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However, public awareness about this zoonotic disease has not yet been achieved in China. In this study, we conducted an epidemiological survey to assess the prevalence and risk factors of <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection in dogs and cats, as well as toxocariasis or <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> exposure in humans in Zhejiang.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>An epidemiological survey was conducted between January 2023 and April 2024 to ascertain the prevalence of <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection in Zhejiang, where has been set to be a model for common prosperity in China. Fecal samples from dogs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091156) and cats (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009818) were examined for <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> eggs using the saturated saline floatation method and molecular tools, while human serum samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009347) were tested for antibodies against <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> species by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Risk factors for <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection in dogs, cats and humans were analyzed using logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The overall prevalence of <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection was 5.36% in dogs, 2.08% in cats, and 12.10% in humans in Zhejiang, China. Age (\u2264\u00a06\u00a0months, <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096.22, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026), season (autumn, <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913.93, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017 and spring, <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911.07, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027) and deworming frequency (&lt;\u00a04 times\/year, <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.18, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were identified as major risk factors for <jats:italic>T. canis<\/jats:italic> infection in dogs, whereas residing in an animal shelter (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913.14, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020) was a risk factor for <jats:italic>T. cati<\/jats:italic> infection in cats. Occupation exposure (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.53, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) was the most significant risk factor for <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection in humans.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Due to the good economic status and social welfare, the prevalence of <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection in dogs, cats and humans is relatively low in Zhejiang, China. However, an \u201cOne Health\u201d paradigm about human toxocariasis intervention is lacking and the risk factors (particularly pet deworming and occupational exposure) for <jats:italic>Toxocara<\/jats:italic> infection and transmission warrant improved public awareness.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-025-01312-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T01:50:51Z","timestamp":1749088251000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Prevalence of Toxocara infection and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Die","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beibei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5929-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangxu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1312_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30331-6","volume":"18","author":"G Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma G, Holland CV, Wang T, Hofmann A, Fan CK, Maizels RM, et al. 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