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We assessed immunoglobulins (unbound and bound to bacteria), their association with vaginal microbiota composition and the changes over time in 25 healthy women of reproductive age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In both <jats:italic>Lactobacillus crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated and non-<jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated microbiota, IgA and IgG (unbound and bound to bacteria) were higher during menses (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> = 1) compared to day 7\u201111 (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> = 2) and day 17\u201125 (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> = 3) after menses onset. The majority of vaginal bacteria are coated with IgA and\/or IgG. Women with <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated microbiota have increased IgA coating of vaginal bacteria compared to women with other microbiota compositions, but contained less IgA per bacterium. Presence of a dominantly IgA-coated population at <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> = 2 and\/or <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> = 3 was also strongly associated with <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated microbiota. In women with non-<jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated microbiota, more bacteria were uncoated. Unbound IgA, unbound IgG, and bound IgG levels were not associated with microbiota composition.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In conclusion, <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated vaginal microbiota have higher levels of bacterial IgA coating compared to non-<jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated vaginal microbiota. Similar to its regulating function in the intestinal tract, we hypothesize that IgA is involved in maintaining <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-dominated microbiota in the female genital tract. This may play a role in <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>-associated health benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01198-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T18:07:43Z","timestamp":1643047663000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Enhanced IgA coating of bacteria in women with Lactobacillus crispatus-dominated vaginal microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Annelot C.","family":"Breedveld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2230-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heleen J.","family":"Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"van Houdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca C.","family":"Painter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reina E.","family":"Mebius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"van der Veer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia M.","family":"Bruisten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul H. 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