{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:10:40Z","timestamp":1790313040166,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Metab"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40170-026-00434-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T10:35:29Z","timestamp":1776767729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["SENP1 drives de novo cholesterogenesis via disrupting SUMOylation-mediated SREBP2-FBXW7 interaction"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bangmin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.12.006","volume":"23","author":"NN Pavlova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pavlova NN, Thompson CB. The emerging hallmarks of cancer metabolism. Cell Metab. 2016;23(1):27\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.12.006.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"434_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cui D, Yu X, Guan Q, Shen Y, Liao J, Liu Y, et al. Cholesterol metabolism: molecular mechanisms, biological functions, diseases, and therapeutic targets. Mol Biomed. 2025;6(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43556-025-00321-3.","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556-025-00321-3"},{"issue":"5","key":"434_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-025-00952-z","volume":"6","author":"F Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen F, Li H, Wang Y, Tang X, Lin K, Li Q, et al. CHD1 loss reprograms SREBP2-driven cholesterol synthesis to fuel androgen-responsive growth and castration resistance in SPOP-mutated prostate tumors. Nat Cancer. 2025;6(5):854\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43018-025-00952-z.","journal-title":"Nat Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"434_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-18-3295","volume":"79","author":"S Jiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang S, Wang X, Song D, Liu X, Gu Y, Xu Z, et al. Cholesterol induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer cells by suppressing degradation of EGFR through APMAP. Cancer Res. 2019;79(12):3063\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-18-3295.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-025-03600-7","volume":"44","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang J, Ma K, Jia L, Liu B, et al. STARD4 suppresses tumorigenesis and attenuates enzalutamide resistance via lipid metabolic reprogramming and AR stabilization in prostate cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2025;44(1):318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13046-025-03600-7.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"434_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-21-3822","volume":"82","author":"X Shangguan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shangguan X, Ma Z, Yu M, Ding J, Xue W, Qi J. Squalene epoxidase metabolic dependency is a targetable vulnerability in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2022;82(17):3032\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-21-3822.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"434_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.01.019","volume":"19","author":"S Yue","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yue S, Li J, Lee S-Y, Lee H, Shao T, Song B, et al. Cholesteryl ester accumulation induced by PTEN loss and PI3K\/AKT activation underlies human prostate cancer aggressiveness. Cell Metab. 2014;19(3):393\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.01.019.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"434_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2015.12.001","volume":"47-48","author":"SK Parks","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parks SK, Cormerais Y, Marchiq I, Pouyssegur J. Hypoxia optimises tumour growth by controlling nutrient import and acidic metabolite export. Mol Aspects Med. 2016;47-48:3\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mam.2015.12.001.","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"434_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28293","volume":"133","author":"G Danza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Danza G, Di Serio C, Ambrosio MR, Sturli N, Lonetto G, Rosati F, et al. Notch3 is activated by chronic hypoxia and contributes to the progression of human prostate cancer. Int. J Cancer. 2013;133:2577\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.28293.","journal-title":"Int. J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-0999-8","volume":"17","author":"S Haider","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haider S, McIntyre A, van Stiphout RGPM, Winchester LM, Wigfield S, Harris AL, et al. Genomic alterations underlie a pan-cancer metabolic shift associated with tumour hypoxia. Genome Biol. 2016;17(1):140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13059-016-0999-8.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"434_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.02.006","volume":"18","author":"A Kondo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kondo A, Yamamoto S, Nakaki R, Shimamura T, Hamakubo T, Sakai J, et al. Extracellular acidic pH activates the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 to promote tumor progression. Cell Rep. 2017;18(9):2228\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.02.006.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"434_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3478","volume":"13","author":"CM Hickey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hickey CM, Wilson NR, Hochstrasser M. Function and regulation of SUMO proteases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2012;13(12):755\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrm3478.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"434_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.07.027","volume":"71","author":"X Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao X. SUMO-Mediated regulation of nuclear functions and signaling processes. Mol Cell. 2018;71(3):409\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.07.027.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"434_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00025.2019","volume":"100","author":"HM Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang HM, Yeh ETH. SUMO: from bench to bedside. Physiol Rev. 2020;100(4):1599\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00025.2019.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"434_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1200","volume":"4","author":"JS Seeler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seeler JS, Dejean A. Nuclear and unclear functions of SUMO. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2003;4(9):690\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrm1200.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"434_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.09.006","volume":"40","author":"K Eifler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eifler K, Vertegaal ACO. Sumoylation-mediated regulation of Cell cycle progression and cancer. Trends Biochemical Sci. 2015;40(12):779\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.09.006.","journal-title":"Trends Biochemical Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"434_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.143","volume":"17","author":"JS Seeler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seeler JS, Dejean A. SUMO and the robustness of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(3):184\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc.2016.143.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"17","key":"434_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2908","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-22-4017","volume":"83","author":"M Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei M, Huang X, Liao L, Tian Y, Zheng X. SENP1 decreases RNF168 phase separation to promote DNA damage repair and drug resistance in colon cancer. Cancer Res. 2023;83(17):2908\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-22-4017.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"434_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313264","volume":"66","author":"CP Cui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cui CP, Wong CC-L, Kai AK-L, Ho DW-H, Lau EY-T, Tsui Y-M, et al. SENP1 promotes hypoxia-induced cancer stemness by HIF-1\u03b1 deSumoylation and SENP1\/HIF-1\u03b1 positive feedback loop. Gut. 2017;66(12):2149\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313264.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22163-7","volume":"12","author":"X Shangguan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shangguan X, He J, Ma Z, Zhang W, Ji Y, Shen K, et al. Sumoylation controls the binding of hexokinase 2 to mitochondria and protects against prostate cancer tumorigenesis. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):1812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-22163-7.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"434_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hui Y, Xia K, Zhong J, Zhang Y, Qiu Q, Chen Z, et al. SENP 1 reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis in renal ischaemia\u2013reperfusion injury by de SUMO ylation of HIF-1\u03b1. J Cellular Mol Medi. 2024;28(16):e70043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.70043.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70043"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2022.113281","volume":"419","author":"L Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang L, Gao X, Tang X, Xu J, Zhou J, Li L, et al. SENP1 protects cisplatin-induced AKI by attenuating apoptosis through regulation of HIF-1\u03b1. Exp Cell Res. 2022;419(1):113281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexcr.2022.113281.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"434_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.08.045","volume":"131","author":"J Cheng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cheng J, Kang X, Zhang S, Yeh ETH. SUMO-Specific protease 1 is essential for stabilization of HIF1\u03b1 during hypoxia. Cell. 2007;131(3):584\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2007.08.045.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"434_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/s0163-7827(01)00010-8","volume":"40","author":"H Shimano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shimano H. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs): transcriptional regulators of lipid synthetic genes. Prog Lipid Res. 2001;40(6):439\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0163-7827(01)00010-8.","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"434_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2005.04.010","volume":"1","author":"A Sundqvist","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sundqvist A, Bengoechea-Alonso MT, Ye X, Lukiyanchuk V, Jin J, Harper JW, et al. Control of lipid metabolism by phosphorylation-dependent degradation of the SREBP family of transcription factors by SCFFbw7. Cell Metab. 2005;1(6):379\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2005.04.010.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"33","key":"434_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11681","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501494102","volume":"102","author":"MT Bengoechea-Alonso","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bengoechea-Alonso MT, Punga T, Ericsson J. Hyperphosphorylation regulates the activity of SREBP1 during mitosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005;102(33):11681\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0501494102.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"3","key":"434_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.12.006","volume":"140","author":"DF Calvisi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Calvisi DF, Wang C, Ho C, Ladu S, Lee SA, Mattu S, et al. Increased lipogenesis, induced by AKT-mTORC1-RPS6 signaling, promotes development of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2011;140(3):1071\u201383.e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.12.006.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"19","key":"434_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16809","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M212448200","volume":"278","author":"Y Hirano","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hirano Y, Murata S, Tanaka K, Shimizu M, Sato R. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins are negatively regulated through SUMO-1 modification independent of the ubiquitin\/26 S proteasome pathway. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(19):16809\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M212448200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"39","key":"434_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36431","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M105200200","volume":"276","author":"Y Hirano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hirano Y, Yoshida M, Shimizu M, Sato R. Direct demonstration of rapid degradation of nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(39):36431\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M105200200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6066","key":"434_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1212728","volume":"335","author":"JD Kessler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kessler JD, Kahle KT, Sun T, Meerbrey KL, Schlabach MR, Schmitt EM, et al. A SUMOylation-dependent transcriptional subprogram is required for myc-driven tumorigenesis. Science. 2012;335(6066):348\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1212728.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-024-01060-3","volume":"31","author":"H Kotani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kotani H, Oshima H, Boucher JC, Yamano T, Sakaguchi H, Sato S, et al. Dual inhibition of SUMOylation and MEK conquers MYC-expressing KRAS-mutant cancers by accumulating DNA damage. J Biomed Sci. 2024;31(1):68. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12929-024-01060-3.","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-025-03543-z","volume":"44","author":"Y Fang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fang Y, Gu Y, Xu T, Wang P, Wu X, Shen H, et al. SENP1 drives glycolysis and cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer via desumoylating ENO1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2025;44(1):285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13046-025-03543-z.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"434_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li J, Wu R, Yung MMH, Sun J, Li Z, Yang H, et al. SENP1-mediated deSumoylation of JAK2 regulates its kinase activity and platinum drug resistance. Cell Death Dis. 2021;12(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-021-03635-6.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03635-6"},{"issue":"10","key":"434_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1981","volume":"20","author":"LK Han","year":"2006","unstructured":"Han LK, Nose R, Li W, Gong X-J, Zheng Y-N, Yoshikawa M, et al. Reduction of fat storage in mice fed a high-fat diet long term by treatment with saponins prepared from Kochia scoparia fruit. Phytotherapy Res. 2006;20(10):877\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.1981.","journal-title":"Phytotherapy Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"434_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-018-0007-6","volume":"18","author":"J Drost","year":"2018","unstructured":"Drost J, Clevers H. Organoids in cancer research. Nat Rev Cancer. 2018;18(7):407\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41568-018-0007-6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"434_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.27256","volume":"15","author":"C Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang C, Tao W, Ni S, Chen Q. SENP1 interacts with HIF1\u03b1 to regulate glycolysis of prostatic carcinoma cells. Int J Biol Sci. 2019;15(2):395\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijbs.27256.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"19","key":"434_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.250","volume":"32","author":"Q Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Q, Xia N, Li T, Xu Y, Zou Y, Zuo Y, et al. SUMO-specific protease 1 promotes prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Oncogene. 2013;32(19):2493\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/onc.2012.250.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"6","key":"434_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3726","volume":"14","author":"DM Gilkes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gilkes DM, Semenza GL, Wirtz D. Hypoxia and the extracellular matrix: drivers of tumour metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014;14(6):430\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc3726.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"434_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-023-00848-6","volume":"23","author":"X Yuan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuan X, Ruan W, Bobrow B, Carmeliet P, Eltzschig HK. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factors: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2024;23(3):175\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-023-00848-6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"1","key":"434_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01645-2","volume":"21","author":"R Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai R, Li Y, Jian L, Yang Y, Zhao L, Wei M. The hypoxia-driven crosstalk between tumor and tumor-associated macrophages: mechanisms and clinical treatment strategies. Mol Cancer. 2022;21(1):177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-022-01645-2.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"434_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu Q, You L, Nepovimova E, Heger Z, Wu W, Kuca K, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factors: master regulators of hypoxic tumor immune escape. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13045-022-01292-6.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01292-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"434_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-05-4000","volume":"66","author":"M Stanbrough","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stanbrough M, Bubley GJ, Ross K, Golub TR, Rubin MA, Penning TM, et al. Increased expression of genes converting adrenal androgens to testosterone in androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2006;66(5):2815\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-05-4000.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"434_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6533","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2017.7025","volume":"14","author":"S Ashida","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ashida S, Kawada C, Inoue K. Stromal regulation of prostate cancer cell growth by mevalonate pathway enzymes HMGCS1 and HMGCR. Oncol Lett. 2017;14:6533\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2017.7025.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"issue":"9","key":"434_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14581","volume":"34","author":"J Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou J, Zhao R, Ye T, Yang S, Li Y, Yang F, et al. Antitumor activity in colorectal cancer induced by hinokiflavone. J Gastro Hepatol. 2019;34(9):1571\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.14581.","journal-title":"J Gastro Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"434_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2021.04.007","volume":"146","author":"F Xianjun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xianjun F, Xirui X, Jie T, Huiwen M, Shaojun Z, Qiaoyun L, et al. Momordin Ic induces G0\/1 phase arrest and apoptosis in colon cancer cells by suppressing SENP1\/c-MYC signaling pathway. J Pharmacological Sci. 2021;146(4):249\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphs.2021.04.007.","journal-title":"J Pharmacological Sci"},{"key":"434_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tang Q, Peng W, Jiang X, Hu Y, Chen L, Fu N. SENP3 promotes hepatocyte steatosis via De-SUMOylation of SREBP2. Cell Biochem Function. 2025;43(11):e70141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbf.70141.","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.70141"},{"issue":"18","key":"434_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2748","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2009.210","volume":"28","author":"C Huang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huang C, Han Y, Wang Y, Sun X, Yan S, Yeh ETH, et al. SENP3 is responsible for HIF-1 transactivation under mild oxidative stress via p300 de-SUMOylation. Embo J. 2009;28(18):2748\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/emboj.2009.210.","journal-title":"Embo J"},{"issue":"8","key":"434_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgx058","volume":"38","author":"KH Stopsack","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stopsack KH, Gerke TA, Andr\u00e9n O, Andersson S-O, Giovannucci EL, Mucci LA, et al. Cholesterol uptake and regulation in high-grade and lethal prostate cancers. Carcinogenesis. 2017;38(8):806\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/carcin\/bgx058.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"6","key":"434_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt077","volume":"24","author":"HS Park","year":"2013","unstructured":"Park HS, Schoenfeld JD, Mailhot RB, Shive M, Hartman RI, Ogembo R, et al. Statins and prostate cancer recurrence following radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol. 2013;24(6):1427\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdt077.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"18","key":"434_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5004","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-21-0480","volume":"27","author":"IG Jeong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jeong IG, Lim B, Yun S-C, Lim JH, Hong JH, Kim C-S. Adjuvant low-dose Statin use after radical prostatectomy: the PRO-STAT randomized clinical trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2021;27(18):5004\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-21-0480.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"434_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.12.031","volume":"79","author":"RJ Hamilton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamilton RJ, Ding K, Crook JM, O\u2019Callaghan CJ, Higano CS, Dearnaley DP, et al. The association between Statin use and outcomes in patients initiating androgen deprivation therapy. Eur Urology. 2021;79(4):446\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.12.031.","journal-title":"Eur Urology"},{"issue":"16","key":"434_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4785","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-16-0903","volume":"76","author":"KH Stopsack","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stopsack KH, Gerke TA, Sinnott JA, Penney KL, Tyekucheva S, Sesso HD, et al. Cholesterol metabolism and prostate cancer lethality. Cancer Res. 2016;76(16):4785\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-16-0903.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"7746","key":"434_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0945-5","volume":"567","author":"J Garcia-Bermudez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garcia-Bermudez J, Baudrier L, Bayraktar EC, Shen Y, La K, Guarecuco R, et al. Squalene accumulation in cholesterol auxotrophic lymphomas prevents oxidative cell death. Nature. 2019;567(7746):118\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-0945-5.","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Cancer & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40170-026-00434-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40170-026-00434-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40170-026-00434-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T23:31:53Z","timestamp":1780443113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40170-026-00434-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40170-026-00434-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-3002"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-3002","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the procedures were performed under the permission of the ShanghaiGeneral Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ethics Board(2024SQ201).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19"}}