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A Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to evaluate the causal association between COVID-19 (including critically ill COVID\u201019, hospitalized COVID\u201019, and respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection) and 30 neurosurgical diseases within European populations. The consequences of inverse variance weighted models suggest that genetic susceptibility of critically ill COVID-19 may increase the risk of cerebral infarction (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20091.02; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.006), genetic susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase the risk of stroke (OR\u2009=\u20091.02; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.047), and conversely, genetic susceptibility of hospitalized COVID-19 may reduce the risk of pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma (OR\u2009=\u20090.90; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.032). In addition, evidences revealed potential associations between genetic susceptibility of COVID-19 and spinal stenosis (OR\u2009=\u20091.03; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.028), diffuse brain injury (OR\u2009=\u20091.21; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.040) and focal brain injury (OR\u2009=\u20091.12; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.040). By testing for heterogeneity and pleiotropy, the above causal conclusions are robust. In summary, our analysis shows that COVID-19 has an independent and powerful causal influence on multiple neurosurgical disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-024-00575-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T03:07:12Z","timestamp":1707102432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Causal associations of COVID\u201019 on neurosurgical diseases risk: a Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lirui","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peizhi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"575_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-020-00532-2","volume":"23","author":"J Majumder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Majumder J, Minko T. 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