{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:45:55Z","timestamp":1790703955907,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Science and Technology Special Project of China","award":["2017ZX10302201004008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX10302201004008"]}]},{"name":"Major Science and Technology Special Project of China","award":["2017ZX09304016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX09304016"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971949"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971949"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Clinical Research Startup Program of Southern Medical University by High-level University Construction Funding of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education","award":["LC2016PY003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LC2016PY003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect Dis Poverty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>It is well established that obesity is a disease of sustained low-grade inflammation. However, it is currently unknown if obesity plays a role in the clinical manifestations and prognosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether obesity played a role in clinical manifestations and prognosis in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is a retrospective multicenter clinical study. A total of 96 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled from Dongguan People\u2019s Hospital, Nanfang hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between 23 January and 14 February 2020. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from medical records. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was defined as oxygenation index (PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>)\u2009\u2264\u2009300\u2009mmHg. We grouped patients through the body mass index (BMI). Associations were examined using the <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test, <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test and multivariate logistic forward regression test.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Patients with BMI\u2009&lt;\u2009\u00a024 were significantly younger (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025) with lower creatine kinase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013), lower diastolic pressure blood (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035), lower serum creatinine (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012), lower lactate dehydrogenase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and higher platelet count (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). The BMI level was 20.78\u2009\u00b1\u20093.15 in patients without pneumonia compared with the patients with pneumonia (23.81\u2009\u00b1\u20093.49, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). For patients without ARDS, an average BMI level of 22.65\u2009\u00b1\u20093.53 was observed, significantly lower than patients with ARDS (24.57\u2009\u00b1\u20093.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022). The mean BMI was 22.35\u2009\u00b1\u20093.56 in patients experienced with relieving the clinical symptoms or stable condition by radiographic tests, lower than patients with disease exacerbation with 24.89\u2009\u00b1\u20093.17 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). In addition, lymphocyte count (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.23, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027) and platelet count (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.44, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u00a00.001) were negatively correlated with BMI. While hemoglobin (r\u2009=\u20090.267, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008), creatine kinase (r\u2009=\u20090.331, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), serum creatinine (r\u2009=\u20090.424, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u00a00.001) and lactate dehydrogenase (r\u2009=\u20090.343, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) were significantly positive correlated with BMI. Multivariate analysis showed that older age (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.046, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) and BMI\u2009\u2265\u200924 (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.258, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005) were independent risk factors associated ICU admission while BMI\u2009\u2265\u200924 (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.219, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) was independent risk factor associated with radiographic disease exacerbation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our study found BMI was significantly associated with clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. For patients with increased risk, clinicians should intervene promptly to avoid disease progression.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00703-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T12:04:05Z","timestamp":1593432245000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Association between obesity and clinical prognosis in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3765-9127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shao-Hang","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Yao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Dan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"703_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. 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JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases of Poverty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00703-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00703-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00703-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T23:21:11Z","timestamp":1624922471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/idpjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00703-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["703"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00703-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The Institutional Review Board of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University had approved this study. All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Oral consent was obtained from patients.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no financial or non-financial interests with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence this work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"80"}}