{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:21:03Z","timestamp":1783034463462,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Science Foundation of China","award":["82073619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073619"]}]},{"name":"the Asian Cooperation Fund Project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect Dis Poverty"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Climate warming is increasingly reshaping the population dynamics of\n                      <jats:italic>Oncomelania hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the sole intermediate host of\n                      <jats:italic>Schistosoma japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      in China. Investigating the response of\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      to climate warming is crucial for guiding targeted and precise interventions against these snails\n                      <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                      thereby advancing the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination and sustaining the achievement of elimination in China. This study aims to quantify the multi-scale responses of\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      to climate warming.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a 45-day temperature-controlled laboratory experiment with adult\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      from Hubei Gongan County, China, exposing snails to the Low Temp group (5\u00a0\u02daC), the Control group (25\u00a0\u02daC), and the High Temp group (30\u00a0\u02daC) to assess body-size-dependent survival. We then analyzed\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      surveillance data from 1990 to 2022 across 12 provinces in China (34,554 villages), linked to climate data downloaded from ERA5-Land. We developed sliding-window models to examine climate exposure across life stages to assess population-level responses to climate warming, and used general linear mixed-effects models to explore the environmental factors influencing climate responses (geographic variables: latitude, longitude, altitude, land use, historical climate variability). Model performance was evaluated to identify the best predictive models, which were subsequently used to project future\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      density under the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. We further sampled 240 wild\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and measured their body sizes to validate the previous results inversely.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the individual level, we observed that larger snails had a higher survival rate at both the Low Temp group (91.6%, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      85.8\u201397.7%) and High Temp group (45.7%, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      31.9\u201365.6%) compared with the control group (76.5%, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      58.7\u201399.5%). At the population level,\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      density closely tracks climate warming, with 92.0% of populations showing positive temperature sensitivity. Exposure during the coldest (January: 2.7\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20133<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u20135.1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; February: 3.3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      1.1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u20135.6\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and breeding seasons (April: 2.4\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      6\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20133<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u20134.3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; September\u2013October: 3.5\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      2\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20133<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u20136.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) had a greater influence on\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      density under climate warming.\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in waterbody-dominated areas showed the largest density growth rates (\n                      <jats:italic>\u00df<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.6\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      1.1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u20132.2\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), whereas crop populations were the most sensitive to land cover, a 1% increase in crop cover was associated with a 0.2 increase in population density. At the ecosystem level, only 19.0\u201324.6% of populations were expected to benefit from climate change by 2100, and these benefiting populations were concentrated in regions where sampled wild snails had a mean body size of 8.2\u00a0mm. Cropland will account for 72.0% of populations benefiting from climate warming, compared with 17.2% in forests and 8.3% in impervious-dominated areas.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>O. hupensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      populations grow under climate warming but are regulated by land-use types. To mitigate the impacts of climate warming and land-use on snails, surveillance and integrated interventions should be strengthened through multi-sector collaboration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-026-01475-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:02:00Z","timestamp":1783033320000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of climate warming on Oncomelania hupensis in China: multi-scale evidence"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Qin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Xin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Juan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-ying","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrg","family":"Utzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Nong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Zhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"1475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70521-7","volume":"6","author":"P Steinmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Steinmann P, Keiser J, Bos R, Tanner M, Utzinger J. Schistosomiasis and water resources development: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimates of people at risk. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6(7):411\u201325.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"1475_CR2","unstructured":"IHME. GBD Results University of Washington 2024. https:\/\/vizhub.healthdata.org\/gbd-results\/. Accessed 15 Sept 2025."},{"key":"1475_CR3","unstructured":"WHO. Ending the neglect to attain the sustainable development goals: a sustainability framework for action against neglected tropical diseases 2021\u20132030."},{"key":"1475_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-8-110","volume":"8","author":"R John","year":"2008","unstructured":"John R, Ezekiel M, Philbert C, Andrew A. Schistosomiasis transmission at high altitude crater lakes in western Uganda. BMC Infect Dis. 2008;8:110.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"1475_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00175-4","volume":"16","author":"J Boissier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boissier J, Grech-Angelini S, Webster BL, Allienne J-F, Huyse T, Mas-Coma S, et al. Outbreak of urogenital schistosomiasis in Corsica (France): an epidemiological case study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(8):971\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1475_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13070480","volume":"13","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Y, Guo M, Jiang J, Dai R, Rebi A, Shi Z, et al. Predicting climate change impact on the habitat suitability of the schistosoma intermediate host oncomelania hupensis in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China. Biology. 2024;13(7):e1079.","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"8","key":"1475_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.17434","volume":"30","author":"T van der Deure","year":"2024","unstructured":"van der Deure T, Maes T, Huyse T, Stensgaard AS. Climate change could fuel urinary schistosomiasis transmission in Africa and Europe. Glob Chang Biol. 2024;30(8):e17434.","journal-title":"Glob Chang Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-022-00980-2","volume":"11","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang X, Juma S, Li W, Suleman M, Muhsin MA, He J, et al. Potential risk of colonization of Bulinus globosus in the mainland of China under climate change. Infect Dis Poverty. 2022;11(1):52.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"2","key":"1475_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.188","volume":"78","author":"XN Zhou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhou XN, Yang GJ, Yang K, Wang XH, Hong QB, Sun LP, et al. Potential impact of climate change on schistosomiasis transmission in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2008;78(2):188\u201394.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"12","key":"1475_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-020-01303-0","volume":"4","author":"T Newbold","year":"2020","unstructured":"Newbold T, Oppenheimer P, Etard A, Williams JJ. Tropical and Mediterranean biodiversity is disproportionately sensitive to land-use and climate change. Nat Ecol Evol. 2020;4(12):1630\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Ecol Evol"},{"key":"1475_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-133","volume":"4","author":"GJ Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang GJ, Zhou XN, Sun LP, Wu F, Zhong B, Qiu DC, et al. Compensatory density feedback of Oncomelania hupensis populations in two different environmental settings in China. Parasit Vectors. 2011;4:133.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04420-8","volume":"13","author":"Q Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo Q, Chen C, Zhou K, Li Y, Tong L, Yue Y, et al. Evaluation of a real-time PCR assay for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica in the domestic goat. Parasit Vectors. 2020;13(1):535.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"8","key":"1475_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2022.04.002","volume":"52","author":"E Grover","year":"2022","unstructured":"Grover E, Paull S, Kechris K, Buchwald A, James K, Liu Y, et al. Predictors of bovine Schistosoma japonicum infection in rural Sichuan. China Int J Parasitol. 2022;52(8):485\u201396.","journal-title":"China Int J Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR14","first-page":"463","volume":"31","author":"SB L\u00fc","year":"2019","unstructured":"L\u00fc SB, Chen NG, Liu YM, Zhou LY, Wang YS, Hu F, et al. Survey of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild animals in hilly transmission-controlled areas of Jiangxi Province. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2019;31(5):463\u20137.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00676-5","volume":"9","author":"J Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu J, Li SZ, Zhang LJ, Bergquist R, Dang H, Wang Q, et al. Surveillance-based evidence: elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem in the Peoples\u2019 Republic of China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020;9(1):63.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"1475_CR16","volume-title":"Report on nationwide survey of Oncomelania hupensis in China","author":"X Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou X. Report on nationwide survey of Oncomelania hupensis in China. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Techonlogy Press; 2022."},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05952-5","volume":"16","author":"N Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu N, Zhang Y, Du C, Song J, Huang J, Gong Y, et al. Prediction of Oncomelania hupensis distribution in association with climate change using machine learning models. Parasit Vectors. 2023;16(1):377.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"1475_CR18","unstructured":"Zhou XN, Zhang Y, Hong QB, Xu JD, Wang TP, Yuan Y, et al. Practical Oncomelania Snail Science. 2005. 332."},{"issue":"4","key":"1475_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e584","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1708729114","volume":"115","author":"NC Lo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lo NC, Gurarie D, Yoon N, Coulibaly JT, Bendavid E, Andrews JR, et al. Impact and cost-effectiveness of snail control to achieve disease control targets for schistosomiasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2018;115(4):e584\u201391.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"1475_CR20","unstructured":"WHO. Guidelines for laboratory and filed testing of molluscidides for control of schistosomioasis 2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241515405. Accessed 20 Jan 2026."},{"key":"1475_CR21","unstructured":"Office of National Schistosomiasis Control. National statistics of schistosomiasis treatment and control. Shanghai, China. 1958."},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-025-01281-0","volume":"14","author":"S Lv","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lv S, Xu J, Li YL, Bao ZP, Zhang LJ, Yang K, et al. Snail control as a crucial approach to schistosomiasis elimination: evidence from the People\u2019s Republic of China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2025;14(1):10.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"3","key":"1475_CR23","first-page":"221","volume":"36","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, He J, Yang F, Dang H, Li Y, Guo S, et al. Progress of schistosomiasis control in People\u2019s Republic of China in 2023. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2024;36(3):221\u20137.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"1475_CR24","first-page":"223","volume":"37","author":"J He","year":"2025","unstructured":"He J, Zhang L, Yang F, Dang H, Li Y, Guo S, et al. Progress of schistosomiasis control in the People\u2019s Republic of China in 2024. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2025;37(3):223\u201331.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"1475_CR25","first-page":"127","volume":"33","author":"YL Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li YL, Dang H, Guo SY, Cao CL, L\u00fc S, Xu J, et al. National surveillance of Oncomelania hupensis in China, 2015\u20132019. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2021;33(2):127\u201332.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"key":"1475_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.09.013","volume":"190","author":"AS Stensgaard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stensgaard AS, Vounatsou P, Sengupta ME, Utzinger J. Schistosomes, snails and climate change: current trends and future expectations. Acta Trop. 2019;190:257\u201368.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1475_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22050812","author":"KK Asare","year":"2025","unstructured":"Asare KK, Mohammed MW, Aboagye YO, Arndts K, Ritter M. Impact of climate change on schistosomiasis transmission and distribution-scoping review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph22050812.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-021-00826-3","volume":"10","author":"MM Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu MM, Feng Y, Yang K. Impact of micro-environmental factors on survival, reproduction and distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails. Infect Dis Poverty. 2021;10(1):47.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01163-3","volume":"12","author":"X Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu X, Sun Y, Yin Y, Dai X, Bergquist R, Gao F, et al. Influence of urbanization on schistosomiasis infection risk in Anhui Province based on sixteen year\u2019s longitudinal surveillance data: a spatio-temporal modelling study. Infect Dis Poverty. 2023;12(1):108.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"1475_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2022.106417","volume":"231","author":"H Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu H, Liu JB, Xiao Y, Tu ZW, Shan XW, Li B, et al. Efforts to eliminate schistosomiasis in Hubei province, China: 2005\u20132018. Acta Trop. 2022;231:106417.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"4","key":"1475_CR31","first-page":"426","volume":"29","author":"Q Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Q, Wang F, Zhu H, Sun C, Wang Y, Yin X, et al. Dynamic change of population structure of Oncomelania hupensis. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2017;29(4):426\u201330.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2020.08.019","volume":"36","author":"H Schulte To B\u00fchne","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schulte To B\u00fchne H, Tobias JA, Durant SM, Pettorelli N. Improving predictions of climate change-land use change interactions. Trends Ecol Evol. 2021;36(1):29\u201338.","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"1475_CR33","volume-title":"Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Insects","author":"JF Harrison","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harrison JF, Woods HA, Roberts SP. Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Insects. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2013."},{"issue":"12","key":"1475_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-025-05816-y","volume":"207","author":"KA Stella","year":"2025","unstructured":"Stella KA, Johnson DW. Temperature moderates the scaling relationships of energy supply and demand with body size and helps explain the temperature-size rule in a marine snail. Oecologia. 2025;207(12):180.","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1086\/BBLv230n1p78","volume":"230","author":"HM Hemmert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hemmert HM, Baltzley MJ. Intraspecific scaling relationships between crawling speed and body size in a gastropod. Biol Bull. 2016;230(1):78\u201384.","journal-title":"Biol Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"1475_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.4221","volume":"105","author":"KE Shaw","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shaw KE, Cloud RE, Syed R, Civitello DJ. Parasite transmission in size-structured populations. Ecology. 2024;105(2):e4221.","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.12554","volume":"28","author":"J Arendt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Arendt J. Why get big in the cold? Size-fecundity relationships explain the temperature-size rule in a pulmonate snail (Physa). J Evol Biol. 2015;28(1):169\u201378.","journal-title":"J Evol Biol"},{"key":"1475_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2017.06.001","volume":"69","author":"T Knigge","year":"2017","unstructured":"Knigge T, Di Lellis MA, Monsinjon T, K\u00f6hler HR. Relevance of body size and shell colouration for thermal absorption and heat loss in white garden snails, Theba pisana (Helicidae), from Northern France. J Therm Biol. 2017;69:54\u201363.","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01095-y","volume":"12","author":"Y Gong","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gong Y, Tong Y, Jiang H, Xu N, Yin J, Wang J, et al. Three Gorges Dam: the changing trend of snail density in the Yangtze River basin between 1990 and 2019. Infect Dis Poverty. 1990;12(1):45.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR40","first-page":"469","volume":"32","author":"MM Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu MM, Feng Y, Zhang JF, Shi L, Wang XY, Liu L, et al. Spatio-temporal patterns of Oncomelania hupensis snail habitats in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou cities along the Taihu Lake region. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2020;32(5):469\u201375.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"1475_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00011-6","volume":"82","author":"X Zhou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhou X, Dandan L, Huiming Y, Honggen C, Leping S, Guojing Y, et al. Use of landsat TM satellite surveillance data to measure the impact of the 1998 flood on snail intermediate host dispersal in the lower Yangtze River Basin. Acta Trop. 2002;82(2):199\u2013205.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1475_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2019.04.030","volume":"195","author":"LJ Zhang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhang LJ, Dai SM, Xue JB, Li YL, Lv S, Xu J, et al. The epidemiological status of schistosomiasis in P. R. China after the World Bank Loan Project, 2002-2017. Acta Trop. 2002;195:135\u201341.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1475_CR43","unstructured":"Zhou X. Handbook of Schistosomiasis Control. Shanghai Century Publishing Group. 2021."},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02637-7","volume":"10","author":"T Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang T, Cheng C, Wu X. Mapping the spatial heterogeneity of global land use and land cover from 2020 to 2100 at a 1 km resolution. Sci Data. 2023;10(1):748.","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"issue":"4","key":"1475_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0315-8","volume":"100","author":"GJ Yang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yang GJ, Utzinger J, Sun LP, Hong QB, Vounatsou P, Tanner M, et al. Effect of temperature on the development of Schistosoma japonicum within Oncomelania hupensis, and hibernation of O. hupensis. Parasitol Res. 2007;100(4):695\u2013700.","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"1475_CR46","unstructured":"Therneau TM. coxme: Mixed Effects Cox Models 2024. https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/ coxme\/index.html. Accessed 13 Apr 2026."},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-95551-4","volume":"15","author":"H Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li H, Li G, Gao X, Chen C, Cui Z, Cao X, et al. Development of a reliable risk prognostic model for lung adenocarcinoma based on the genes related to endotheliocyte senescence. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):12604.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"1475_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.14400","volume":"27","author":"DJ Marshall","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marshall DJ. Principles of experimental design for ecology and evolution. Ecol Lett. 2024;27(4):e14400.","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1475_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.07.029","volume":"96","author":"JG Guo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guo JG, Vounatsou P, Cao CL, Utzinger J, Zhu HQ, Anderegg D, et al. A geographic information and remote sensing based model for prediction of Oncomelania hupensis habitats in the Poyang Lake area. China Acta Trop. 2005;96(2\u20133):213\u201322.","journal-title":"China Acta Trop"},{"issue":"12","key":"1475_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167980","volume":"11","author":"LD Bailey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bailey LD, van de Pol M. climwin: an R toolbox for climate window analysis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(12):e0167980.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"1475_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-021-01546-0","volume":"53","author":"L Kumle","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumle L, V\u00f5 ML, Draschkow D. Estimating power in (generalized) linear mixed models: an open introduction and tutorial in R. Behav Res Method. 2021;53(6):2528\u201343.","journal-title":"Behav Res Method"},{"key":"1475_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2016.11.015","volume":"104","author":"F Gerber","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gerber F, M\u00f6singer K, Furrer R. Extending R packages to support 64-bit compiled code: an illustration with spam64 and GIMMS NDVI3g data. Comput Geosci. 2017;104:109\u201319.","journal-title":"Comput Geosci"},{"issue":"24","key":"1475_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5905","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.1785","volume":"5","author":"DJ Marshall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marshall DJ, Rezende EL, Baharuddin N, Choi F, Helmuth B. Thermal tolerance and climate warming sensitivity in tropical snails. Ecol Evol. 2015;5(24):5905\u201319.","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1475_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003935","volume":"9","author":"SW Attwood","year":"2015","unstructured":"Attwood SW, Ibaraki M, Saitoh Y, Nihei N, Janies DA. Comparative phylogenetic studies on schistosoma japonicum and its snail intermediate host oncomelania hupensis: origins, dispersal and coevolution. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(7):e0003935.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"1475_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005151","volume":"10","author":"JR Head","year":"2016","unstructured":"Head JR, Chang H, Li Q, Hoover CM, Wilke T, Clewing C, et al. Genetic evidence of contemporary dispersal of the intermediate snail host of schistosoma japonicum: movement of an NTD host is facilitated by land use and landscape connectivity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10(12):e0005151.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR56","first-page":"242","volume":"8","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Guo S, Dang H, Zhang L, Xu J, Li S. Oncomelania hupensis distribution and schistosomiasis transmission risk in different environments under field conditions. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2023;8(5):242.","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"1475_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013180","volume":"19","author":"MN Sule","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sule MN, El Lahham I, Munkombwe MN, Nasike P, Gouvras A, Rollinson D, et al. Schistosomiasis and water resources development in Africa: a scoping review and multi-case evaluation of associated snail control. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2025;19(6):e0013180.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"1475_CR58","first-page":"253","volume-title":"Life-History Responses to the Altitudinal Gradient","author":"P Laiolo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laiolo P, Obeso JR. Life-History Responses to the Altitudinal Gradient. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 253\u201383."},{"key":"1475_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-020-00938-y","author":"I Peralta-Maraver","year":"2021","unstructured":"Peralta-Maraver I, Rezende E. Heat tolerance in ectotherms scales predictably with body size. Nat Clim Chang. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41558-020-00938-y.","journal-title":"Nat Clim Chang"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.245645","volume":"227","author":"AR Gunderson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gunderson AR. Disentangling physiological and physical explanations for body size-dependent thermal tolerance. J Exp Biol. 2024;227(5):e245645.","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR61","first-page":"127","volume":"47","author":"GJ Yang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yang GJ, Vounatsou P, Zhou XN, Tanner M, Utzinger J. A potential impact of climate change and water resource development on the transmission of Schistosoma japonicum in China. Parassitologia. 2005;47(1):127\u201334.","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"1475_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070662","volume":"8","author":"JD Gait\u00e1n-Espitia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gait\u00e1n-Espitia JD, Bel\u00e9n Arias M, Lardies MA, Nespolo RF. Variation in thermal sensitivity and thermal tolerances in an invasive species across a climatic gradient: lessons from the land snail cornu aspersum. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(8):e70662.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"1475_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007386","volume":"13","author":"C Xia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xia C, Hu Y, Ward MP, Lynn H, Li S, Zhang J, et al. Identification of high-risk habitats of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of schistosoma japonium in the Poyang Lake region, China: a spatial and ecological analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019;13(6):e0007386.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"1475_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2021.103113","volume":"102","author":"S Pallar\u00e9s","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pallar\u00e9s S, Verberk WCEP, Bilton DT. Plasticity of thermal performance curves in a narrow range endemic water beetle. J Therm Biol. 2021;102:103113.","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1475_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.72532","volume":"15","author":"G Garlasch\u00e8","year":"2025","unstructured":"Garlasch\u00e8 G, Broitman BR, Riley C, Drolet D, Howland KL, McKindsey CW, et al. Local conditions and environmental gradients shape the abundance and size structure of a non-native intertidal species in Atlantic North America. Ecol Evol. 2025;15(12):e72532.","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR66","first-page":"541","volume":"25","author":"C Xu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xu C, Xiao X, Zheng S, Lu J, Zhang L, Fan Q, et al. Sequential implementing farmland consolidation and replacing cattle with machine to control schistosomiasis. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2013;25(5):541.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"1475_CR67","first-page":"18","volume":"37","author":"S Fei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fei S, Sun Q, Zhou J, Jiang J. A discussion on improving quality and increasing benefits of forestry schistosomiasis control programs. J Sichuan For Sci Technol. 2016;37(2):18\u201326.","journal-title":"J Sichuan For Sci Technol"},{"key":"1475_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.02.004","volume":"92","author":"Y Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang Y, Zhou YB, Song XX, Li SZ, Zhong B, Wang TP, et al. Integrated control strategy of schistosomiasis in the People\u2019s Republic of China: projects involving agriculture, water conservancy, forestry. Sanit Environ Modif Adv Parasitol. 2016;92:237\u201368.","journal-title":"Sanit Environ Modif Adv Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1475_CR69","first-page":"125","volume":"11","author":"S Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang S, Xu Y, Cao Z, Jin W, Yang W. Impact on activity of AST, ALT, ALP and SDH for snails in project of afforestation for schistosomiasis control with different modes. J Trop Dis Parasitol. 2013;11(3):125.","journal-title":"J Trop Dis Parasitol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1475_CR70","first-page":"472","volume":"30","author":"X Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang X, Sun Q, Zeng Z, Guo W, Zhou J. Discussion on strategy of development of forestry schistosomiasis control programs of China in new period. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2018;30(4):472\u20135.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"key":"1475_CR71","first-page":"386","volume":"23","author":"G Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu G, Li K, Zhang C. Mountainous area snail control effect and the ecological and economic benefits of forests in snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2011;23:386\u20139.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1475_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.07.014","volume":"96","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yuan Y, Xu X, Dong H, Jiang M, Zhu H. Transmission control of schistosomiasis japonica: implementation and evaluation of different snail control interventions. Acta Trop. 2005;96(2\u20133):191\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"4","key":"1475_CR73","first-page":"393","volume":"25","author":"Y Dong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dong Y, Feng X, Huang P, DONG X, Shi XW, Yang. WC. Effect of water-saving irrigation engineering on schistosomiasis control in Eryuan County of Yunnan Province. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2013;25(4):393.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR74","first-page":"522","volume":"24","author":"Y Huang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang Y. Effect of water conservancy schistosomiasis control projects in rivers and estuaries connecting with the Yangtze River on Oncomelania snail control. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2012;24(5):522.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"1475_CR75","first-page":"403","volume":"22","author":"X Xu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xu X, Lu J, Peng X. Function and significance of water conservancy and anti-schistosomiasis project to control schistosomiasis transmission in China. Chin J Schistosomiasis Control. 2010;22(5):403.","journal-title":"Chin J Schistosomiasis Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"1475_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05496-0","volume":"15","author":"S Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen S, Lu D, Duan L, Ma B, Lv C, Li YL, et al. Cross-watershed distribution pattern challenging the elimination of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonica, in Sichuan province, China. Parasit Vectors. 2022;15(1):363.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"1475_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.02.019","volume":"92","author":"Y Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zhou YB, Li RZ, Wan JJ, Yang Y, Qiu DC, et al. Epidemiological features and effectiveness of schistosomiasis control programme in mountainous and hilly region of the People\u2019s Republic of China. Adv Parasitol. 2016;92:73\u201395.","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases of Poverty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01475-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01475-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01475-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:02:08Z","timestamp":1783033328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01475-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-026-01475-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors give their consent for the publication of the present manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"76"}}