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This study determined if acceleration of blastocyst development induced by exogenous P4 during the pre-implantation period affects fetal-placental development on day 125 of pregnancy. Suffolk ewes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935) were mated to fertile rams and assigned randomly to receive daily intramuscular injections of either corn oil vehicle (CO, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200918) or 25\u2009mg progesterone in CO (P4, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917) for the first 8\u2009days of pregnancy. All ewes were hysterectomized on day 125 of pregnancy and: 1) fetal and placental weights and measurements were recorded; 2) endometrial and placental tissues were analyzed for the expression of candidate mRNAs involved in nutrient transport and arginine metabolism; and 3) maternal plasma, fetal plasma, allantoic fluid, and amniotic fluid were analyzed for amino acids, agmatine, polyamines, glucose, and fructose.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Treatment of ewes with exogenous P4 did not alter fetal or placental growth, but increased amounts of aspartate and arginine in allantoic fluid and amniotic fluid, respectively. Ewes that received exogenous P4 had greater expression of mRNAs for <jats:italic>SLC7A1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SLC7A2, SLC2A1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>AGMAT<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>ODC1<\/jats:italic> in endometria, as well as <jats:italic>SLC1A4, SLC2A5, SLC2A8<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ODC1<\/jats:italic> in placentomes. In addition, AZIN2 protein was immunolocalized to uterine luminal and glandular epithelia in P4-treated ewes, whereas AZIN2 localized only to uterine luminal epithelia in CO-treated ewes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study revealed that exogenous P4 administered in early pregnancy influenced expression of selected genes for nutrient transporters and the expression of a protein involved in polyamine synthesis on day 125 of pregnancy, suggesting a \u2018programming\u2019 effect of P4 on gene expression that affected the composition of nutrients in fetal-placental fluids.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-021-00567-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:02:35Z","timestamp":1617840155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Pre-implantation exogenous progesterone and pregnancy in sheep. 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