{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:46:04Z","timestamp":1790793964185,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531353600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Qinghai Science and Technology department","award":["2015-HZ-809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015-HZ-809"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect Dis Poverty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-018-0455-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,8]],"date-time":"2018-07-08T22:59:49Z","timestamp":1531090789000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Childhood suffering: hyper endemic echinococcosis in Qinghai-Tibetan primary school students, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2859-1784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiu-Min","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi-Gang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Shun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"455_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3866","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e3866","volume":"344","author":"DP McManus","year":"2012","unstructured":"McManus DP, Gray DJ, Zhang W, Yang Y. Diagnosis, treatment, and management of echinococcosis. BMJ. 2012;344:e3866.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"455_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00269-3","volume":"86","author":"A Ito","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ito A, Urbani C, Jiamin Q, Vuitton DA, Dongchuan Q, Heath DDIto A, Urbani C, Jiamin Q, et al. Control of echinococcosis and cysticercosis: a public health challenge to international cooperation in China. Acta Trop. 2003;86:3\u201317.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"455_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000722","volume":"4","author":"PR Torgerson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Torgerson PR, Keller K, Magnotta M, Ragland N. The global burden of alveolar echinococcosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010;4:e722.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"455_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.71.56","volume":"71","author":"CM Budke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Budke CM, Jiamin Q, Zinsstag J, Qian W, Torgerson PR. Use of disability adjusted life years in the estimation of the disease burden of echinococcosis for a high endemic region of the Tibetan plateau. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71:56\u201364.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"455_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.03.023","volume":"49","author":"PR Torgerson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Torgerson PR, Schweiger A, Deplazes P, Pohar M, Reichen J, Ammann RW, et al. Alveolar echinococcosis: from a deadly disease to a well-controlled infection. Relative survival and economic analysis in Switzerland over the last 35 years. J Hepatol. 2008;49:72\u20137.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"455_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01633.x","volume":"11","author":"YR Yang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yang YR, Williams GM, Craig PS, Sun T, Yang SK, Cheng L, et al. Hospital and community surveys reveal the severe public health problem and socio-economic impact of human echinococcosis in Ningxia Hui autonomous region, China. Tropical Med Int Health. 2006;11:880\u20138.","journal-title":"Tropical Med Int Health"},{"key":"455_CR7","first-page":"122","volume":"8","author":"JJ Chai","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chai JJ. Epidemiological studies on cystic echinococcosis in China--a review. Biomed Environ Sci. 1995;8:122\u201336.","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci"},{"key":"455_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1410.071636","volume":"14","author":"PS Craig","year":"2008","unstructured":"Craig PS, Li T, Qiu J, Zhen R, Wang Q, Giraudoux P, et al. Echinococcosis and Tibetan communities. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:1674\u20135.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"455_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.11.001","volume":"114","author":"E Brunetti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brunetti E, Kern P, Vuitton DA. Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in humans. Acta Trop. 2010;114:1\u201316.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"455_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02101.x","volume":"13","author":"YR Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang YR, Craig PS, Vuitton DA, Williams GM, Sun T, Liu TX, et al. Serological prevalence of echinococcosis and risk factors for infection among children in rural communities of southern Ningxia, China. Tropical Med Int Health. 2008;13:1086\u201394.","journal-title":"Tropical Med Int Health"},{"key":"455_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.02.004","volume":"90","author":"Q Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang Q, Vuitton DA, Qiu J, Giraudoux P, Xiao Y, Schantz PM, et al. Fenced pasture: a possible risk factor for human alveolar echinococcosis in Tibetan pastoralist communities of Sichuan, China. Acta Trop. 2004;90:285\u201393.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"455_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001200","volume":"140","author":"JE Moss","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moss JE, Chen X, Li T, Qiu J, Wang Q, Giraudoux P, et al. Reinfection studies of canine echinococcosis and role of dogs in transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan communities, Sichuan, China. Parasitology. 2013;140:1685\u201392.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"455_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050079","volume":"11","author":"L Tiaoying","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tiaoying L, Jiamin Q, Wen Y, Craig PS, Xingwang C, Ning X, et al. Echinococcosis in Tibetan populations, western Sichuan Province, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005;11:1866\u201373.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"455_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S87","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003004153","volume":"127","author":"DA Vuitton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vuitton DA, Zhou H, Bresson-Hadni S, Wang Q, Piarroux M, Raoul F, et al. Epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis with particular reference to China and Europe. Parasitology. 2003;127(Suppl):S87\u2013107.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"455_CR15","first-page":"127","volume":"30","author":"HX Cai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cai HX, Guan YY, Wang H, Wu WP, Han XM, Ma X, et al. Geographical distribution of echinococcosis among children in Qinghai Province. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2012;30:127\u201330. (In Chinese)","journal-title":"Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"455_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/027249301200777817","volume":"21","author":"Y Bai","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bai Y, Cheng N, Wang Q, Cao D. An epidemiological survey of cystic echinococcosis among Tibetan school pupils in West China. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2001;21:235\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr"},{"key":"455_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-196","volume":"4","author":"DP McManus","year":"2011","unstructured":"McManus DP, Li Z, Yang S, Gray DJ, Yang YR. Case studies emphasising the difficulties in the diagnosis and management of alveolar echinococcosis in rural China. Parasit Vectors. 2011;4:196.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"455_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)80001-4","volume":"26","author":"M Zuk","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zuk M, McKean KA. Sex differences in parasite infections: patterns and processes. Int J Parasitol. 1996;26:1009\u201323.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"455_CR19","first-page":"293","volume":"29","author":"Q Fu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fu Q, Han XM, Wang LY, Zhaxi SM, Ma X, Wang YS, et al. Effect of control pattern with emphasis on canine deworming in a pilot of echinococcosis in highly endemic area, southern Qinghai plateau. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2011;29:293\u20135. (In Chinese)","journal-title":"Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"455_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199809)26:3<190::AID-PPUL6>3.0.CO;2-P","volume":"26","author":"D Anadol","year":"1998","unstructured":"Anadol D, Gocmen A, Kiper N, Ozcelik U. Hydatid disease in childhood: a retrospective analysis of 376 cases. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1998;26:190\u20136.","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"455_CR21","first-page":"109","volume":"53","author":"C Constantin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Constantin C, Radulescu S, Cretu CM. Hydatidosis relapse in children--clinical and epidemiological study. Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 2008;53:109\u201316. (In Romanian)","journal-title":"Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol"},{"key":"455_CR22","first-page":"17","volume":"50","author":"L Lazar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lazar L, Capatina A. Clinical and parasitologic specifics of echinococcosis in children and teenagers: 68 cases. Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 2005;50:17\u201325. (In Romanian)","journal-title":"Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol"},{"key":"455_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-1726-0","volume":"106","author":"E Kalantari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kalantari E, Bandehpour M, Pazoki R, Taghipoor-Lailabadi N, Khazan H, Mosaffa N, et al. Application of recombinant Echinococcus granulosus antigen B to ELISA kits for diagnosing hydatidosis. Parasitol Res. 2010;106:847\u201351.","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases of Poverty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-018-0455-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40249-018-0455-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-018-0455-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T19:10:57Z","timestamp":1562872257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/idpjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40249-018-0455-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-018-0455-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 August 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 June 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 July 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Written ethical approval for the study was obtained from the human ethics committee of Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control. Formal permission was obtained from the local Education Bureaus of Yushu and Guoluo to screen all the school children in the study area. Teachers and parents were informed about the procedures and were promised free diagnosis and treatment with albendazole for any student found to have echinococcosis infection before the commencement of the survey. Consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all the student participants.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"71"}}