{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:50:38Z","timestamp":1753883438821,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"La Fondation du Grand d\u00e9fi Pierre Lavoie"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012280","name":"Rare Disease Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Translational Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biological agents have allowed remarkable improvement in controlling autoimmune arthropathies, although none of the numerous biologics readily available represent a universal treatment standard. Moreover, classical and genetic predictors are currently unsatisfactory to predict individual response to a biologic, and the best treatment selection is still based on a trial\u2010and\u2010error approach. Here, we report a clinical case demonstrating the usefulness of examining the leukocytes\u2019 secretome of patients. We set up and standardized a protocol that examines a patient's immune responses to establish the secretome of the blood mononuclear leukocytes and personalize the biotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 24\u2010year\u2010old woman was diagnosed with active early rheumatoid arthritis. The initial treatment regimen (prednisone, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, naproxen) was inefficient, as well as the anti\u2010TNF adalimumab. The diagnosis was revised as possible rheumatoid arthritis\u2010like psoriatic arthritis and adalimumab was replaced by abatacept (IgG1 Fc\u2010CTLA\u20104) to no avail. Five years later, abatacept was replaced by the anti\u2010IL\u201012\/IL\u201023 ustekinumab with no objective control over the symptoms. The patient was thus enrolled in a prospective study based on the quantification of cytokines secreted by peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with well\u2010known immune activators of pattern recognition receptors and cytokine signalling. The results of this study revealed that plasma concentrations of cytokines were similar between the patient and healthy donors. In comparison to leukocytes from healthy donors, the patient's secretome showed a unique overproduction of IL\u20106. The anti\u2010IL\u20106 receptor tocilizumab was, therefore, administered with a rapid improvement of her active psoriatic arthritis that remained dependent on low prednisone dosage. Clinical parameters progressively returned to normal levels and her quality of life was greatly improved, despite the major delay to begin the present personalized treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>An efficient way to effectively treat patients with complex autoimmune arthropathies, and avoid irreversible disability, is to know their leukocytes\u2019 secretome to identify abnormally secreted cytokines and personalize their biotherapy, as exemplified by this case report.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40169-019-0236-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T23:04:11Z","timestamp":1559689451000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The use of leukocytes\u2019 secretome to individually target biological therapy in autoimmune arthritis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Patrice E.","family":"Poubelle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Axe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et immunitaires Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec\u2010Universit\u00e9 Laval Room T1\u201049, 2705 Boul. Laurier G1V 4G2 Qu\u00e9bec QC Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de m\u00e9decine Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Universit\u00e9 Laval G1V 0A6 Qu\u00e9bec QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Pag\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et immunitaires Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec\u2010Universit\u00e9 Laval Room T1\u201049, 2705 Boul. Laurier G1V 4G2 Qu\u00e9bec QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Pier","family":"Longchamps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et immunitaires Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec\u2010Universit\u00e9 Laval Room T1\u201049, 2705 Boul. Laurier G1V 4G2 Qu\u00e9bec QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Sampaio Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room B3\u20104129 20892\u20101852 Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room B3\u20104129 20892\u20101852 Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivona","family":"Aksentijevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room B2\u20105235 20892\u20101852 Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe A.","family":"Tessier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et immunitaires Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec\u2010Universit\u00e9 Laval Room T1\u201049, 2705 Boul. Laurier G1V 4G2 Qu\u00e9bec QC Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de microbiologie\u2010infectiologie et d\u2019immunologie Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Universit\u00e9 Laval G1V 0A6 Qu\u00e9bec QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5033-4947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Pelletier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et immunitaires Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec\u2010Universit\u00e9 Laval Room T1\u201049, 2705 Boul. 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