{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:24:18Z","timestamp":1785770658730,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Eat Disord"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01257-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T11:00:17Z","timestamp":1746097217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comorbidity between psychosis and eating disorders: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6928-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver Rumle","family":"Hovmand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7976-5987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda Lloyd","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celeste Mary","family":"Egtved","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5375-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidse M.","family":"Arnfred","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1257_CR1","first-page":"791573","volume":"2014","author":"Y Kouidrat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kouidrat Y, Amad A, Lalau JD, Loas G. Eating disorders in schizophrenia: implications for research and management. Schizophr Res Treat. 2014;2014:791573.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res Treat"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530318666180213111637","volume":"18","author":"S Marucci","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marucci S, Ragione LD, De Iaco G, Mococci T, Vicini M, Guastamacchia E, Triggiani V. Anorexia nervosa and comorbid psychopathology. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2018;18(4):316\u201324.","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets"},{"issue":"12","key":"1257_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00356-9","volume":"2","author":"S Zipfel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zipfel S, Giel KE, Bulik CM, Hay P, Schmidt U. Anorexia nervosa: aetiology, assessment, and treatment. Lancet Psychiatry. 2015;2(12):1099\u201311116.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10039","key":"1257_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01121-6","volume":"388","author":"MJ Owen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Owen MJ, Sawa A, Mortensen PB. Schizophrenia. Lancet. 2016;388(10039):86\u201397.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"1257_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0749-x","volume":"26","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang R, Larsen JT, Kuja-Halkola R, Thornton L, Yao S, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Petersen LV, Bulik CM, Bergen SE. Familial co-aggregation of schizophrenia and eating disorders in Sweden and Denmark. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26(9):5389\u201397.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9714","key":"1257_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61748-7","volume":"375","author":"J Treasure","year":"2010","unstructured":"Treasure J, Claudino AM, Zucker N. Eating disorders. Lancet. 2010;375(9714):583\u201393.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198105000-00001","volume":"169","author":"LK Hsu","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hsu LK, Meltzer ES, Crisp AH. Schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1981;169(5):273\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"255\u201361","key":"1257_CR8","first-page":"1985","volume":"146","author":"GC Lyketsos","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lyketsos GC, Paterakis P, Beisand A, Lyketsos CG. Eating disorders in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 1985;146(255\u201361):1985.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR9","first-page":"191","volume":"42","author":"D Stein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stein D, Zemishlani C, Shahal B, Barak Y. Disordered eating in elderly female patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2005;42(3):191\u20137.","journal-title":"Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-022-04745-9","volume":"182","author":"J Pruccoli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pruccoli J, Chiavarino F, Nanni C, Parmeggiani A. General psychopathological symptoms in children, adolescents, and young adults with anorexia nervosa-a naturalistic study on follow-up and treatment. Eur J Pediatr. 2023;182(3):997\u20131007.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-023-01583-y","volume":"28","author":"A Riva","year":"2023","unstructured":"Riva A, Purpura G, Di Guardo S, Falbo M, Pigni M, Nacinovich R. Psychological features in male and female adolescents with eating disorders: is it the same condition? Eat Weight Disord. 2023;28(1):56.","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v4.i4.112","volume":"4","author":"MV Seeman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seeman MV. Eating disorders and psychosis: seven hypotheses. World J Psychiatry. 2014;4(4):112\u20139.","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417701581","volume":"51","author":"A Phillipou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Phillipou A, Mountjoy RL, Rossell SL. Overvalued ideas or delusions in anorexia nervosa? Australian New Zealand J Psychiatry. 2017;51(6):563\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004867417701581.","journal-title":"Australian New Zealand J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1590\/0101-60830000000148","volume":"45","author":"R Behar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Behar R, Arancibia M, Gaete MI, Silva H, Meza-Concha N. The delusional dimension of anorexia nervosa: phenomenological, neurobiological and clinical perspectives. Arch Clin Psychiatry. 2018;45(1):15\u201321.","journal-title":"Arch Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2022.2135982","volume":"31","author":"PE Kambanis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kambanis PE, Bottera AR, Mancuso CJ, Cass K, Lohse K, Benabe J, Oakes J, Watters A, Johnson C, Mehler P, Young KP. Delusionality of beliefs among 50 adult females with severe and extreme anorexia nervosa upon admission to an acute medical stabilization facility. Eat Disord. 2023;31(4):353\u201361.","journal-title":"Eat Disord"},{"issue":"197\u2013205","key":"1257_CR16","first-page":"2018","volume":"86","author":"M Pugh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pugh M, Waller G, Esposito M. Childhood trauma, dissociation, and the internal eating disorder \u2018voice.\u2019 Child Abuse Negl. 2018;86(197\u2013205):2018.","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2009.09.004","volume":"32","author":"SY Yum","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yum SY, Caracci G, Hwang MY. Schizophrenia and eating disorders. Psychiatric Clin North Am. 2009;32(4):809\u201319.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03325126","volume":"16","author":"R Bou Khalil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bou Khalil R, Hachem D, Richa S. Eating disorders and schizophrenia in male patients: a review. Eat Weight Disord. 2011;16(3):e150\u20136.","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/OnlineFirst\/63514","volume":"51","author":"J Morylowska-Topolska","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morylowska-Topolska J, Ziemi\u0144ski R, Molas A, Gajewski J, Flis M, Stelmach E, Karaku\u0142a-Juchnowicz H. Schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa - reciprocal relationships a literature review. Psychiatr Pol. 2017;51(2):261\u201370.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Pol"},{"key":"1257_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2025.01.010","volume":"276","author":"RM Hechinger","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hechinger RM, Javaras KN, Lewandowski KE. Comorbidity of anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia: a systematic review. Schizophr Res. 2025;276:185\u201393.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"71","key":"1257_CR21","first-page":"2021","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372(71):2021.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1257_CR22","unstructured":"Association, American Psychiatric, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) (Third edition). 1987: American Psychiatric Association."},{"key":"1257_CR23","unstructured":"Association., American Psychiatric, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-4) (4th ed., text rev.). 2000, Washington, DC.: Amer Psychiatric Pub Inc."},{"key":"1257_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Association, American Psychiatric, The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Fifth Edition 2013. 2013: American Psychiatric Publishing; 5th edition.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"1257_CR25","unstructured":"Organization., World Health, The International Classification of Diseases: Ninth Revision (ICD-9). 1977, Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization."},{"key":"1257_CR26","unstructured":"(WHO), World Health Organization, The ICD-10 Classification and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders., Geneva: WHO."},{"key":"1257_CR27","unstructured":"WHO., ICD-11 Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Requirements for Mental and Behavioural Disorders. World Health Organisation., 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2011.04.064","volume":"53","author":"MH Fawzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fawzi MH, Fawzi MM. Disordered eating attitudes in Egyptian antipsychotic naive patients with schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry. 2012;53(3):259\u201368.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"278","key":"1257_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.06.035","volume":"2019","author":"D Malaspina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malaspina D, Walsh-Messinger J, Brunner A, Rahman N, Corcoran C, Kimhy D, Goetz RR, Goldman SB. Features of schizophrenia following premorbid eating disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2019;2019(278):275\u201380.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.12740\/APP\/127307","volume":"23","author":"M Khosravi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khosravi M. Key factors involved in the feeding and eating disorders among schizophrenic patients and non-clinical controls. Arch Psychiatry Psychother. 2021;23(2):43\u201352.","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatry Psychother"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001357","volume":"41","author":"R de Beaurepaire","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Beaurepaire R. Binge eating disorders in antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia: prevalence, antipsychotic specificities, and changes over time. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2021;41(2):114\u201320.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23687","volume":"55","author":"NC Momen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Momen NC, Plana-Ripoll O, Yilmaz Z, Thornton LM, McGrath JJ, Bulik CM, Petersen LV. Comorbidity between eating disorders and psychiatric disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2022;55(4):505\u201317.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1257_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e136","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03325293","volume":"15","author":"SS Kurpad","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kurpad SS, George SA, Srinivasan K. Binge eating and other eating behaviors among patients on treatment for psychoses in India. Eat Weight Disord. 2010;15:e136\u201343.","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"1257_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.003","volume":"201","author":"SL McElroy","year":"2016","unstructured":"McElroy SL, Crow S, Blom TJ, Cuellar-Barboza AB, Prieto ML, Veldic M, Winham SJ, Bobo WV, Geske J, Seymour LR, Mori N, Bond DJ, Biernacka JM, Frye MA. Clinical features of bipolar spectrum with binge eating behaviour. J Affect Disord. 2016;201:95\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.003.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"216\u201321","key":"1257_CR35","first-page":"2016","volume":"191","author":"SL McElroy","year":"2016","unstructured":"McElroy SL, Crow S, Blom TJ, Biernacka JM, Winham SJ, Geske J, Cuellar-Barboza AB, Bobo WV, Prieto ML, Veldic M, Mori N, Seymour LR, Bond DJ, Frye MA. Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders in patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2016;191(216\u201321):2016.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199905)25:4<399::AID-EAT4>3.0.CO;2-0","volume":"25","author":"RH Striegel-Moore","year":"1999","unstructured":"Striegel-Moore RH, Garvin V, Dohm FA, Rosenheck RA. Psychiatric comorbidity of eating disorders in men: a national study of hospitalized veterans. I Int J Eat Disord. 1999;25(4):399\u2013404.","journal-title":"I Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000221254.77675.f5","volume":"68","author":"BJ Blinder","year":"2006","unstructured":"Blinder BJ, Cumella EJ, Sanathara VA. Psychiatric comorbidities of female inpatients with eating disorders. Psychosom Med. 2006;68(3):454\u201362.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR38","first-page":"e2583","volume":"10","author":"RS Patel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patel RS, Olten B, Patel P, Shah K, Mansuri Z. Hospitalization outcomes and comorbidities of bulimia nervosa: a nationwide inpatient study. Cureus. 2018;10(5):e2583.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(94)90030-2","volume":"12","author":"LC Kopala","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kopala LC, Good KP, Honer WG. Olfactory hallucinations and olfactory identification ability in patients with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Schizophr Res. 1994;12(3):205\u201311.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2007.01685.x","volume":"61","author":"T Shioiri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shioiri T, Shinada K, Kuwabara H, Someya T. Early prodromal symptoms and diagnoses before first psychotic episode in 219 inpatients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007;61(4):348\u201354.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01511.x","volume":"38","author":"HC Steinhausen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Steinhausen HC. Outcome of anorexia nervosa in the younger patient. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1997;38(3):271\u20136.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.145.4.420","volume":"145","author":"J Hudson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hudson J, Pope H, Jonas J. Psychosis in anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Br J Psychiatry. 1984;145(4):420\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.145.4.420.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-1971(87)80034-9","volume":"10","author":"ME Jenkins","year":"1987","unstructured":"Jenkins ME. An outcome study of anorexia nervosa in an adolescent unit. J Adolesc. 1987;10(1):71\u201381.","journal-title":"J Adolesc"},{"issue":"7","key":"1257_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22884","volume":"51","author":"M Solmi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Solmi M, Collantoni E, Meneguzzo P, Degortes D, Tenconi E, Favaro A. Network analysis of specific psychopathology and psychiatric symptoms in patients with eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2018;51(7):680\u201392.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1257_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2022.101622","volume":"45","author":"KT Ganson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ganson KT, Cuccolo K, Nagata JM. Associations between psychosis symptoms and eating disorders among a national sample of U.S. college students. Eat Behav. 2022;45:101622.","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"key":"1257_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.04.045","volume":"241","author":"A Koyanagi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koyanagi A, Stickley A, Haro JM. Psychotic-like experiences and disordered eating in the English general population. Psychiatry Res. 2016;241:26\u201334.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700043348","volume":"12","author":"A Grounds","year":"1982","unstructured":"Grounds A. Transient psychoses in anorexia nervosa: a report of 7 cases. Psychol Med. 1982;12(1):107\u201313.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(198605)5:4<771::AID-EAT2260050416>3.0.CO;2-V","volume":"5","author":"AS David","year":"1986","unstructured":"David AS, Farmer AE, Murray RM. Schizophrenia and bulimia: case report. Int J Eat Disord. 1986;5(4):771\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR49","first-page":"859","volume":"46","author":"H Shiraishi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Shiraishi H, Koizumi J, Suzuki T, Yamaguchi N, Mizukami K, Hori M, Tanaka Y. Eating disorder and schizophrenia. Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol. 1992;46(4):859\u201367.","journal-title":"Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(199507)18:1<103::AID-EAT2260180112>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"18","author":"P Cheung","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cheung P, Wilder-Smith E. Anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia in a male Chinese. Int J Eat Disord. 1995;18(1):103\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0968(199609)4:3<189::AID-ERV125>3.0.CO;2-Y","volume":"4","author":"G Salmon","year":"1996","unstructured":"Salmon G. Atypical anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia: Are they linked by the 5-HT1c receptor? Eur Eat Disord Rev. 1996;4(3):189\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199707)22:1<101::AID-EAT14>3.0.CO;2-5","volume":"22","author":"MC Deckelman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Deckelman MC, Dixon LB, Conley RR. Comorbid bulimia nervosa and schizophrenia. Int J Eat Disord. 1997;22(1):101\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199811)24:3<329::AID-EAT12>3.0.CO;2-R","volume":"24","author":"PJ Hugo","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hugo PJ, Lacey JH. Disordered eating: a defense against psychosis? Int J Eat Disord. 1998;24(3):329\u201333.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.10022","volume":"31","author":"M Dymek","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dymek M, le Grange D. Anorexia nervosa with comorbid psychosis and borderline mental retardation: a case report. Int J Eat Disord. 2002;31(4):478\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.10022.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200312000-00006","volume":"2","author":"B Kiraly","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kiraly B, Joy EA. Case report. Anorexia nervosa and psychosis in a male triathlete. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2003;2(6):317\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.577","volume":"12","author":"L Kelly","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kelly L, Kamali M, Brennan T. Anorectic symptomatology as a prodrome of schizophrenia: four case reports. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2004;12(4):230\u20133.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03327643","volume":"12","author":"M Aragona","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aragona M. Tolerability and efficacy of aripiprazole in a case of psychotic anorexia nervosa comorbid with epilepsy and chronic renal failure. Eat Weight Disord. 2007;12(3):e54\u20137.","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1257_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03327812","volume":"14","author":"S Sarr\u00f3","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sarr\u00f3 S. Transient psychosis in anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 2009;14(2\u20133):e139\u201343.","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR59","first-page":"139","volume":"16","author":"NE Daryani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Daryani NE, Vakili S, Abdollahzade S. An association between anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia: a case report. Govaresh. 2011;16(2):139\u201343.","journal-title":"Govaresh"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1084","volume":"19","author":"L Rojo-Moreno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rojo-Moreno L, Plumed JJ, Fons MB, Gonzalez-Piqueras JC, Rojo-Bofill L, Livianos L. Auditory hallucinations in anorexia nervosa. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2011;19(6):494\u2013500.","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1177\/1534650112457457","volume":"11","author":"EE Lehman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lehman EE. The case of rose: schizoaffective disorder and secondary anorexia nervosa in late life. Clin Case Stud. 2012;11(5):348\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin Case Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-013-0009-z","volume":"18","author":"N Delsedime","year":"2013","unstructured":"Delsedime N, Nicotra B, Giovannone MC, Marech L, Barosio M, Marzola E, Abbate-Daga G, Fassino S. Psychotic symptoms in a woman with severe anorexia nervosa: psychotic symptoms in anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 2013;18(1):95\u20138.","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR63","first-page":"101","volume":"15","author":"MH Lai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lai MH, Tan SMK. When disordered eating and disordered thinking happen together in a young person? A case report. ASEAN J Psychiatry. 2014;15(1):101\u20135.","journal-title":"ASEAN J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"1257_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.66.12.1736","volume":"66","author":"RA Leite","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leite RA, Santos T, Nunes P, Brand\u00e3o I. Eating disorders and psychosis: a review and case report. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2020;66(12):1736\u201341.","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.4103\/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_446_20","volume":"63","author":"R Bheemireddy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bheemireddy R, Kethawath SM, Pingali S, Molanguri U. Early-onset anorexia nervosa with psychotic symptoms: a case report. Indian J Psychiatry. 2021;63(4):403\u20134.","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"e933759","key":"1257_CR66","first-page":"2022","volume":"23","author":"C Cri\u0219an","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cri\u0219an C, Androne B, Barbulescu LD, Suciu BD. Nexus of Delusions and overvalued ideas: a case of comorbid schizophrenia and anorexia in the view of the New ICD-11 classification system. Am J Case Rep. 2022;23(e933759):2022.","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"issue":"S1","key":"1257_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S848","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2023.1798","volume":"66","author":"EA S\u00e1nchez","year":"2023","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez EA, Preciados PS, Sanz-Giancola A. Psychotic symptoms in eating disorders: a case report. Eur Psychiatry. 2023;66(S1):S848\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0070(85)80105-4","volume":"6","author":"NL Schechter","year":"1985","unstructured":"Schechter NL. Self-starvation in a diabetic adolescent. J Adolesc Health Care. 1985;6(1):43\u20135.","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0070(89)90222-2","volume":"10","author":"ME Lyon","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lyon ME, Silber TJ. Anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia in an adolescent female. J Adolesc Health Care. 1989;10(5):419\u201320.","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3109\/10401239709147783","volume":"9","author":"CE Mu\u00f1oz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz CE, Ryan WG. Late-onset anorexia nervosa in schizophrenia: a case report. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 1997;9(2):109\u201311.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.345.15808","volume":"34","author":"N Imran","year":"2018","unstructured":"Imran N, Rumesa F, Jamil F. Comorbid schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa in an adolescent male. Pak J Med Sci. 2018;34(5):1297\u20139.","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes20096","volume":"30","author":"V Veeraraghavan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Veeraraghavan V. Obesogenic behavior and binge eating disorder in an elderly female with schizophrenia. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2021;30(2):184\u20137.","journal-title":"J Obes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-05039-6","volume":"23","author":"C Robertson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Robertson C, Dunn T. \u201cA ghost doesn\u2019t need insulin,\u201d Cotard\u2019s delusion leading to diabetic ketoacidosis and a body-mass index of 15: a case presentation. BMC Psychiatry. 2023;23(1):551.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.165.5.696a","volume":"165","author":"M Andrew","year":"1994","unstructured":"Andrew M, Harris B. Anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;165(5):696.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR75","first-page":"231","volume":"97","author":"B Wenokur","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wenokur B, Luby ED. Anorexia nervosa presenting as a somatic delusional disorder responsive to pharmacotherapy. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1997;97(4):231\u20132.","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000364291.86080.66","volume":"15","author":"DE Moga","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moga DE, Cabaniss DL, Marcus ER, Walsh BT, Kahn DA. Religious delusions in an evangelical Christian woman with anorexia nervosa. J Psychiatr Pract. 2009;15(6):477\u201383.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR77","first-page":"225","volume":"26","author":"SE Taycan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Taycan SE, Demir S, Celikel FC. From eating disorder to schizophrenia. J Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 2013;26(2):225\u20136.","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2019.06.003","volume":"61","author":"BB Brodrick","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brodrick BB, Jacobs MA, McAdams CJ. Psychosis in anorexia nervosa: a case report and review of the literature. Psychosomatics. 2020;61(2):181\u20137.","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"9","key":"1257_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001174","volume":"208","author":"RM Pacilio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pacilio RM, Coverdale JH, Siddiqui S, David EH, Gordon MR. Food refusal secondary to psychosis: a case series and literature review. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2020;208(9):654\u20137.","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1257_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22871","volume":"51","author":"LN Forrest","year":"2018","unstructured":"Forrest LN, Jones PJ, Ortiz SN, Smith AR. Core psychopathology in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: a network analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 2018;51(7):668\u201379.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wpsyc.2012.05.002","volume":"11","author":"J Parnas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Parnas J. The core gestalt of schizophrenia. World Psychiatry. 2012;11(2):67\u20139.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20369","volume":"15","author":"JP Selten","year":"2016","unstructured":"Selten JP, van Os J, Cantor-Graae E. The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: issues of measurement and reverse causality. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(3):294\u20135.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs151","volume":"40","author":"JB Kirkbride","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kirkbride JB, Jones PB, Ullrich S, Coid JW. Social deprivation, inequality, and the neighborhood-level incidence of psychotic syndromes in East London. Schizophr Bull. 2014;40(1):169\u201380.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"1257_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2016.1264992","volume":"9","author":"MV Seeman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seeman MV. Solitude and schizophrenia. Psychosis. 2017;9:176\u201383.","journal-title":"Psychosis"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1257_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2011.606435","volume":"146","author":"MP Levine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Levine MP. Loneliness and eating disorders. J Psychol. 2012;146(1\u20132):243\u201357.","journal-title":"J Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1257_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.01.006","volume":"104","author":"ED Paul","year":"2011","unstructured":"Paul ED, Hale MW, Lukkes JL, Valentine MJ, Sarchet DM, Lowry CA. Repeated social defeat increases reactive emotional coping behavior and alters functional responses in serotonergic neurons in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus. Physiol Behav. 2011;104(2):272\u201382.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"1549","key":"1257_CR87","first-page":"2019","volume":"9","author":"Y Higuchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Higuchi Y, Soga T, Parhar IS. Social defeat stress decreases mRNA for monoamine oxidase a and increases 5-HT turnover in the brain of male nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus). Front Pharmacol. 2019;9(1549):2019.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"1257_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881117725915","volume":"31","author":"DJ Carhart-Harris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carhart-Harris DJ, Nutt DJ. Serotonin and brain function: a tale of two receptors. J Psychopharmacol. 2017;31:1091\u2013120.","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"319\u201352","key":"1257_CR89","first-page":"2020","volume":"35","author":"A Brouwer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brouwer A, Carhart-Harris RL. Pivotal mental states. J Psychopharmacol. 2020;35(319\u201352):2020.","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1257_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.01.024","volume":"237","author":"VA Chouinard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chouinard VA, et al. Factors associated with overweight and obesity in schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2016;237:304\u201310.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(01)00041-3","volume":"35","author":"FM Theisen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Theisen FM, et al. Prevalence of obesity in adolescent and young adult patients with and without schizophrenia and in relationship to antipsychotic medication. J Psychiatr Res. 2001;35(6):339\u201345.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1097\/jcp.0b013e31815a8872","volume":"27","author":"M Kluge","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kluge M, et al. Clozapine and olanzapine are associated with food craving and binge eating: results from a randomized double-blind study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2007;27(6):662\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1257_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0663-2","volume":"114","author":"S Gebhardt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gebhardt S, et al. Clozapine\/olanzapine-induced recurrence or deterioration of binge eating-related eating disorders. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2007;114(8):1091\u20135.","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"issue":"11","key":"1257_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3820","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113820","volume":"13","author":"A Sankaranarayanan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sankaranarayanan A, et al. Disordered eating among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2021;13(11):3820.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"1257_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-019-1220-8","volume":"19","author":"RIG Holt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Holt RIG. Association between antipsychotic medication use and diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2019;19(10):96.","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"1257_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000791","volume":"35","author":"SM van Zonneveld","year":"2022","unstructured":"van Zonneveld SM, et al. Unhealthy diet in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2022;35(3):177\u201385.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"1257_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20625","volume":"42","author":"RH Striegel-Moore","year":"2009","unstructured":"Striegel-Moore RH, Rosselli F, Perrin N, DeBar L, Wilson GT, May A, Kraemer HC. Gender difference in the prevalence of eating disorder symptoms. Int J Eat Disord. 2009;42(5):471\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"1257_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100823","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2022-100823","volume":"35","author":"X Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li X, Zhou W, Yi Z. A glimpse of gender differences in schizophrenia. Gen Psychiatr. 2022;35(4):e100823.","journal-title":"Gen Psychiatr"},{"issue":"69","key":"1257_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1472","volume":"2012","author":"P Fusar-Poli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fusar-Poli P, Bonoldi I, Yung AR, Borgwardt S, Kempton MJ, Valmaggia L, et al. Predicting psychosis: meta-analysis of transition outcomes in individuals at high clinical risk. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012;2012(69):220\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1257_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-002-0792-6","volume":"110","author":"FM Theisen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Theisen FM, Linden A, K\u00f6nig IR, Martin M, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J. Spectrum of binge eating symptomatology in patients treated with clozapine and olanzapine. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2003;110(1):111\u201321.","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1257_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1097\/jcp.0b013e31815a8872","volume":"27","author":"M Kluge","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kluge M, Schuld A, Himmerich H, Dalal M, Schacht A, Wehmeier PM, Hinze-Selch D, Kraus T, Dittmann RW, Pollm\u00e4cher T. Clozapine and olanzapine are associated with food craving and binge eating: results from a randomized double-blind study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2007;27(6):662\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Eating Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40337-025-01257-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40337-025-01257-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40337-025-01257-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T12:02:32Z","timestamp":1746100952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40337-025-01257-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"references-count":101,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40337-025-01257-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-2974"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-2974","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"78"}}