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Under this activity, all patient-related data were retrieved upon the consent of the CDC, GoB. As the CDC, GoB has the authority to provide patient-related data to any research body for passive data analysis, individual patient consent was not required to avail treatment-related data. Furthermore, according to the NKEP, verbal autopsy is mandatory for VL treatment-related death cases. Therefore, the NKEP maintains ethical procedures to collect data through verbal autopsy. As the treatment centers included in this activity fall under the CDC, DGHS, GoB, the consent from the CDC was enough to include all treatment centers. 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