{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:53:44Z","timestamp":1782863624337,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect Dis Poverty"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-026-01469-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:03:53Z","timestamp":1782860633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiological characteristics of anthropophilic and zoophilic dermatophytosis: a 40-year retrospective prevalence study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Freddy","family":"Villanueva-Cotrina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilma","family":"Bejar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor Raul","family":"Huaman-Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Yauri Condor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1469_CR1","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Frontiers in mycology","author":"O Male","year":"1990","unstructured":"Male O, Hawksworth D. Frontiers in mycology. UK: CAB International; 1990. p. 131\u201357."},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"1469_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01606.x","volume":"51","author":"B Havlickova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Havlickova B, Czaika VA, Friedrich M. Epidemiological trends in skin mycoses worldwide. Mycoses. 2008;51(Suppl 4):2\u201315.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"1469_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verma SB, Panda S, Nenoff P, Singal A, Rudramurthy SM, Uhrlass S, et al. The unprecedented epidemic-like scenario of dermatophytosis in India: I. Epidemiology, risk factors and clinical features. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2021;87(2):154\u201375.","DOI":"10.25259\/IJDVL_301_20"},{"issue":"2","key":"1469_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx048","volume":"56","author":"O Coulibaly","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coulibaly O, L\u2019Ollivier C, Piarroux R, Ranque S. Epidemiology of human dermatophytoses in Africa. Med Mycol. 2018;56(2):145\u201361.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1469_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.02.010","volume":"37","author":"A Antuori","year":"2019","unstructured":"Antuori A, Fernandez G, Fernandez A, Alcaide M, Boada A, Bielsa MI, et al. Epidemiology of dermatophytic infections between 2008 and 2017 in Barcelona Spain. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2019;37(10):642\u20137.","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"},{"key":"1469_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6020095","author":"O Bontems","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bontems O, Fratti M, Salamin K, Guenova E, Monod M. Epidemiology of dermatophytoses in Switzerland according to a survey of dermatophytes isolated in Lausanne between 2001 and 2018. J Fungi Basel. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof6020095.","journal-title":"J Fungi Basel"},{"issue":"3","key":"1469_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-021-00542-4","volume":"186","author":"R Sacheli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sacheli R, Cuypers L, Seidel L, Darfouf R, Adjetey C, Lagrou K, et al. Epidemiology of dermatophytes in Belgium: a 5 years\u2019 survey. Mycopathologia. 2021;186(3):399\u2013409.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"1469_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3314\/mmj.53.175","volume":"53","author":"R Kano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kano R. Classification of dermatophytes by mating type (MAT) gene analysis. Med Mycol J. 2012;53(3):175\u20138.","journal-title":"Med Mycol J"},{"issue":"12","key":"1469_CR9","first-page":"1930","volume":"47","author":"B Hassanzadeh Rad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hassanzadeh Rad B, Hashemi SJ, Farasatinasab M, Atighi J. Epidemiological survey of human dermatophytosis due to zoophilic species in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2018;47(12):1930\u20136.","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"1469_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.2.240","volume":"8","author":"I Weitzman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Weitzman I, Summerbell RC. The dermatophytes. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995;8(2):240\u201359.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"1469_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15340","volume":"47","author":"M Takenaka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Takenaka M, Murota H, Nishimoto K. Epidemiological survey of 42 403 dermatophytosis cases examined at Nagasaki University Hospital from 1966 to 2015. J Dermatol. 2020;47(6):615\u201321.","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"1469_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ion A, Popa LG, Porumb-Andrese E, Dorobantu AM, Tatar R, Giurcaneanu C, et al. A current diagnostic and therapeutic challenge: tinea capitis. J Clin Med. 2024;13(2):376.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020376"},{"issue":"6","key":"1469_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2009.01276.x","volume":"22","author":"AJ Charles","year":"2009","unstructured":"Charles AJ. Superficial cutaneous fungal infections in tropical countries. Dermatol Ther. 2009;22(6):550\u20139.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"issue":"45","key":"1469_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-15512-y","volume":"28","author":"K Chaichana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chaichana K, Kitro A, Chaidee S, Rojsiraphisal T. The potential effects of temperature on outpatient visits: a case study in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021;28(45):64431\u20139.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"1469_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13439","volume":"65","author":"NS Correia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Correia NS, Balbinot RTS, Bonacorsi C, Donofrio FC. Epidemiology of dermatomycoses in children in Northern Mato Grosso 2015\u20132020. Mycoses. 2022;65(5):560\u20136.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"7","key":"1469_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13473","volume":"65","author":"J Powell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Powell J, Porter E, Field S, O\u2019Connell NH, Carty K, Dunne CP. Epidemiology of dermatomycoses and onychomycoses in Ireland (2001-2020): a single-institution review. Mycoses. 2022;65(7):770\u20139.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"2","key":"1469_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20142569","volume":"89","author":"CA Pires","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pires CA, Cruz NF, Lobato AM, Sousa PO, Carneiro FR, Mendes AM. Clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic profile of dermatophytosis. An Bras Dermatol. 2014;89(2):259\u201364.","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1469_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-021-00005-5","volume":"11","author":"BA Alshehri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alshehri BA, Alamri AM, Rabaan AA, Al-Tawfiq JA. Epidemiology of dermatophytes isolated from clinical samples in a hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia: a 20-year survey. J Epidemiol Global Health. 2021;11(4):405\u201312.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Global Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1469_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17744-5","volume":"12","author":"JH Son","year":"2022","unstructured":"Son JH, Doh JY, Han K, Kim YH, Han JH, Bang CH, et al. Risk factors of dermatophytosis among Korean adults. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):13444.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1469_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colosi IA, Cognet O, Colosi HA, Sabou M, Costache C. Dermatophytes and Dermatophytosis in Cluj-Napoca, Romania-A 4-Year Cross-Sectional Study. J Fungi. 2020;6(3):154.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6030154"},{"key":"1469_CR21","unstructured":"Callao DRdSd. An\u00e1lisis de Situaci\u00f3n de Salud (ASIS): Provincia Constitucional del Callao. 2024. https:\/\/www.dge.gob.pe\/portal\/docs\/perfiles_epidemiologicos\/docs\/2024\/pdf\/Documento%20Perfil%20de%20Salud_2024_Vers%20Oficial_Callao_JCPD.pdf. Accessed 22 Mar 2026."},{"key":"1469_CR22","unstructured":"SENAMHI. Monitoreo de la Calidad del Aire y Humedad en la Costa Central del Per\u00fa 2025. https:\/\/www.senamhi.gob.pe\/?p=calidad-del-aire. Accessed 22 Mar 2026."},{"key":"1469_CR23","unstructured":"Per\u00fa SNdMeHd. Mapa Clim\u00e1tico del Per\u00fa \/ Estaciones astron\u00f3micas 2024. https:\/\/www.senamhi.gob.pe\/main.php?dp=lima&p=mapa-climatico-del-peru."},{"key":"1469_CR24","volume-title":"Larone's medically important fungi: a guide to identification","author":"LF Westblade","year":"2023","unstructured":"Westblade LF, Burd EM, Lockhart SR, Procop GW. Larone\u2019s medically important fungi: a guide to identification. Wiley; 2023."},{"key":"1469_CR25","unstructured":"SENAMHI. Descarga de datos Meteorol\u00f3gicos 2026. 2026. https:\/\/www.senamhi.gob.pe\/site\/descarga-datos\/. Accessed 22 Mar 2026."},{"issue":"11","key":"1469_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12993","volume":"62","author":"S Taghipour","year":"2019","unstructured":"Taghipour S, Pchelin IM, Zarei Mahmoudabadi A, Ansari S, Katiraee F, Rafiei A, et al. Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. interdigitale genotypes are associated with particular geographic areas and clinical manifestations. Mycoses. 2019;62(11):1084\u201391.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"4","key":"1469_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17106","volume":"35","author":"M Klinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Klinger M, Theiler M, Bosshard PP. Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Trichophyton mentagrophytes\/Trichophyton interdigitale infections in the Zurich area: a retrospective study using genotyping. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(4):1017\u201325.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1469_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.826-830.2003","volume":"41","author":"B Ninet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ninet B, Jan I, Bontems O, L\u00e9chenne B, Jousson O, Panizzon R, et al. Identification of dermatophyte species by 28S ribosomal DNA sequencing with a commercial kit. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(2):826\u201330.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1469_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2010.06.001","volume":"301","author":"F Symoens","year":"2011","unstructured":"Symoens F, Jousson O, Planard C, Fratti M, Staib P, Mignon B, et al. Molecular analysis and mating behaviour of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex. Int J Med Microbiol. 2011;301(3):260\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"1469_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470958957","volume-title":"Companion animal zoonoses","author":"JS Weese","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weese JS, Fulford MB. Companion animal zoonoses. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011."},{"key":"1469_CR31","unstructured":"Larkin M. Pet population still on the rise, with fewer pets per household 2021. 2025. https:\/\/www.avma.org\/javma-news\/2021-12-01\/pet-population-still-rise-fewer-pets-household."},{"issue":"4","key":"1469_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0969-1446","volume":"47","author":"T Boehm","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boehm T, Mueller RS. Dermatophytosis in dogs and cats - an update. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2019;47(4):257\u201368.","journal-title":"Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere"},{"key":"1469_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta AK, Wang T, Susmita, Talukder M, Bakotic WL. Global dermatophyte infections linked to human and animal health: a scoping review. Microorganisms. 2025;13(3):575.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13030575"},{"issue":"1","key":"1469_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx025","volume":"56","author":"EI Nweze","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nweze EI, Eke IE. Dermatophytes and dermatophytosis in the eastern and southern parts of Africa. Med Mycol. 2018;56(1):13\u201328.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"1469_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.713532","volume":"12","author":"E Segal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Segal E, Elad D. Human and zoonotic dermatophytoses: epidemiological aspects. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:713532.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"1469_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-016-0057-9","volume":"182","author":"NM Martinez-Rossi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez-Rossi NM, Peres NT, Rossi A. Pathogenesis of dermatophytosis: sensing the host tissue. Mycopathologia. 2017;182(1\u20132):215\u201327.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"1469_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/358305","volume":"2012","author":"RR Achterman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Achterman RR, White TC. Dermatophyte virulence factors: identifying and analyzing genes that may contribute to chronic or acute skin infections. Int J Microbiol. 2012;2012:358305.","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"1469_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-016-0082-8","volume":"182","author":"P Zhan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhan P, Liu W. The changing face of dermatophytic infections worldwide. Mycopathologia. 2017;182(1\u20132):77\u201386.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"1469_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2012.12.002","volume":"30","author":"AJ Carrillo-Munoz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carrillo-Munoz AJ, Tur-Tur C, Cardenes D, Rojas F, Giusiano G. [Influence of the ecological group on the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytic fungi]. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2013;30(2):130\u20133.","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"issue":"6569","key":"1469_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6569.419","volume":"294","author":"G Lake-Bakaar","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lake-Bakaar G, Scheuer PJ, Sherlock S. Hepatic reactions associated with ketoconazole in the United Kingdom. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987;294(6569):419\u201322.","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1469_CR41","first-page":"251","volume":"74","author":"L Pinter","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pinter L, Stritof Z. A retrospective study of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in dogs (1970-2002). Veterinarski Arhiv. 2004;74(4):251\u201360.","journal-title":"Veterinarski Arhiv"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"1469_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1997.tb00171.x","volume":"40","author":"W Schmeller","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schmeller W, Baumgartner S, Dzikus A. Dermatophytomycoses in children in rural Kenya: the impact of primary health care. Mycoses. 1997;40(1\u20132):55\u201363.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"1469_CR43","unstructured":"Yamada G. Patrones de migraci\u00f3n interna en el Per\u00fa reciente 2010. http:\/\/files.pucp.edu.pe\/departamento\/economia\/LDE-2012-01-04.pdf."},{"issue":"4","key":"1469_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.324.10027","volume":"32","author":"G Akkus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Akkus G, Evran M, Gungor D, Karakas M, Sert M, Tetiker T. Tinea pedis and onychomycosis frequency in diabetes mellitus patients and diabetic foot ulcers. a cross sectional - observational study. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;32(4):891\u20135.","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"1469_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0276-y","volume":"18","author":"R Kershenovich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kershenovich R, Sherman S, Reiter O, Huss SR, Didkovsky E, Mimouni D, et al. A unique clinicopathological manifestation of fungal infection: a case series of deep dermatophytosis in immunosuppressed patients. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017;18(5):697\u2013704.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1469_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70063-L","volume":"26","author":"A Lugo-Somolinos","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lugo-Somolinos A, S\u00e1nchez JL. Prevalence of dermatophytosis in patients with diabetes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992;26(3):408\u201310.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"1469_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-013-9685-5","volume":"176","author":"B Yin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yin B, Xiao Y, Ran Y, Kang D, Dai Y, Lama J. Microsporum canis infection in three familial cases with tinea capitis and tinea corporis. Mycopathologia. 2013;176(3\u20134):259\u201365.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"1469_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12081727","author":"R Lopes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lopes R, Garces A, Silva A, Brilhante-Simoes P, Martins A, Cardoso L, et al. Dermatophytosis in companion animals in Portugal: a comprehensive epidemiological retrospective study of 12 years (2012-2023). Microorganisms. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms12081727.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"424","key":"1469_CR49","first-page":"749","volume":"10","author":"M Monod","year":"2014","unstructured":"Monod M, Fratti M, Mignon B, Baudraz-Rosselet F. Dermatophytes transmitted by pets and cattle. Rev Med Suisse. 2014;10(424):749\u201353.","journal-title":"Rev Med Suisse"},{"issue":"9","key":"1469_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16394","volume":"34","author":"AK Gupta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gupta AK, Stec N, Summerbell RC, Shear NH, Piguet V, Tosti A, et al. Onychomycosis: a review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(9):1972\u201390.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"1469_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1406346","volume":"12","author":"B Dhakal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dhakal B, Shrestha BL, Shah S, Rijal S, Karki BB, Pangeni PM, et al. Knowledge, practice, and infection status of prisoners toward dermatomycosis: a study in Nepal. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1406346.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"1469_CR52","first-page":"49","volume":"5","author":"BD Michaels","year":"2012","unstructured":"Michaels BD, Del Rosso JQ. Tinea capitis in infants: recognition, evaluation, and management suggestions. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2012;5(2):49\u201359.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1469_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35837-7","volume":"13","author":"M Haro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haro M, Alemayehu T, Mikiru A. Dermatophytosis and its risk factors among children visiting dermatology clinic in Hawassa Sidama, Ethiopia. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):8630.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"1469_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46443-0","volume":"55","author":"E Pinto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pinto E, Pina-Vaz C, Salgueiro L, Goncalves MJ, Costa-de-Oliveira S, Cavaleiro C, et al. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus pulegioides on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. J Med Microbiol. 2006;55(Pt 10):1367\u201373.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1469_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2006.00533.x","volume":"17","author":"C Cafarchia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cafarchia C, Romito D, Capelli G, Guillot J, Otranto D. Isolation of Microsporum canis from the hair coat of pet dogs and cats belonging to owners diagnosed with M. canis tinea corporis. Vet Dermatol. 2006;17(5):327\u201331.","journal-title":"Vet Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1469_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2011.01595.x","volume":"29","author":"L Atzori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Atzori L, Aste N, Aste N, Pau M. Tinea faciei due to Microsporum canis in children: a survey of 46 cases in the District of Cagliari (Italy). Pediatr Dermatol. 2012;29(4):409\u201313.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1469_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-005-7458-5","volume":"160","author":"AZ Mahmoudabadi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahmoudabadi AZ. A study of dermatophytosis in South West of Iran (Ahwaz). Mycopathologia. 2005;160(1):21\u20134.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"1469_CR58","volume":"12","author":"ME George","year":"2025","unstructured":"George ME, Gaitor TT, Cluck DB, Henao-Martinez AF, Sells NR, Chastain DB. The impact of climate change on the epidemiology of fungal infections: implications for diagnosis, treatment, and public health strategies. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2025;12:20499361251313841.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1469_CR59","volume":"2016","author":"X Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen X, Jiang X, Yang M, Gonzalez U, Lin X, Hua X, et al. Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;2016(5):CD004685.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1469_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2015.10.004","volume":"30","author":"S Vallabhaneni","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vallabhaneni S, Mody RK, Walker T, Chiller T. The global burden of fungal diseases. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2016;30(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases of Poverty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01469-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01469-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01469-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:04:18Z","timestamp":1782860658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01469-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01469-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study is based on a secondary analysis of demographic and microbiological data available in the institute records. Ethical approval for this analysis was not required. All data were fully anonymized using unique study codes at all times, and the investigators did not have access to any personal identifiers. Prior to its execution, the study protocol was approved by the Research Department Protocol Review Committee of Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel Alcides Carri\u00f3n.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"71"}}