{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T20:24:40Z","timestamp":1787430280672,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"University of Gondar, Research and community service V\/president office funded this research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect Dis Poverty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-017-0345-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T13:56:38Z","timestamp":1502200598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ayanaw Tsega","family":"Ferede","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abel Fekadu","family":"Dadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amare","family":"Tariku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akilew Awoke","family":"Adane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"345_CR1","volume-title":"Global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness: action plan 2006-2011","author":"WHO, vision 2020","year":"2007","unstructured":"WHO, vision 2020; Global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness: action plan 2006-2011, 2007."},{"key":"345_CR2","unstructured":"Cromwell E, Emerson P. Women and trachoma: achieving gender equity in the implementation of SAFE. Carter Center, the ELFENWORKS Foundation; 2009."},{"issue":"10","key":"345_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000460 1","volume":"3","author":"MJ Burton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burton MJ, Mabey DCW. The global burden of trachoma: a review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(10):e460. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000460 1 .","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"345_CR4","volume-title":"Trachoma: CDNA national guideline for public health management of trachoma","author":"Communicable Disease Network Australia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Communicable Disease Network Australia. Trachoma: CDNA national guideline for public health management of trachoma. Australia: Department of Health; 2014."},{"key":"345_CR5","unstructured":"WHO: Trachoma Clinical characteristics and morbidity. Factsheet N0 382, May 2015."},{"key":"345_CR6","unstructured":"Hamilton H, Velleman Y, Sightsavers. Water Aid: Washing away blinding trachoma; Sightsavers and WaterAid, April 2013."},{"key":"345_CR7","unstructured":"World Health Organization(WHO) fact sheet, July 2016: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs382\/en\/ , Accessed November 20, 2016)."},{"issue":"5","key":"345_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.148494","volume":"93","author":"SP Mariotti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mariotti SP, Pascolini D, Rose-Nussbaumer J. Trachoma: global magnitude of a preventable cause of blindness. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009;93(5):563\u20138. doi: 10.1136\/bjo.2008.148494 .","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"345_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.1","volume":"69","author":"KD Frick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Frick KD, Hanson CL, Jacobson GA. Global burden of trachoma and economic of the disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003;69:1\u201310.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"345_CR10","unstructured":"Eliminating Trachoma Accelerating Towards 2020; WHO Alliance for the Global Elimination of Trachoma by 2020: http:\/\/www.trachomacoalition.org\/GET2020\/ ., Accessed 23 Nov 2016)."},{"issue":"11","key":"345_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e861","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000861","volume":"4","author":"E Harding-Esch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Harding-Esch E. Trachoma prevalence and associated risk factors in the Gambia and Tanzania: baseline results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010;4(11):e861.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"345_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2900","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002900","volume":"8","author":"AR Last","year":"2014","unstructured":"Last AR, Burr SE, Weiss HA, Harding-Esh EM, Cassano E, Nabicassa M, et al. Risk factors for active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in treatment-Na\u0131\u00a8ve trachoma-Hyperendemic communities of the Bijago\u2019 s archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014;8(6):e2900. doi: 10.137 1\/journal.pntd.0002900.collection 2014 .","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"345_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02500.x","volume":"15","author":"J Ngondi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ngondi J. Effect of a community intervention with pit latrines in five districts of Amhara, Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15:592\u20139.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"345_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.02.014","volume":"102","author":"J Ngondi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ngondi J. Risk factors for active trachoma in children and trichiasis in adults: a household survey in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008;102:432\u20138.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"345_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02436.x","volume":"15","author":"C Mpyet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mpyet C, Goyal M, Ogoshi C. Personal and environmental risk factors for active trachoma in children in Yobe state, north-eastern Nigeria. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15(2):168\u201372.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"345_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2005.01553.x","volume":"11","author":"R Baggaley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baggaley R. Distance to water source and altitude in relation to active trachoma in Rombo district, Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health. 2006;11:220\u20137.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"345_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Admassu F, Bayu S, Bejiga A, Amare B. Active trachoma two years after three rounds of azithromycin mass treatment in China district Gurage zone, Southern Ethiopia. BMC Pediatrics; 2013;13(199).","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-199"},{"key":"345_CR18","unstructured":"Berhane Y, Worku A, Bejiga A. National Survey report on Blindness, Low Vision and Trachoma in Ethiopia; Journal of health science; 2006;38."},{"key":"345_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-1105","volume":"12","author":"K Ketema","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ketema K, Tiruneh M, Woldeyohannes D, Mulvey D. Active trachoma and associated risk factors among children in Baso Liben District of east Gojjam, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:1105.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"345_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shafi M, Bejiga A. Common eye diseases in children of the rural community in Goro district, Central Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev; 2005; 19(2).","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhd.v19i2.9984"},{"key":"345_CR21","unstructured":"Amhara Ethiopia Demographic and Health survey; HTTP:\/\/www.etharc.org\/Amhara\/About%20Us\/Geography.htm. 2008; Accessed Oct 10, 2105)."},{"key":"345_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alemayehu M, Koye DN, Tariku A, Yimam K. Prevalence of active trachoma and its associated factors among rural and urban children in Dera Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study; Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 20162:5 DOI: 10.1186\/s40794-016-0022-0 .","DOI":"10.1186\/s40794-016-0022-0"},{"key":"345_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580601013078","volume":"13","author":"LSA Calligaris","year":"2006","unstructured":"Calligaris LSA, Medina NH, Waldman EA. Trachoma prevalence and risk factors among preschool children in a central are of the City of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2006;13:365\u201370.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"345_CR24","first-page":"1406","volume":"85","author":"G Ezz al-Arab","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ezz al-Arab G, Tawfik N, Gandy RE, Anwar W, Courtright P. The burden of trachoma in the rural Nile Delta of Egypt: a survey of Menofiya governorate; Br f. Ophthalmol. 2001;85(12):1406\u201310.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol"},{"key":"345_CR25","first-page":"8","volume":"13","author":"KN Yalew","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yalew KN, Mekonnen MG, Jemanesh AA. Trachoma and its determinants in Mojo and Lume districts of Ethiopia. Pan Afr Med J. 2012;13:8.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"345_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.022","volume":"102","author":"EM Harding-Esch","year":"2008","unstructured":"Harding-Esch EM, Edwards T, Sillah A, Sarr-Sissoko I, Aryee EA, Snell P, et al. Risk factors for active trachoma in the Gambia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008;102:1255\u201362.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"345_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.3.204","volume":"152","author":"YH Hsieh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hsieh YH, Bobo LD, Quinn TO, West SK. Risk factors for trachoma: 6-year follow-up of children aged 1 and 2 years. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152:204\u201311.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"345_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001605","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001605","volume":"11","author":"ME Stocks","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stocks ME, Ogden S, Haddad D, Addiss DG, McGuire C, Freeman MC. Effect of water, sanitation, and hygiene on the prevention of trachoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2014;11(2):e1001605. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001605 .","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"345_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.12.002","volume":"100","author":"S Polack","year":"2006","unstructured":"Polack S, Kuper H, Solomon AW, Massae PA, Abuelo C, Cameron E, et al. The relationship between prevalence of active trachoma, water availability and its use in a Tanzanian village. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2006;100:1075\u201383.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases of Poverty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-017-0345-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]],"date-time":"2019-10-02T03:53:58Z","timestamp":1569988438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/idpjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40249-017-0345-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-017-0345-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]},"article-number":"128"}}