{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:02:41Z","timestamp":1790182961876,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Start-up Research Grant of Shenzhen University","award":["20200807163056003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200807163056003"]}]},{"name":"Start-Up Research Grant","award":["Peacock Plan: 20191105534C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Peacock Plan: 20191105534C"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Eat Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although numerous studies have\u00a0examined associations between personality traits and eating disorders in females, few studies have been conducted on female exercisers. Given the high risk of disordered eating in female exercisers, this study investigated the associations between the Big Five personality traits and disordered eating in female exercisers, and further explored the potential mediators, namely exercise dependence symptoms, and obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms underlying this association. <\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 295 female exercisers aged between 18 to 67\u00a0years (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u00a022.11, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u00a06.65) participated in this study. \n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Negative and statistically significant correlations between conscientiousness (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.17, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), emotional stability (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.27, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and agreeableness (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.18, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and disordered eating were observed in our sample of female exercisers. The multiple mediation analyses revealed that exercise dependence symptoms and obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms mediate the relationship between conscientiousness (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016, <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009[0.003, 0.031]), emotional stability (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009-0.012, <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009[\u2212\u00a00.028, \u2212\u00a00.002]), and disordered eating\u00a0in female exercisers, whereas obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.041, <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009[\u2212\u00a00.088, \u2212\u00a00.001]) but not exercise dependence symptoms are a mediator of the relationship between agreeableness and disordered eating. <\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings can be used to improve the screening procedures for eating disorders in female exercisers as they contribute to a better understanding of the psychological mechanisms that underlie the associations between the Big Five personality traits and disordered eating.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00679-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T12:03:54Z","timestamp":1668686634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Relationships between personality traits and disordered eating among Chinese female exercisers: the role of symptoms of exercise dependence and obsessive-compulsiveness"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Peiying","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Herold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Notger G.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyx","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Szabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Granziol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Landolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Solmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liye","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20560","volume":"42","author":"JM Holm-Denoma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Holm-Denoma JM, Scaringi V, Gordon KH, Van Orden KA, Joiner TE Jr. Eating disorder symptoms among undergraduate varsity athletes, club athletes, independent exercisers, and nonexercisers. Int J Eat Disord. 2009;42(1):47\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-1011-4","volume":"49","author":"A Marques","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marques A, Peralta M, Sarmento H, Loureiro V, Gouveia \u00c9R, de Matos MG. Prevalence of risk for exercise dependence: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2019;49(2):319\u201330.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1080\/13548500126535","volume":"6","author":"M Gulker","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gulker M, Laskis TA, Kuba SA. Do excessive exercisers have a higher rate of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology? Psychol Health Med. 2001;6(4):387\u201398.","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"},{"key":"679_CR4","first-page":"127","volume-title":"Exercise addiction and compulsive exercising: relationship to eating disorders substance use disorders and addictive disorders. Eating disorders, addictions and substance use disorders","author":"B Cook","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cook B, Hausenblas H, Freimuth M. Exercise addiction and compulsive exercising: relationship to eating disorders substance use disorders and addictive disorders. Eating disorders, addictions and substance use disorders. USA: Springer; 2014. p. 127\u201344."},{"issue":"7","key":"679_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.08.001","volume":"29","author":"SE Altman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Altman SE, Shankman SA. What is the association between obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and eating disorders? Clin Psychol Rev. 2009;29(7):638\u201346.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"679_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S113093","volume":"10","author":"MB Lichtenstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lichtenstein MB, Hinze CJ, Emborg B, Thomsen F, Hemmingsen SD. Compulsive exercise: links, risks and challenges faced. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2017;10:85.","journal-title":"Psychol Res Behav Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2050-2974-1-16","volume":"1","author":"S Young","year":"2013","unstructured":"Young S, Rhodes P, Touyz S, Hay P. The relationship between obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits, obsessive-compulsive disorder and excessive exercise in patients with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review. J Eat Disord. 2013;1(1):1\u201313.","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.4.1.5","volume":"4","author":"PT Costa","year":"1992","unstructured":"Costa PT, McCrae RR. Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: the NEO personality inventory. Psychol Assess. 1992;4(1):5.","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"679_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.04.005","volume":"46","author":"SM Farstad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Farstad SM, McGeown LM, von Ranson KM. Eating disorders and personality, 2004\u20132016: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016;46:91\u2013105.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"106","key":"679_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.33607\/bjshs.v3i106.30","volume":"3","author":"J Bircher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bircher J, Griffiths MD, Kasos K, Demetrovics Z, Szabo A. Exercise addiction and personality: a two-decade systematic review of the empirical literature (1995\u20132015). Baltic J Sports Health Sci. 2017;3(106):19\u201333.","journal-title":"Baltic J Sports Health Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000158378.14019.89","volume":"193","author":"NA Rector","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rector NA, Richter MA, Bagby RM. The impact of personality on symptom expression in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2005;193(4):231\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00088-8","volume":"41","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Cooper Z, Shafran R. Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: a \u201ctransdiagnostic\u201d theory and treatment. Behav Res Ther. 2003;41(5):509\u201328.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025956","volume":"31","author":"TD Wade","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wade TD, Wilksch SM, Lee C. A longitudinal investigation of the impact of disordered eating on young women\u2019s quality of life. Health Psychol. 2012;31(3):352.","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"679_CR14","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Introduction to a special issue on eating disorders in Asia","author":"YR Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim YR, Nakai Y, Thomas JJ. Introduction to a special issue on eating disorders in Asia. USA: Wiley Online Library; 2021. p. 3\u20136."},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00081-X","volume":"3","author":"U Schmidt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schmidt U, Adan R, B\u00f6hm I, Campbell IC, Dingemans A, Ehrlich S, et al. Eating disorders: the big issue. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(4):313\u20135.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR16","first-page":"253","volume":"15","author":"JM Swinbourne","year":"2007","unstructured":"Swinbourne JM, Touyz SW. The co-morbidity of eating disorders and anxiety disorders: a review European eating disorders review. Profess J Eating Disorders Assoc. 2007;15(4):253\u201374.","journal-title":"Profess J Eating Disorders Assoc"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"679_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.06.023","volume":"97","author":"N Godart","year":"2007","unstructured":"Godart N, Perdereau F, Rein Z, Berthoz S, Wallier J, Jeammet P, et al. Comorbidity studies of eating disorders and mood disorders. Critical review of the literature. J Affect Disorders. 2007;97(1\u20133):37\u201349.","journal-title":"J Affect Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-019-00842-1","volume":"26","author":"M Trott","year":"2021","unstructured":"Trott M, Jackson SE, Firth J, Jacob L, Grabovac I, Mistry A, et al. A comparative meta-analysis of the prevalence of exercise addiction in adults with and without indicated eating disorders. Eating Weight Disorders-Stud Anorexia, Bulimia Obesity. 2021;26(1):37\u201346.","journal-title":"Eating Weight Disorders-Stud Anorexia, Bulimia Obesity"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2368","volume":"24","author":"M Zeiler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeiler M, Waldherr K, Philipp J, Nitsch M, D\u00fcr W, Karwautz A, et al. Prevalence of eating disorder risk and associations with health-related quality of life: results from a large school-based population screening. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2016;24(1):9\u201318.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-014-0019-x","volume":"2","author":"K Kostro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kostro K, Lerman JB, Attia E. The current status of suicide and self-injury in eating disorders: a narrative review. J Eat Disord. 2014;2(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"679_CR21","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Personality characteristics as a risk factor in the development of eating disorders","author":"C Johnson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Johnson C, Wonderlich S. Personality characteristics as a risk factor in the development of eating disorders. The etiology of bulimia nervosa: Taylor & Francis; 2013. p. 195\u2013212."},{"key":"679_CR22","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Personality traits and disorders associated with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder","author":"H Steiger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Steiger H, Bruce KR. Personality traits and disorders associated with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Clinical handbook of eating disorders: CRC Press; 2004. p. 233\u201356."},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70221-5","volume":"24","author":"S Wonderlich","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wonderlich S, Mitchell JE. The role of personality in the onset of eating disorders and treatment implications. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2001;24(2):249\u201358.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"679_CR24","volume-title":"Personality: theory and research","author":"D Cervone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cervone D, Pervin LA. Personality: theory and research. USA: John Wiley Sons; 2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221","volume":"41","author":"JM Digman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Digman JM. Personality structure: emergence of the five-factor model. Annu Rev Psychol. 1990;41(1):417\u201340.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2005.07.003","volume":"7","author":"JL Miller","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miller JL, Schmidt LA, Vaillancourt T, McDougall P, Laliberte M. Neuroticism and introversion: a risky combination for disordered eating among a non-clinical sample of undergraduate women. Eat Behav. 2006;7(1):69\u201378.","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2009.04.001","volume":"10","author":"VV MacLaren","year":"2009","unstructured":"MacLaren VV, Best LA. Female students\u2019 disordered eating and the big five personality facets. Eat Behav. 2009;10(3):192\u20135.","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S1469-0292(00)00015-7","volume":"3","author":"HA Hausenblas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hausenblas HA, Downs DS. Exercise dependence: a systematic review. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2002;3(2):89\u2013123.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3810\/psm.2009.10.1725","volume":"37","author":"RD Grave","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grave RD. Features and management of compulsive exercising in eating disorders. Phys Sportsmed. 2009;37(3):20\u20138.","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1122","volume":"19","author":"C Meyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meyer C, Taranis L, Goodwin H, Haycraft E. Compulsive exercise and eating disorders. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2011;19(3):174\u201389.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1121","volume":"19","author":"C Meyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meyer C, Taranis L. Exercise in the eating disorders: terms and definitions. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2011;19(3):169\u201373.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2007.12.007","volume":"49","author":"R Dalle Grave","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Marchesini G. Compulsive exercise to control shape or weight in eating disorders: prevalence, associated features, and treatment outcome. Compr Psychiatry. 2008;49(4):346\u201352.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.971","volume":"19","author":"S Bratland-Sanda","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bratland-Sanda S, Martinsen EW, Rosenvinge JH, R\u00f8 \u00d8, Hoffart A, Sundgot-Borgen J. Exercise dependence score in patients with longstanding eating disorders and controls: the importance of affect regulation and physical activity intensity. European Eating Disorders Rev. 2011;19(3):249.","journal-title":"European Eating Disorders Rev"},{"key":"679_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24612-3_919","author":"JS Abramowitz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abramowitz JS, Reuman L. Obsessive compulsive disorder. Encyclopedia Personal Individ Diff. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-24612-3_919.","journal-title":"Encyclopedia Personal Individ Diff"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(00)00012-X","volume":"30","author":"L Spano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Spano L. The relationship between exercise and anxiety, obsessive-compulsiveness, and narcissism. Pers Individ Dif. 2001;30(1):87\u201393.","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"issue":"8","key":"679_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201710","volume":"13","author":"J Kirchherr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kirchherr J, Charles K. Enhancing the sample diversity of snowball samples: recommendations from a research project on anti-dam movements in Southeast Asia. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(8): e0201710.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1080\/0887044022000004894","volume":"17","author":"HA Hausenblas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hausenblas HA, Downs DS. How much is too much? The development and validation of the exercise dependence scale. Psychol Health. 2002;17(4):387\u2013404.","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"key":"679_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hausenblas HA, Symons Downs D. Exercise dependence scale-21 manual. Recuperado de http:\/\/www.personal.psu.edu\/dsd11\/EDS\/EDS21Manual.pdf. 2002.","DOI":"10.1037\/t59494-000"},{"key":"679_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang P, Yu Q, Montag C, Becker B, Cheval B, Herold F, et al. Validation of the chinese version of the exercise dependence scale-revised (EDS-R). Int J Mental Health Addict 2021:1\u201320.","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/t85vh"},{"key":"679_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"The contribution of BMI, body image inflexibility, and generalized anxiety to symptoms of eating disorders and exercise dependence in exercisers https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/ijmhp.2022.024862","DOI":"10.32604\/ijmhp.2022.024862"},{"issue":"7223","key":"679_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7223.1467","volume":"319","author":"JF Morgan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Morgan JF, Reid F, Lacey JH. The SCOFF questionnaire: assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders. BMJ. 1999;319(7223):1467\u20138.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2008.09.004","volume":"46","author":"SF Leung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leung SF, Lee KL, Lee SM, Leung SC, Hung WS, Lee WL, et al. Psychometric properties of the SCOFF questionnaire (Chinese version) for screening eating disorders in Hong Kong secondary school students: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46(2):239\u201347.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"8","key":"679_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.03.001","volume":"20","author":"JS Abramowitz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ. Psychometric properties and construct validity of the obsessive-compulsive inventory\u2014revised: replication and extension with a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord. 2006;20(8):1016\u201335.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"679_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2020.100557","volume":"27","author":"A Abramovitch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abramovitch A, Abramowitz JS, Riemann BC, McKay D. Severity benchmarks and contemporary clinical norms for the obsessive-compulsive inventory-revised (OCI-R). J Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorder. 2020;27: 100557.","journal-title":"J Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorder"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.12809\/eaap1832","volume":"29","author":"K Hon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hon K, Siu BW, Cheng C, Wong WC, Foa EB. Validation of the Chinese version of obsessive-compulsive inventory-revised. East Asian Arch Psychiatry. 2019;29(4):103\u201311.","journal-title":"East Asian Arch Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-6566(03)00046-1","volume":"37","author":"SD Gosling","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gosling SD, Rentfrow PJ, Swann WB Jr. A very brief measure of the big-five personality domains. J Res Pers. 2003;37(6):504\u201328.","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1037\/pspi0000237","volume":"119","author":"JG Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu JG, Liu XL, Liao H, Wang L. Disentangling stereotypes from social reality: astrological stereotypes and discrimination in China. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2020;119(6):1359.","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","volume":"112","author":"J Cohen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cohen J. A power primer. Psychol Bull. 1992;112(1):155.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"679_CR49","volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach","author":"AF Hayes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hayes AF. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach. London: Guilford publications; 2017."},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1080\/03637750903310360","volume":"76","author":"AF Hayes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hayes AF. Beyond baron and kenny: statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Commun Monogr. 2009;76(4):408\u201320.","journal-title":"Commun Monogr"},{"key":"679_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.11.001","volume":"98","author":"AF Hayes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hayes AF, Rockwood NJ. Regression-based statistical mediation and moderation analysis in clinical research: observations, recommendations, and implementation. Behav Res Ther. 2017;98:39\u201357.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2013.06.015","volume":"14","author":"S Ellickson-Larew","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ellickson-Larew S, Naragon-Gainey K, Watson D. Pathological eating behaviors, BMI, and facet-level traits: the roles of conscientiousness, neuroticism, and impulsivity. Eat Behav. 2013;14(4):428\u201331.","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-017-0177-8","volume":"5","author":"LP MacNeill","year":"2017","unstructured":"MacNeill LP, Best LA, Davis LL. The role of personality in body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating: discrepancies between men and women. J Eat Disord. 2017;5(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.551","volume":"12","author":"E Bollen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bollen E, Wojciechowski FL. Anorexia nervosa subtypes and the big five personality factors. European Eating Disorder Rev: Profess J Eating Disorder Assoc. 2004;12(2):117\u201321.","journal-title":"European Eating Disorder Rev: Profess J Eating Disorder Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2534","volume":"25","author":"C Peterh\u00e4nsel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Peterh\u00e4nsel C, Linde K, Wagner B, Dietrich A, Kersting A. Subtypes of personality and \u2018locus of control\u2019in bariatric patients and their effect on weight loss, eating disorder and depressive symptoms, and quality of life. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2017;25(5):397\u2013405.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.938","volume":"17","author":"GA Tasca","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tasca GA, Demidenko N, Krysanski V, Bissada H, Illing V, Gick M, et al. Personality dimensions among women with an eating disorder: Towards reconceptualizing DSM. European Eating Disorder Rev: Profess J Eating Disorder Assoc. 2009;17(4):281\u20139.","journal-title":"European Eating Disorder Rev: Profess J Eating Disorder Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0984(200007\/08)14:4<311::AID-PER378>3.0.CO;2-8","volume":"14","author":"A Ghaderi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ghaderi A, Scott B. The big five and eating disorders: a prospective study in the general population. Eur J Pers. 2000;14(4):311\u201323.","journal-title":"Eur J Pers"},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-017-0387-8","volume":"24","author":"MJ Sanchez-Ruiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sanchez-Ruiz MJ, El-Jor C, Abi Kharma J, Bassil M, Zeeni N. Personality, emotion-related variables, and media pressure predict eating disorders via disordered eating in Lebanese university students. Eating Weight Disorder-Stud Anorexia, Bulimia Obesity. 2019;24(2):313\u201322.","journal-title":"Eating Weight Disorder-Stud Anorexia, Bulimia Obesity"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/00223989909599727","volume":"133","author":"S Mathers","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mathers S, Walker MB. Extraversion and exercise addiction. J Psychol. 1999;133(1):125\u20138.","journal-title":"J Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR60","first-page":"5","volume":"19","author":"S Costa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Costa S, Oliva P. Examining relationship between personality characteristics and exercise dependence. Rev Psychol. 2012;19(1):5\u201311.","journal-title":"Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2006.06.025","volume":"31","author":"I Podar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Podar I, Jaanisk M, Allik J, Harro J. Psychological traits and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in eating disorder patients: their relationship and stability. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007;31(1):248\u201353.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(03)00214-9","volume":"36","author":"HA Hausenblas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hausenblas HA, Giacobbi PR Jr. Relationship between exercise dependence symptoms and personality. Personality Individ Differ. 2004;36(6):1265\u201373.","journal-title":"Personality Individ Differ"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(97)00231-6","volume":"24","author":"KS Courneya","year":"1998","unstructured":"Courneya KS, Hellsten L-AM. Personality correlates of exercise behavior, motives, barriers and preferences: an application of the five-factor model. Personal Indiv Diff. 1998;24(5):625\u201333.","journal-title":"Personal Indiv Diff"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.6.887","volume":"130","author":"T Bogg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bogg T, Roberts BW. Conscientiousness and health-related behaviors: a meta-analysis of the leading behavioral contributors to mortality. Psychol Bull. 2004;130(6):887\u2013919.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20190","volume":"38","author":"KA Halmi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Halmi KA, Tozzi F, Thornton LM, Crow S, Fichter MM, Kaplan AS, et al. The relation among perfectionism, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder in individuals with eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2005;38(4):371\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"679_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.12.2215","volume":"161","author":"WH Kaye","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaye WH, Bulik MC, Thornton L, Barbarich N, Masters K. Comorbidity of anxiety disorders with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(12):2215\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(03)00038-6","volume":"117","author":"NT Godart","year":"2003","unstructured":"Godart NT, Flament MF, Curt F, Perdereau F, Lang F, Venisse JL, et al. Anxiety disorders in subjects seeking treatment for eating disorders: a DSM-IV controlled study. Psychiatry Res. 2003;117(3):245\u201358.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"679_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.11.006","volume":"142","author":"C Davis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Davis C, Kaptein S. Anorexia nervosa with excessive exercise: a phenotype with close links to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2006;142(2\u20133):209\u201317.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1110","volume":"19","author":"H Naylor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Naylor H, Mountford V, Brown G. Beliefs about excessive exercise in eating disorders: the role of obsessions and compulsions. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2011;19(3):226\u201336.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"679_CR70","unstructured":"Cook B, Wonderlich S, Crosby R, Engel S, Mitchell J, Crow S, et al., editors. Ecological momentary assessment of compulsive exercise intensity and affect in anorexia nervosa. Oral presentation at the annual meeting of the eating disorders research society; 2014."},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034010","volume":"122","author":"SG Engel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Engel SG, Wonderlich SA, Crosby RD, Mitchell JE, Crow S, Peterson CB, et al. The role of affect in the maintenance of anorexia nervosa: evidence from a naturalistic assessment of momentary behaviors and emotion. J Abnorm Psychol. 2013;122(3):709.","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"679_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23124","volume":"52","author":"KE Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith KE, Mason TB, Juarascio A, Schaefer LM, Crosby RD, Engel SG, et al. Moving beyond self-report data collection in the natural environment: A review of the past and future directions for ambulatory assessment in eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2019;52(10):1157\u201375.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20247","volume":"39","author":"H Shroff","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shroff H, Reba L, Thornton LM, Tozzi F, Klump KL, Berrettini WH, et al. Features associated with excessive exercise in women with eating disorders. Int J Eating Disorder. 2006;39(6):454\u201361.","journal-title":"Int J Eating Disorder"},{"issue":"7","key":"679_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000912","volume":"48","author":"B Cook","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cook B, Wonderlich SA, Mitchell J, Thompson R, Sherman R, McCallum K. Exercise in eating disorders treatment: systematic review and proposal of guidelines. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016;48(7):1408.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR75","first-page":"1","volume":"30","author":"L Hallward","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hallward L, Di Marino A, Duncan LR. A systematic review of treatment approaches for compulsive exercise among individuals with eating disorders. Eat Disord. 2021;30(4):1\u201326.","journal-title":"Eat Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.6.848","volume":"158","author":"HC Kraemer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kraemer HC, Stice E, Kazdin A, Offord D, Kupfer D. How do risk factors work together? Mediators, moderators, and independent, overlapping, and proxy risk factors. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158(6):848\u201356.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s12646-015-0339-1","volume":"60","author":"S Tarafder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tarafder S, Mukhopadhyay P. Exploring the possibility of shared familial diathesis for personality in OCD probands. Psychol Stud. 2015;60(4):455\u201361.","journal-title":"Psychol Stud"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70177-5","volume":"23","author":"LM Koran","year":"2000","unstructured":"Koran LM. Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2000;23(3):509\u201317.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"679_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-006-0077-8","volume":"41","author":"K Stengler-Wenzke","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stengler-Wenzke K, Kroll M, Matschinger H, Angermeyer MC. Subjective quality of life of patients with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2006;41(8):662\u20138.","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR80","first-page":"1","volume":"52","author":"J Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu J, Lin Z, Liu Z, He H, Bai L, Lyu J. Secular trends in the incidence of eating disorders in China from 1990 to 2017: a joinpoint and age\u2013period\u2013cohort analysis. Psychol Med. 2020;52(5):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40337-022-00679-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40337-022-00679-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40337-022-00679-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T12:19:48Z","timestamp":1668773988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40337-022-00679-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-022-00679-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-2974"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-2974","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 July 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The Ethics Committee of Shenzhen University approved this study (PN-2020\u2013038).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Author Peiying Yang, Author Ting Wang, Author Fabian Herold, Author Notger Muller, Author Alyx Taylor, Author Attila Szabo, Author Umberto Granziol, Author Brian Cook, Author Emilio Landolfi, Author Marco Solmi and Author Liye Zou declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"169"}}