{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:59:17Z","timestamp":1787162357041,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"AstraZeneca"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Bipolar Disord"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-025-00375-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T11:16:01Z","timestamp":1739618161000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Generalizability of findings from four clinical cohort studies and a general population study to patients with bipolar I disorder in outpatient treatment in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Joannes W.","family":"Renes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph W.","family":"Kupka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem A.","family":"Nolen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margreet ten","family":"Have","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afra","family":"van der Markt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco P. M.","family":"Boks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eline J.","family":"Regeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"375_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.03.007","volume":"100","author":"M Berk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Berk M, Hallam KT, McGorry PD. The potential utility of a staging model as a course specifier: a bipolar disorder perspective. J Affect Disord. 2007;100(1\u20133):279\u201381.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"375_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busch AB, He Y, Zelevinsky K, O\u2019Malley AJ. Predicting participation in psychiatric randomized controlled trials: insights from the STEP-BD. Psychiatr. Serv. 2015;66(8).","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201300557"},{"key":"375_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dell\u2019Osso B, Cafaro R, Ketter TA. Has Bipolar Disorder become a predominantly female gender related condition? Analysis of recently published large sample studies. Int. J. Bipolar Disord. [Internet]. Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2021;9(1). Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40345-020-00207-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-020-00207-z"},{"key":"375_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW, Davies, Borus J, et al. The structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders-Patient Edition. Biom. Res. Dep. New York; 1995.","DOI":"10.1037\/t07827-000"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"375_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2007.00325.x","volume":"9","author":"I Goetz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Goetz I, Tohen M, Reed C, Lorenzo M, Vieta E, Board EA. Functional impairment in patients with mania: baseline results of the EMBLEM study. Bipolar Disord. 2007;9(1\u20132):45\u201352.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"375_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00692.x","volume":"113","author":"JM Haro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haro JM, van Os J, Vieta E, Reed C, Lorenzo M, Goetz I, et al. Evidence for three distinct classes of typical, psychotic and dual mania: results from the EMBLEM study. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006;113(2):112\u201320.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"375_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoertel N, Strat YL, Lavaud P, Dubertret C, Limosin F. Generalizability of clinical trial results for bipolar disorder to community samples: findings from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(3).","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12m07935"},{"issue":"June 2020","key":"375_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.151","volume":"282","author":"CS Humpston","year":"2021","unstructured":"Humpston CS, Bebbington P, Marwaha S. Bipolar disorder: prevalence, help-seeking and use of mental health care in England. Findings from the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. J Affect Disord Elsevier B V. 2021;282(June 2020):426\u201333.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord Elsevier B V"},{"issue":"1","key":"375_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00969.x","volume":"14","author":"WW Ishak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ishak WW, Brown K, Aye SS, Kahloon M, Mobaraki S, Hanna R. Health-related quality of life in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2012;14(1):6\u201318.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"375_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12371","volume":"18","author":"LV Kessing","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kessing LV, Vradi E, Andersen PK. Nationwide and population-based prescription patterns in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2016;18(2):174\u201382.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"375_CR13","first-page":"949","volume":"54","author":"RW Kupka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kupka RW, Hillegers MH. [Staging and profiling in bipolar disorders]. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2012;54(11):949\u201356.","journal-title":"Tijdschr Psychiatr"},{"key":"375_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s177","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.178.41.s177","volume":"41","author":"RW Kupka","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kupka RW, Nolen WA, Altshuler LL, Denicoff KD, Frye MA, Leverich GS, et al. The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network. 2. Preliminary summary of demographics, course of illness and response to novel treatments. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2001;41:s177\u201383.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry Suppl"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"375_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00430-X","volume":"67","author":"GS Leverich","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leverich GS, Nolen WA, Rush AJ, McElroy SL, Keck PE, Denicoff KD, et al. The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network. I. Longitudinal methodology. J Affect Disord. 2001;67(1\u20133):33\u201344.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"375_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.4.s1.27.x","volume":"4","author":"RW Licht","year":"2002","unstructured":"Licht RW. Limits of the applicability and generalizability of drug trials in mania. Bipolar Disord. 2002;4(Suppl 1):66\u20138.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"375_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.170.3.264","volume":"170","author":"RW Licht","year":"1997","unstructured":"Licht RW, Gouliaev G, Vestergaard P, Frydenberg M. Generalisability of results from randomised drug trials. A trial on antimanic treatment. Br J Psychiatry. 1997;170:264\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"375_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.5.543","volume":"64","author":"KR Merikangas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Merikangas KR, Akiskal HS, Angst J, Greenberg PE, Hirschfeld RM, Petukhova M, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(5):543\u201352.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"375_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670802607220","volume":"43","author":"PB Mitchell","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mitchell PB, Johnston AK, Corry J, Ball JR, Malhi GS. Specialist outpatient clinic: comparison across large datasets. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2009;43:109\u201317.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"375_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munk-J\u00f8rgensen P, Dinesen \u00d8stergaard S. Register-based studies of mental disorders. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7).","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810390728"},{"issue":"1","key":"375_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-018-0130-z","volume":"6","author":"JW Renes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Renes JW, Regeer EJ, Hoogendoorn AW, Nolen WA, Kupka RW. A nationwide study on concordance with multimodal treatment guidelines in bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2018;6(1):22.","journal-title":"Int J Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"375_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosa AR, Reinares M, Michalak EE, Bonnin CM, Sole B, Franco C, et al. Functional impairment and disability across mood states in bipolar disorder. Volume 13. Value Health. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR); 2010. pp. 984\u20138. 8.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2010.00768.x"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"375_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00432-3","volume":"67","author":"T Suppes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Suppes T, Leverich GS, Keck PE, Nolen WA, Denicoff KD, Altshuler LL, et al. The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network. II. Demographics and illness characteristics of the first 261 patients. J Affect Disord. 2001;67(1\u20133):45\u201359.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"375_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.952","volume":"23","author":"A Talamo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Talamo A, Baldessarini RJ, Centorrino F. Comparison of mania patients suitable for treatment trials versus clinical treatment. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2008;23(6):447\u201354.","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"375_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(00)00310-4","volume":"68","author":"M ten Have","year":"2002","unstructured":"ten Have M, Vollebergh W, Bijl R, Nolen WA. Bipolar disorder in the general population in the Netherlands (prevalence, consequences and care utilisation): results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). J Affect Disord. 2002;68(2\u20133):203\u201313.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"375_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.03.001","volume":"33","author":"BD Thombs","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thombs BD, Bernstein DP, Lobbestael J, Arntz A. A validation study of the Dutch childhood trauma questionnaire-short form: factor structure, reliability, and known-groups validity. Child Abuse Negl. 2009;33(8):518\u201323.","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"issue":"12","key":"375_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718002854","volume":"49","author":"AH van Bergen","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Bergen AH, Verkooijen S, Vreeker A, Abramovic L, Hillegers MH, Spijker AT, et al. The characteristics of psychotic features in bipolar disorder. Psychol Med. 2019;49(12):2036\u201348.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"375_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12825","volume":"22","author":"A van der Markt","year":"2020","unstructured":"van der Markt A, Klumpers UMH, Dols A, Draisma S, Boks MP, van Bergen A, et al. Exploring the clinical utility of two staging models for bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2020;22(1):38\u201345.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"375_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vreeker A, Boks MPM, Abramovic L, Verkooijen S, Van Bergen AH, Hillegers MHJ et al. High educational performance is a distinctive feature of bipolar disorder: a study on cognition in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia patients, relatives and controls. Psychol Med 2016;46(4).","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715002299"},{"key":"375_CR28","volume-title":"Composite International Diagnostic interview (CIDI), version 1.0","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1990","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Composite International Diagnostic interview (CIDI), version 1.0. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1990."},{"issue":"3","key":"375_CR29","first-page":"182","volume":"40","author":"M Zimmerman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zimmerman M, Mattia JI. Psychiatric diagnosis in clinical practice: is comorbidity being missed? Compr. Psychiatry. 1999;40(3):182\u201391.","journal-title":"Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Bipolar Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40345-025-00375-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40345-025-00375-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40345-025-00375-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T11:16:09Z","timestamp":1739618169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40345-025-00375-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["375"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40345-025-00375-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-7511"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2194-7511","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"For all studies (SFBN-NFS, TBDN, EMBLEM, DBC, and Nemesis), participants gave informed consent. The TBDN, SFBN-NFS, and DBC studies were approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. Nemesis was approved by the Internal Review Board of the Trimbos Institute (Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction), The Netherlands. For the international EMBLEM study, local approval was obtained from an ethics committee, also in the Netherlands. Patients from the outpatient clinic participating in routine outcome measurement agreed in advance with the use of these anonymized data for research","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"J.W. Renes and E.J. Regeer received speaker\u2019s fees from AstraZeneca, Bristol-MyersSquibb, and Ely Lilly. M. ten Have, A. van der Markt, and M.P.M. Boks, report no potential conflicts of interest. W.A. Nolen has received grants from the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, the European Union; has received honoraria \/ speaker\u2019s fees from Lundbeck and Aristo Pharma and has served as consultant for Daleco Pharma. R.W. Kupka received speaker\u2019s fees for lectures on symposia sponsored by AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lundback, Sanofi, and Janssen.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"6"}}