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The 4 dietary treatments were: DDGS, corn distillers\u2019 dried grains with solubles as source of NSP; DDGS\u2009+\u2009NSPases (DDGS\u2009+), DDGS with xylanase at 0.01%, 3,000 U\/kg of feed and \u03b2-mannanase at 0.05%, 400 U\/kg of feed; SHWB, soybean hulls and wheat bran replacing corn DDGS as the source of NSP; SHWB with NSPases (SHWB\u2009+), SHWB with xylanase at 0.01%, 3,000 U\/kg of feed and \u03b2-mannanase at 0.05%, 400 U\/kg of feed. Pigs were fed for 37 d and housed in groups of 4 pigs per pen. At d 37, the median body weight pig in each pen was euthanized for sampling to analyze intestinal health parameters. Remaining pigs were fed a common diet for subsequent phases to evaluate the carryover effect on growth and carcass traits.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The SHWB decreased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) the relative abundance of <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>, tended to increase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.074) the relative abundance of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>, increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the jejunal mucosa, tended to increase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.096) the villus height (VH) in the jejunum, and tended to improve ADG (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.099) and feed efficiency (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.068) during phase 1 compared to DDGS treatment. Supplementation of NSPases increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) Shannon index of diversity, increased the relative abundance of <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>, and tended to increase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.082) dry matter digestibility. The BW of pigs fed SHWB was more uniform (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) at the end of the 120 d study. Additionally, hot carcass weight of pigs fed SHWB tended to be more uniform (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.089) than DDGS treatment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Soybean hulls and wheat bran replacing DDGS in nursery diets improved uniformity of pigs at market weight, which might be attributed to beneficial modulation of the mucosa-associated microbiota and enhanced intestinal morphology during the nursery phase. Supplementation of NSPases had beneficial effects on the intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota, digestibility, and intestinal immunity in SHWB treatment, whereas no carryover effects were overserved at market weight.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-025-01170-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T23:19:56Z","timestamp":1743463196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Impacts of non-starch polysaccharide sources with enzymes influencing intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota and mucosal immunity of nursery pigs on growth and carcass traits at market weight"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jonathan T.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixiao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexa R.","family":"Gormley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4591-1943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1170_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11051279","volume":"11","author":"X Wei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wei X, Tsai T, Howe S, Zhao J. 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