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Resveratrol (RSV) and its derivative pterostilbene (PT) are natural stilbenes possessing various bioactivities, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. This study compared the protective potential of RSV and PT on the intestinal redox status and gut microbiota in weanling piglets with IUGR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Eighteen male piglets of normal body weight (NBW) and 54 same-sex IUGR piglets were chosen according to their birth and weaning weights. The NBW piglets accepted a basal diet, while the IUGR piglets were allotted to one of three groups according to their body weight at weaning and received a basal diet, an RSV-supplemented diet (300\u2009mg\/kg), or a PT-supplemented diet (300\u2009mg\/kg), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Compared with IUGR piglets, both RSV and PT improved the IUGR-associated decrease in jejunal villus height and increases in plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level and jejunal apoptosis of piglets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Administering RSV and PT also enhanced jejunal superoxide dismutase activity and the mRNA and protein expression of superoxide dismutase 2 of IUGR piglets by promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Comparatively, PT was more effective than RSV in elevating the villus height\/crypt depth ratio and occludin mRNA and protein levels in the jejunum of IUGR piglets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). PT was also superior to RSV in increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting malondialdehyde accumulation in the jejunum of IUGR piglets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Additionally, RSV modulated the composition of cecal microbiota of IUGR piglets, as evidenced by increasing the prevalence of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genera <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Parabacteroides<\/jats:italic> and inhibiting the growth of the phylum Proteobacteria and its genera <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Actinobacillus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Moreover, RSV significantly increased the butyrate concentration in the cecum of IUGR piglets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PT is more potent than RSV to prevent intestinal oxidative stress, while RSV has a stronger capacity to regulate gut microbiota compared to PT.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-021-00589-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:03:51Z","timestamp":1623283431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene ameliorate intestine injury in intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets by modulating redox status and gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yanan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peilu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuli","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"589_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/s0029-7844(01)01780-x","volume":"99","author":"R Resnik","year":"2002","unstructured":"Resnik R. 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