{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:24:02Z","timestamp":1778081042765,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect Dis Poverty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-016-0223-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]],"date-time":"2017-01-26T10:58:18Z","timestamp":1485428298000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Prevalence of and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection in an underdeveloped rural community of southwest China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ya","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Biao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng-Lei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wu-Li","family":"Yihuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiu-Xia","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing-Wu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"223_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70772-8","volume":"15","author":"W Checkley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Checkley W, White AC, Jaganath D, Arrowood MJ, Chalmers RM, Chen X, et al. A review of the global burden, novel diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine targets for cryptosporidium. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;15:85\u201394.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"223_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60844-2","volume":"382","author":"KL Kotloff","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kotloff KL, Nataro JP, Blackwelder WC, Nasrin D, Farag TH, Panchalingam S, et al. Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study. Lancet. 2013;382:209\u201322.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"223_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283437e88","volume":"25","author":"RM O\u02bcConnor","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u02bcConnor RM, Shaffie R, Kang G, Ward HD. Cryptosporidiosis in patients with HIV\/AIDS. AIDS. 2011;25:549\u201360.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"223_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.02.015","volume":"22","author":"L Savioli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Savioli L, Smith H, Thompson A. Giardia and cryptosporidium join the \u2018neglected diseases initiative\u2019. Trends Parasitol. 2006;22:203\u20138.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"223_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12749","volume":"35","author":"C Ferrari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ferrari C. HBV and the immune response. Liver Int. 2015;35 Suppl 1:121\u20138.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"223_CR6","first-page":"692","volume":"12","author":"F Han","year":"1987","unstructured":"Han F, Tan W, Zhou X. Two case reports of cryptosporidiosis in Nanjing. Jiangsu Med J. 1987;12:692.","journal-title":"Jiangsu Med J"},{"key":"223_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10051977","volume":"10","author":"S Lv","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lv S, Tian L, Liu Q, Qian M, Fu Q, Steinmann P, et al. Water-related parasitic diseases in China. Int J Env Res Pub He. 2013;10:1977\u20132016.","journal-title":"Int J Env Res Pub He"},{"key":"223_CR8","first-page":"339","volume":"22","author":"XH Yue","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yue XH, Wang H, Gou JZ, Chen XC, Yang GL, Yang QT, et al. Detection of Cryptosporidium infection in AIDS patients in Guangdong and Yunnan. Chin J Exp Clin Virol. 2008;22:339\u201341.","journal-title":"Chin J Exp Clin Virol"},{"key":"223_CR9","first-page":"228","volume":"4","author":"B Fan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fan B, He XY, Huang ZM, Wang WL, Bo WF, Su Q. Epidemiological investigation of cryptosporidiosis in Yuxi district. Chin J Pest Contr. 1992;4:228\u201330.","journal-title":"Chin J Pest Contr"},{"key":"223_CR10","unstructured":"UNAIDS. China AIDS Response Progress Report. Available at: http:\/\/unaids.org.cn\/uploadFiles\/2015060516205863.pdf . Accessed 15 Oct 2015."},{"key":"223_CR11","first-page":"2557","volume":"34","author":"K Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li K, Wu G, Xu H, Zou K. Prevalence of HBV in a mountainous area. Modern Preventive Med. 2007;34:2557\u20138.","journal-title":"Modern Preventive Med"},{"key":"223_CR12","first-page":"276","volume":"21","author":"WL Yihuo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yihuo WL, Zhou YB, Liu GM, Wu ZS, Wang SA, Xu L, et al. Effect of four-year comprehensive schistosomiasis control in Puge County, Sichuan Province. Chin J Schisto Control. 2009;21:276\u20139.","journal-title":"Chin J Schisto Control"},{"key":"223_CR13","first-page":"685","volume":"04","author":"M Zhu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhu M, Zhu J, Wang S, Song M. A survey of Cryptosporidium infection among humans being in Shiyan, China. J Path Biol. 2009;04:685\u20136.","journal-title":"J Path Biol"},{"key":"223_CR14","first-page":"1","volume":"64","author":"JE Painter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Painter JE, Hlavsa MC, Collier SA, Xiao L, Yoder JS. Cryptosporidiosis surveillance-United States, 2011\u20132012. MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2015;64:1\u201314.","journal-title":"MMWR Surveillance Summaries"},{"key":"223_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-72","volume":"5","author":"KB Laupland","year":"2005","unstructured":"Laupland KB, Church DL. Population-based laboratory surveillance for Giardia sp. and Cryptosporidium sp. infections in a large Canadian health region. BMC Infect Dis. 2005;5:72.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"223_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00349-7","volume":"16","author":"B Speich","year":"2016","unstructured":"Speich B, Croll D, Furst T, Utzinger J, Keiser J. Effect of sanitation and water treatment on intestinal protozoa infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:87\u201399.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"223_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2009.02.008","volume":"109","author":"JS Jagai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jagai JS, Castronovo DA, Monchak J, Naumova EN. Seasonality of cryptosporidiosis: A meta-analysis approach. Environ Res. 2009;109:465\u201378.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"223_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268802006933","volume":"128","author":"B Robertson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Robertson B, Sinclair MI, Forbes AB, Veitch M, Kirk M, Cunliffe D, et al. Case-control studies of sporadic cryptosporidiosis in Melbourne and Adelaide, Australia. Epidemiol Infect. 2002;128:419\u201331.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"223_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000142011.98248.15","volume":"23","author":"KE Smith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith KE, Stenzel SA, Bender JB, Wagstrom E, Soderlund D, Leano FT, et al. Outbreaks of enteric infections caused by multiple pathogens associated with calves at a farm day camp. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:1098\u2013104.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"223_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268813003002","volume":"142","author":"H Lange","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lange H, Johansen OH, Vold L, Robertson LJ, Anthonisen IL, Nygard K. Second outbreak of infection with a rare Cryptosporidium parvum genotype in schoolchildren associated with contact with lambs\/goat kids at a holiday farm in Norway. Epidemiol Infect. 2014;142:2105\u201313.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"223_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1007.030582","volume":"10","author":"PR Hunter","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hunter PR, Hughes S, Woodhouse S, Syed Q, Verlander NQ, Chalmers RM, et al. Sporadic cryptosporidiosis case-control study with genotyping. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:1241\u20139.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"223_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27406","volume":"60","author":"F Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang F, Fan J, Zhang Z, Gao B, Wang H. The global burden of liver disease: The major impact of China. Hepatology. 2014;60:2099\u2013108.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"223_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14156","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i39.14156","volume":"20","author":"IP Balmasova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Balmasova IP. Immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:14156\u201371.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"223_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5535","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.11.5535-5545.2004","volume":"78","author":"EJ Wherry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wherry EJ, Ahmed R. Memory CD8 T-cell differentiation during viral infection. J Virol. 2004;78:5535\u201345.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"223_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i2.228","volume":"13","author":"SH Guan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Guan SH, Lu M, Grunewald P, Roggendorf M, Gerken G, Schlaak JF. Interferon-alpha response in chronic hepatitis B-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells is partially restored by lamivudine treatment. World J Gastroenterol. 2007;13:228\u201335.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"223_CR26","first-page":"81","volume":"38","author":"F Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li F, Zhang X, Wu Q, Chen W. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B. New Med. 2007;38:81\u20133.","journal-title":"New Med"},{"key":"223_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1086\/422761","volume":"190","author":"SA McDonald","year":"2004","unstructured":"McDonald SA, O\u2019Grady JE, Bajaj-Elliott M, Notley CA, Alexander J, Brombacher F, et al. Protection against the early acute phase of Cryptosporidium parvum infection conferred by interleukin-4-induced expression of T helper 1 cytokines. J Infect Dis. 2004;190:1019\u201325.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"223_CR28","first-page":"453","volume":"29","author":"L Liang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liang L, Liu L, Fei X, Luo Y, Hu Y. Detection on HIV in Sichuan Province, 2008\u20131011. J Prev Med Inf. 2013;29:453\u20136.","journal-title":"J Prev Med Inf"},{"key":"223_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e101241","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101241","volume":"9","author":"C Dong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dong C, Huang ZJ, Martin MC, Huang J, Liu H, Deng B, et al. The impact of social factors on human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection in a minority region of Si-chuan, the People\u2019s Republic of China: a population-based survey and testing study. PLoS One. 2014;9:e101241.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"223_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Wang Q, Liang S, Gong Y, Yang M, Chen Y, et al. Geographical variations in risk factors associated with HIV infection among drug users in a prefecture in Southwest China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2015;4:38. doi: 10.1186\/s40249-015-0073-x .","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-015-0073-x"},{"key":"223_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.10.009","volume":"64","author":"W Masanjala","year":"2007","unstructured":"Masanjala W. The poverty-HIV\/AIDS nexus in Africa: A livelihood approach. Soc Sci Med. 2007;64:1032\u201341.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"223_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2012.25","volume":"14","author":"Y Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang Y, Luan RS, Liu P, Wu CL, Zhou Y, Chen W. Casual sex and concurrent sexual partnerships among young people from an Yi community with a high prevalence of HIV in China. Asian J Androl. 2012;14:758\u201365.","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"223_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-36","volume":"5","author":"LG Tian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tian LG, Chen JX, Wang TP, Cheng GJ, Steinmann P, Wang FF, et al. Co-infection of HIV and intestinal parasites in rural area of China. Parasit Vectors. 2012;5:36.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"223_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02758-12","volume":"51","author":"L Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang L, Zhang H, Zhao X, Zhang L, Zhang G, Guo M, et al. Zoonotic cryptosporidium species and enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotypes in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51:557\u201363.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"223_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1802.110666","volume":"18","author":"Y Feng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Feng Y, Wang L, Duan L, Gomez-Puerta LA, Zhang L, Zhao X, et al. Extended outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in a Pediatric Hospital, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:312\u20134.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"223_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2010.06.034","volume":"127","author":"R Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang R, Zhang X, Zhu H, Zhang L, Feng Y, Jian F, et al. Genetic characterizations of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in humans in Henan, China. Exp Parasitol. 2011;127:42\u20135.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases of Poverty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-016-0223-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,25]],"date-time":"2017-06-25T09:05:51Z","timestamp":1498381551000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/idpjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40249-016-0223-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["223"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-016-0223-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]]},"article-number":"2"}}