025-03702-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-025-03702-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-025-03702-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T11:23:07Z","timestamp":1769599387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40001-025-03702-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-025-03702-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-783X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-783X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study complied with medical ethics standards and was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Northern Jiangsu People\u2019s Hospital (approval no. 2022ky363-1).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"156"}}