{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T03:12:07Z","timestamp":1785726727457,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Med Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-026-04099-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T15:33:14Z","timestamp":1772638394000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparing the efficacy and safety of a 730-nm picosecond laser with a 532-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for facial pigmented disorders: a retrospective comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Guanting","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruxin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4099_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/jlms.2022.16","volume":"13","author":"S Alavi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alavi S, Goodarzi A, Nilforoushzadeh MA, et al. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of low-fluence Q-switched 1064-nm laser in infra-orbital hyperpigmentation based on biometric parameters. J Lasers Med Sci. 2022;13:e16-e16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/jlms.2022.16.","journal-title":"J Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"4099_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23177","volume":"52","author":"M Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang M, Fang J, Wu Q, et al. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a picosecond alexandrite laser with DLA for acne scars in Chinese patients. Lasers Surg Med. 2019;52:176\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23177.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"4099_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0059","volume":"22","author":"A Heiser","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heiser A, Jowett N, Occhiogrosso J, et al. Societal-perceived health utility of hypertrophic facial port-wine stain and laser treatment. Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2020;22:327\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0059.","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med"},{"key":"4099_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15240","author":"JW Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park JW, Han HS, Koh YG, et al. Split-face comparative trial of 785-nm picosecond neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and precision cryotherapy combination treatment for facial benign pigmented lesions. Dermatol Ther. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.15240.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"4099_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13260","volume":"19","author":"HJ Chung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chung HJ, McGee JS, Lee SJ. Successful treatment of ephelides in Asian skin using the picosecond 785-nm laser. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;19:1990\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.13260.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"4099_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12920","volume":"18","author":"HY Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim HY, Lee SK, Lee JH, et al. A case of latanoprost\u2010induced diffuse facial skin hyperpigmentation. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;18:1717\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.12920.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"4099_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.25289\/ml.2018.7.1.25","volume":"7","author":"WS Chung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chung WS, Lee H, Kim TK. Pigmented and depressed facial scar after an external injury: successful treatment with 1,064-nm picosecond neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser simply combined with a fractional beam-splitter handpiece. Med Lasers. 2018;7:25\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25289\/ml.2018.7.1.25.","journal-title":"Med Lasers"},{"key":"4099_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15919","author":"JK Hong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hong JK, Koh YG, Li K, et al. Treatment of facial pigmented disorders with a 785-nm picosecond Ti:sapphire laser in Asians: a report of three cases. Dermatol Ther. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.15919.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"4099_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22942","volume":"50","author":"EF Bernstein","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernstein EF, Bhawalkar JD, Schomacker KT. A novel titanium sapphire picosecond-domain laser safely and effectively removes purple, blue, and green tattoo inks. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;50:704\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.22942.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"4099_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23009","volume":"51","author":"JG Labadie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Labadie JG, Krunic AL. Long pulsed dye laser with a back-to-back double-pulse technique and compression for the treatment of epidermal pigmented lesions. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;51:136\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23009.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"4099_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.51248\/.v42i6.1189","volume":"42","author":"G Tharani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tharani G, Kamatchi K, Sharmila S, et al. Comparison of laser therapy and galvanic stimulation on facial appearance and function in Bell\u2019s palsy among South Indian population. Biomedicine (Taipei). 2022;42:1264\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51248\/.v42i6.1189.","journal-title":"Biomedicine (Taipei)"},{"key":"4099_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12921","author":"S Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park S. The effects of long-pulsed alexandrite laser therapy on facial redness and skin microbiota compositions in rosacea a prospective, multicentre, single-arm clinical trial. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/phpp.12921.","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"issue":"8","key":"4099_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23382","volume":"53","author":"CSM Wong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wong CSM, Chan MWM, Shek SYN, Yeung CK, Chan HHL. Fractional 1064\u2009nm picosecond laser in treatment of melasma and skin rejuvenation in Asians, a prospective study. Lasers Surg Med. 2021;53(8):1032\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23382.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"4099_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23028","volume":"51","author":"K-y Kung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kung K-y, Shek SYN, Yeung CK, et al. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the dual wavelength picosecond laser for the treatment of benign pigmented lesions in Asians. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;51:14\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23028.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"4099_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4370","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14831","volume":"21","author":"V Vachiramon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vachiramon V, Namasondhi A, Anuntrangsee T, et al. Randomized, evaluator\u2010blinded comparative study of a potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) 532\u2010nm picosecond laser and an alexandrite 755\u2010nm picosecond laser for the treatment of solar lentigines in Asians. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022;21:4370\u20137.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"4099_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14709","author":"W Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong W, Wang N, Yuan X, et al. Treatment of pigmentary disorders using picosecond laser in asian patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Dermatol Ther. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.14709.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"4099_CR17","first-page":"4284","volume":"23","author":"K Takaya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Takaya K, Kishi K. Comparison of the efficacy of 1064- and 730-nm picosecond lasers for acquired dermal melanocytosis. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024;23(12):4284\u201391.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4099_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-025-04562-0","volume":"40","author":"L Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu L, Che Q, Zhou Z, et al. 730-nm, 532-nm and 694-nm laser in the treatment of freckles and solar lentigines (a randomized clinical trial). Lasers Med Sci. 2025;40(1):32.","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"4099_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23679","volume":"55","author":"M Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zheng H, Ge Y, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of a 730 nm picosecond titanium sapphire laser and a 755 nm picosecond alexandrite laser for the treatment of freckles in Asian patients: A two-center randomized, split-face, controlled trial. Lasers Surg Med. 2023;55(6):636\u201341.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"4099_CR20","first-page":"936","volume":"50","author":"R Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han R, Sun Y, Su M. Efficacy and safety of low-fluence 730-nm picosecond laser in the treatment of melasma in Chinese patients. Dermatol Surg. 2024;50(10):936\u201340.","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"4099_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23261","volume":"52","author":"SJ Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee SJ, Han HS, Hong JK, Park KY, Seo SJ. Successful treatment of pigmentary disorders in Asians with a novel 730\u2010nm picosecond laser. Lasers Surg Med. 2020;52(10):923\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23261.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"4099_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S491489","volume":"17","author":"Y Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Y, Liu X, Zhang M, Lin T. Successful treatment of freckles using a 730-nm picosecond laser: a prospective study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024;17:3027\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CCID.S491489.","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40001-026-04099-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-026-04099-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40001-026-04099-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:18:24Z","timestamp":1775819904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40001-026-04099-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-026-04099-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-783X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-783X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the bioethical committee of Xiamen Humanity Hospital\u00a0and Longyan First Affiliated Hospital (IRB-SK-23\/112-1). Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"536"}}