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Here, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the causal effects of different food intakes on urolithiasis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Independent genetic variants associated with different food intakes at a genome-wide significant level were selected from summary-level statistics of genome-wide association studies from the UK Biobank. The association of these instrumental variables with urolithiasis was studied in a cohort from FinnGen Consortium.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 15 studied food intake exposures, tea intake (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20090.433, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20090.281\u20130.667, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value\u2009=\u20091.470\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u20134<\/jats:sup>) and fresh fruit intake (OR\u2009=\u20090.358, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.185\u20130.694, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value\u2009=\u20090.002) were found to significantly reduce the risk of the calculus of kidney and ureter. The association remained consistent in the sensitivity analyses. After adjusting for the effects of vitamin D and vitamin C, fresh fruit intake remained the reverse causal association with the calculus of kidney and ureter.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Genetically proxied fresh fruit intake is causally associated with a reduced risk of the calculus of kidney and ureter.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-023-00523-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T12:03:23Z","timestamp":1696334603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mendelian randomization analysis reveals fresh fruit intake as a protective factor for urolithiasis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yiwei","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3287-5536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liping","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8008-8724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangyi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"523_CR1","first-page":"e86","volume":"12","author":"V Romero","year":"2010","unstructured":"Romero V, Akpinar H, Assimos DG. 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